FINAL VERSION OF
THE CHRONOLOGICAL GULF BETWEEN THE OLD RIGVEDA AND THE NEW RIGVEDA:
[WITH THE THE HYMN-AND-VERSE WISE LIST OF NEW WORDS AND OTHER NEW ELEMENTS IN THE RIGVEDA]
Shrikant G. Talageri
I had written two articles before on this subject: "The Chronological Gulf Between The Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda" (19/8/2020, revised 4/10/2020) and "The New Words and Other New Elements in the Rigveda" (22/6/2022). This article combines the two, and contains a completely revised and checked list of words (deleting words wrongly cited earlier and giving a more complete list of New Words), and mainly provides the hymn-and-verse wise list of the actual new words which was missing in the earlier versions. [To avoid errors, diversion and confusion, I will delete the two earlier articles from my blogspot and from academia.edu, as this article is the final version]
Since understanding this chronological gulf between the two parts of the Rigveda is the key to a basic and correct understanding of Vedic history, Indo-Iranian history, Indo-European history and Indian history, this article is vitally important for any historical study in any of these fields.
Before going into the subject, a few preliminary remarks: It is possible there may be a few minor errors in this article. That is always a necessary part of any real scholarly study, and if I have made any errors, I am the first one to want to have my errors pointed out. As I have always said and written, I prefer to have errors pointed out when I am alive either to correct them or else to point out why they are not errors. I know that any errors pointed out and corrected will only strengthen my case and not weaken it.
And in this matter of errors, there is no shame in having made inadvertent errors. I have always found it pathetic and distressing when pedestrian Hindu critics of the early Indologists (Griffith, Monier-Williams, etc.) make sweeping armchair criticisms about their works being full of "errors". It appears these critics do not have the eyes or viveka-buddhi to actually look at the detailed and original tomes produced by these scholars after devoted, arduous and fatiguing lifelong studies in times when there were no computers and sweeping computer-techniques to make their task easier in a hundred different ways. But of course there is always the chance that they must have made some errors: they wouldn't be human beings if they didn't. So if anyone, even those sitting comfortably in armchairs, can actually detect genuine errors, they should bring them out in the open and make them known, noted and corrected, and then move on: but not malign the great scholars in sweeping ways. In my opinion that amounts to spitting at the sun.
In this matter, we have had our own great Indian Indologists: the scholars of the Vishveshvaranand Vedic Research Institute (Hoshiarpur), led by Vishva Bandhu, who have prepared the invaluable volumes of the Shānta-Kuṭi Vedic Series, especially the detailed Grammatical (and other) Word-Indices (Word Concordances) to the Vedic texts. No scholarly studies of the Vedic texts are possible today without referring to their extremely scholarly works. Yet, there are many errors and omissions, and cross-checking with the actual text is always necessary. Many references are missing, and there are also errors in hymn or verses numbers: for a few examples, gopavana in VIII.74.11 is wrongly given as VIII.74.1; prātaḥsavana is given as Rigveda VI.47.1 and IX.1.11 when the word is actually not found in the Rigveda at all; kukṣi is given in VII.92.24 (actually it is VIII.92.24); asau is given in V.17.3 but is not actually found there; the word dayamāna is found six times in the Rigveda, but only the three occurences in Book 1 are given; dātave in IV.20.10 is not shown, etc.: the list is a very long one But all this does not detract from the greatness of the scholars or their work in the tiniest bit.
I am not placing myself in the category of the compilers of the Word Indices (Concordances) who were extremely dedicated scholars. But yes, the data in this article is vital for Vedic historical studies, and there may be some errors — it could be that I may have included words which would be objected to by some scholars for some reason or the other, but more probably there may be some errors in verse numbers with the word actually being in a verse before or after the verse number given by me (working continuously with numbers and figures can lead to fatigue and tricks on the eyes and its consequences). They will not make any difference to the main conclusions, but if such errors are there they need to be pointed out and corrected.
And, on the subject of Indologists, let me, at this point, start out by first paying homage to Edward W. Hopkins (1857-1932), in many ways the great pioneer of analysis of the internal chronology of the Rigveda.
The article is divided into the following sections:
I. The Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda.
II. The New Words and Other New Elements.
III. The Hymn-and-Verse Wise List of New Words.
IV. Why This Is Just The Tip of the Iceberg.
V. The Importance of This Chronological Division.
VI. The Middle Period Words in the Rigveda.
SECTION I. THE OLD RIGVEDA AND THE NEW RIGVEDA
The Rigveda is the oldest Indo-Aryan, Vedic and Indo-European text in the world. It consists of 10 Books (Maṇḍalas) containing 1028 hymns (sūktas) and 10552 verses (mantras or ṛcas) as follows, arranged in the chronological order of the 10 books:
|
Book |
Number of Hymns |
Number of Verses |
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
75 |
765 |
|
3 |
62 |
617 |
|
7 |
104 |
841 |
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
58 |
`589 |
|
2 |
43 |
429 |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
87 |
727 |
|
1 |
191 |
2006 |
|
8 |
103 |
1716 |
|
9 |
114 |
1108 |
|
10 |
191 |
1754 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
1028 |
10552 |
As can be seen, the chronological order of the 10 books is not as per their serial order. The exact details of this particular chronological order have been given in my books and articles, and I will not repeat them here. The relevant point is the first five Books above (6,3,7,4,2) constitute the Old Rigveda and the next five (5,1,8,9,10) constitute the New Rigveda. This is the only basic distinction that is relevant for our chronological studies here. And this distinction is the standard one accepted by Indological consensus, even if not exactly in the terms (Old Rigveda and New Rigveda) used by us, but without understanding the extent of the massive chronological gulf between the two parts of the Rigveda and its historical implications:
1. Family Books and non-Family Books:
According to Michael Witzel, based on a consensus from the time of Oldenberg at least: "The structure of the text has been more extensively studied, already by Bergaigne (1878-83) and Oldenberg in the 19th century. From the latter's Prolegomena (Oldenberg 1888), it appears that the Ṛgveda was composed and assembled in the following stages, beginning 'at the centre' with books 2-7" (WITZEL 1995b:309). Witzel even provides a graph on the page, vividly showing this order of composition and assembly, with Books 2-7 as the earliest core of the text, parts of 1 and 8 forming the second layer, the rest of 1 and 8 forming the third layer, followed by Book 9, and finally by "the great appendix to the Ṛgveda" (WITZEL 1995b:310), Book 10.
More recently, Theodore Proferes (frequently quoted by Witzel to promote his own "status kit" mumbo jumbo) puts it as follows: "The formation of the ṛksamhita [....] appears to have been carried out in three stages. First, the 'clan books' 2-7 were collected and ordered [....] At a later stage, Books 1 and 8 were added to the case like book ends. It was likely at this stage that Book 9 was added as well. Lastly, the heterogenous material in Book 10 was appended to the entire collection" (PROFERES 1999:10).
So the consensus is that the Family Books (2-7) are older than the Non-family Books (1, 8-10).
2. Book 5, the New Family Book:
But there is a further point noted by the scholars, distinguishing one of the six Family books (or clan books, as Proferes calls them above) from the other five, and clubbing it with the non-family books:
Edward Hopkins, as long ago as 1896, wrote a long and detailed article ("Prāgāthikāni-I", in JAOS, the Journal of the American Oriental Society, 1896) about the late chronological position of Book 8. In this article, he refers to "the intermediate character of v, between viii and the other family books" (HOPKINS 1896a:88), and repeatedly points out with detailed evidence (see HOPKINS 1896a:29-30 fn, 88-89) that there are a great many "evidences of special rapport between viii and v" (HOPKINS 1896a:89). Further, he emphasizes that "the vocabulary of the Kaṇva maṇḍala [8] often coincides with that of the Atri maṇḍala [5] when it shows no correspondence with that of other family books. This subject deserves special treatment" (HOPKINS 1896a:29).
More recently, Proferes, after pointing out, in his Harvard thesis above, that the Family Books 2-7 are earlier than the non-family Books 1, 8-10, repeatedly singles out Book 5 as having a close relationship with Books 1 and 8, the two Books which he earlier tells us were appended to the collection of the Family books "at a later stage":
W"We need not rely exclusively on the
Anukramaṇī to affirm that there were important interactions between the
priestly groups represented in Books 1, 5 and 8. As Oldenberg [1888b:213-215]
has shown, evidence from the hymns themselves supports this conclusion"
(PROFERES 1999:75).
"the pavamāna collection [Book 9] consists primarily of late authors, those from Books 1, 5, 8 and in a limited number of cases, 10" (PROFERES 1999:69).
In a more recent paper, Proferes repeats the above point:
"the clan book composers, except those from Book 5, are not well represented among the pavamāna composers of Book 9" (PROFERES 2003:12).
"These circles are represented by the Kāṇva, Ātreya and Āngirasa authors from Books 1, 5 and 8, as well as by descendants of these authors" (PROFERES 2003:16).
"the breakdown of the strict separation of the ritual poetry of different clans and the preservation of that poetry together in a single collection began with the Kāṇva, Ātreya and Āngirasa poets of Books 1, 5 and 8" (PROFERES 2003:18).
[Most significantly]: "The connections of Book 5 with Books 1 and 8 and not with the other clan books (2-4, 6-7) is interesting, since it seems to belong to the core RV collection (Oldenberg [1888a]; Witzel [1997])" (PROFERES 2003:16, fn)..
In short, the second basic fact, clear from the writings of the scholars, is that, from among the Family or "clan" books (2-7), Book 5 is classifiable with the non-family Books (1, 8-10) rather than with the other Family Books, and stands chronologically between the other Family Books (2-4, 6-7) and the Non-family Books (1, 8-10).
Thus, even without going into the details of the internal chronological order within the group of other Family Books (2-4, 6-7), we already have, as per the analysis of the western scholars themselves, the following three chronological stages:
Old Family Books 2-4, 6-7.
New Family Book 5.
New Non-family Books 1, 8-10.
So the consensus gives us five Old Books (2,3,4,6,7, ignoring the internal chronological order) and five New Books (5,1,8,9,10, in that chronological order). We call these the Old Rigveda and New Rigveda respectively.
3. Redacted Hymns in the Old Books:
But there is a further division within the Family Books:
Oldenberg, in his writings (notably his Prolegomena) has identified certain principles in the arrangement of most of the hymns in the Family Books 2-7: each Family Book begins with a group of hymns to Agni, followed by a group of hymns to Indra, followed by groups of hymns to various other deities, arranged according to decreasing number of hymns per deity; within each deity-group, the hymns are again arranged according to decreasing number of verses. Within this arrangement, hymns with the same number of verses are arranged according to meter, starting with jagatī and triṣṭubh, and followed by anuṣṭubh and gāyatrī.
That Oldenberg and his predecessors identified a very important set of principles in the arrangement of the Rigvedic hymns is beyond doubt. But what followed this identification is more important: Oldenberg identified hymns, in each Family Book, which seemed to violate these principles of arrangement by either being too short or too long, or having different deities or meters, and concluded that these "unordered" hymns were late hymns, or more properly Redacted Hymns,which were added to the collection or modified later, as compared to the other ("ordered") hymns in the Books.
The Aitareya Brahmana, attached to the Rigveda, directly testifies that 6 more hymns in Book 3 were added to the collection later. These hymns, according to the Aitareya Brahmana (VI.18), are III.30-31, 34, 36, 38, 48.
The full list of Old Hymns and Redacted Hymns (including both Oldenberg's "unordered" hymns and the 6 hymns specified in the Aitareya Brahmana) in the five Old Books is as follows:
|
Old Rigveda (280 hymns, 2368 verses) |
Redacted Hymns (62 hymns, 873 verses) |
|
II. 1-31, 33-40 (39 hymns, 394 verses). |
II. 32, 41-43 (4 hymns, 35 verses). |
|
III. 1-25, 32-33, 35, 37, 39-47, 49-50, 54-61 (48 hymns, 428 verses). |
III. 26-31, 34, 36, 38, 48, 51-53, 62 (14 hymns, 189 verses). |
|
IV. 1-14, 16-29, 33-36, 38-47, 49, 51-54 (47 hymns, 456 verses). |
IV. 15, 30-32, 37, 48, 50, 55-58 (11 hymns, 133 verses). |
|
VI. 1-14, 17-43, 53-58, 62-73 (59 hymns, 449 verses). |
VI. 15-16, 44-52, 59-61, 74-75 (16 hymns, 316 verses). |
|
VII. 1-14, 18-30, 34-54, 56-58, 60-65, 67-73, 75-80, 82-93, 95, 97-100 (87 hymns, 641 verses). |
VII. 15-17, 31-33, 55, 59, 66, 74, 81, 94, 96, 101-104 (17 hymns, 200 verses). |
So we get the final basic chronological division of the Rigveda as follows:
TOTAL NUMBER OF HYMNS AND VERSES IN THE RIGVEDA:
1. Old Rigveda Books 2,3,4,6,7: 280 Hymns, 2368 verses.
2. Redacted Hymns in Old Books 2,3,4,6,7: 62 Hymns, 873 verses.
3. New Rigveda Books 1,5,8,9,10: 686 Hymns, 7311 verses.
The Redacted Hymns form a sort of buffer zone between the Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda: they were composed during the period of the Old Rigveda itself and are therefore old hymns but kept aside as a kind of appendix to each book (except the last group of hymns in each book, II.42-43, III.62, IV.55-58, VI.74-75, VII.101-104, which were inserted within each book last of all (when the original Old Rigveda was given its final form).
But these Redacted Hymns were not preserved with equal rigor until that first Rigveda (consisting of the Family Books including the New Book 5) was finalized after the composition of Book 5 in the New Period, when they were inserted into the main body of the hymns of the Old Rigveda. The reasons for the lack of rigorous rigidization or freezing of the contents of the Redacted Hymns (before the first Rigveda was fixed in form) were that some of them were not sanctified by being regularly recited in rituals and were hence linguistically updated before addition, and many of the others by contrast were regularly recited as ballads before audiences (due to some historical or popular material in them) and became automatically linguistically updated before addition. [The non-family Books were added later to the original collection in different stages, as detailed by the western scholars].
However, the most important point to be understood about the Redacted Hymns is that they were linguistically updated, but they were not changed in historical and geographical context and content: the only interpolated references naming historically late persons in the Rigveda (there are no interpolated references pertaining to geographical contexts) are the handful of deliberately interpolated references to the much later Purukutsa and Trasadasyu, (see TALAGERI 2000:67-72 for details), but these interpolated references were actually interpolated into Old Hymns in the Old Rigveda and not into the Redacted Hymns.
Hence, geographically and historically the Redacted Hymns represent the Old Period, while linguistically they contain incidental New Words not found in the Old Period. As I have pointed out in my books and blogs, both the Old Hymns as well as the Redacted Hymns in any Old Book (6,3,7,4,2) have exactly the same historical and geographical contexts, although linguistically they differ sharply. [In the New Book 5, where Oldenberg has identified Redacted Hymns (according to him, hymns 25-28, 40, 51, 61, 78, 82, 87) in line with the other five Family Books, the older hymns as well as the Redacted Hymns have exactly the same historical and geographical contexts, as well as linguistic contents, since both the sets of hymns belong to the later period]:
In the Old Books 6,7,3 and 2, references to all Western geographical words are completely missing in both the sets of hymns. In Book 4 (with its westward expansionist thrust), the references to Western rivers are found in both: in the Old Hymns 43 and 54, as well as in the Redacted Hymns 30 and 55. But in Book 4, (as well as in the New Book 5) the names of Western animals, places, lakes and mountains, are missing in both the sets of hymns.
At the same time, the references to Eastern geographical words (rivers, places, lake, animals) are found in both the Old Hymns as well as the Redacted Hymns, in all the books of the Old Rigveda:
|
“Ordered” Hymns. |
“Unordered” Hymns. |
|
II. 1, 3, 10, 30, 34, 36. |
II. 32, 41. |
|
III. 4-5, 23, 45-46, 54, 58. |
III. 26, 29, 53. |
|
IV. 4, 16, 18, 21. |
IV. 58. |
|
VI. 1, 4, 8, 17, 20, 27. |
VI. 45, 49, 50, 52, 61. |
|
VII. 2, 9, 18, 35-36, 39-40, 44, 69, 95. |
VII. 96. |
Similarly, the two groups of hymns, in each Family Book, show perfect conformity with each other in their historical topics. Thus, for example, Book 6 deals with the period of Divodāsa, and he is mentioned in six hymns. Of these, three hymns, 26, 31 and 43, are Old Hymns, and three, 16, 47, and 61, are Redacted Hymns. Likewise, Books 3 and 7 deal with the period of Sudās. Of the two hymns in Book 3, which deal with Sudās’ activities, one, 33, is an Old Hymn, and one, 53, is a Redacted Hymn. And in Book 7, of the ten hymns which refer to Sudās, eight, 18-20, 25, 53, 60, 64 and 83, are Old Hymns, and two, 32 and 33, are Redacted Hymns. Clearly, both the groups of hymns, within any particular Family Book, share historical concerns of the same period. They only differ sharply linguistically, as the data in this present article will again make crystal clear.
The rationale behind such redactions and the introduction of chronologically new linguistic, but not historical or geographical, material into older texts must be understood. When anyone is retelling old events before a contemporary audience, there is a tendency to use contemporary words and ideas in describing the events (both as a spontaneous process as well as to be better understood by the audience) — words and ideas that may not have existed at all in the time of the actual events being retold. And these may include incidental references to things so common to the time of the reteller that he is even not aware or conscious that these references would be incongruous to the time of the events being retold. My favorite examples are about the Ramayana (and the Mahabharata): the text of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata were finalized in the late Mauryan period, and the Valmiki Ramayana refers (in describing the places searched by the Vanaras in order to locate Sita) to the Chola, Chera and Pandya kingdoms of the South, and both texts make incidental references to the Greeks and the Romans (Yavanas and Romakas), all of whom existed or were known in India during the Mauryan period but obviously did not exist during the time of the actual events described in the two texts. Likewise, films and pictorial representations unconsciously show old historical personalities in costumes (and other cultural settings) which may not have existed during those times. The 1960s film "Sampoorna Ramayana" shows Rama seeing the image of Sita in a Sitaphal and Sita seeing an image of Rama in a Ramphal: both these varieties of "custard-apple" originated in the Americas and were brought to India by the Portuguese, but they are so common in India that the writer and director of the film were clearly unaware of this.
But no-one would consciously introduce contemporary persons or geographical locations into the heart of the narrative (except as parody) if he were aware or conscious that they are incongruous. The two texts do not introduce contemporary individuals like Chandragupta or Ashoka into the narrative, and modern retellings would not introduce America or Europe or Australia into the narrative, or locate the central events of the texts in new and obviously non-traditional places.
Likewise. the redactors of the Redacted Hymns in the New Period of the Rigveda (before the entire text was frozen in form) likewise, subconsciously and incidentally introduced many New Words into the hymns, and in a few rare cases, even modified the meters, but they did not tamper with the historical and geographical data.
At this point, before proceeding to the data, I think it is important to understand the fundamental importance of the Rigveda as a source of historical data. And, as in many of my books and articles, I can do this best by again quoting the words of Michael Witzel. The unparalleled importance of the Rigveda as an inscription can best be described in the words of Michael Witzel:
“Right from the beginning, in Ṛgvedic times, elaborate steps were taken to insure the exact reproduction of the words of the ancient poets. As a result, the Ṛgveda still has the exact same wording in such distant regions as Kashmir, Kerala and Orissa, and even the long-extinct musical accents have been preserved. Vedic transmission is thus superior to that of the Hebrew or Greek Bible, or the Greek, Latin and Chinese classics. We can actually regard present-day Ṛgveda recitation as a tape recording of what was composed and recited some 3000 years ago. In addition, unlike the constantly reformulated Epics and Purāṇas, the Vedic texts contain contemporary materials. They can serve as snapshots of the political and cultural situation of the particular period and area in which they were composed. […] as they are contemporary, and faithfully preserved, these texts are equivalent to inscriptions. […] they are immediate and unchanged evidence, a sort of oral history ― and sometimes autobiography ― of the period, frequently fixed and ‘taped’ immediately after the event by poetic formulation. These aspects of the Vedas have never been sufficiently stressed […]” (WITZEL 1995a:91).
“[…] the Vedas were composed orally and they always were and still are, to some extent, oral literature. They must be regarded as tape recordings, made during the Vedic period and transmitted orally, and usually without the change of a single word.” (WITZEL 1997b:258).
At the outset, it must be underlined that the Vedic texts excel among other early texts of other cultures in that they are 'tape recordings' of this archaic period. They were not allowed to be changed: not one word, not a syllable, not even a tonal accent. If this sounds unbelievable, it may be pointed out that they even preserve special cases of main clause and secondary clause intonation, items that have even escaped the sharp ears of early Indian grammarians. These texts are therefore better than any manuscript, and as good―if not better―than any contemporary inscription" (WITZEL 1999a:3).
“It must be underlined that just like an ancient inscription, these words have not changed since the composition of these hymns c.1500 BCE, as the RV has been transmitted almost without any change […] The modern oral recitation of the RV is a tape recording of c.1700-1200 BCE.” (WITZEL 2000a:§8).
“The language of the RV is an archaic form of Indo-European. Its 1028 hymns are addressed to the gods and most of them are used in ritual. They were orally composed and strictly preserved by exact repetition through by rote learning, until today. It must be underlined that the Vedic texts are ‘tape recordings’ of this archaic period. Not one word, not a syllable, not even a tonal accent were allowed to be changed. The texts are therefore better than any manuscript, and as good as any well preserved contemporary inscription. We can therefore rely on the Vedic texts as contemporary sources for names of persons, places, rivers (WITZEL 1999c)” (WITZEL 2006:64-65).
However many times these words (from five different articles ranging from 1995 to 2006), are quoted, I think they are worth quoting, reading, and understanding again and again.
SECTION II. THE NEW WORDS AND OTHER NEW ELEMENTS
There are three aspects to these new elements in the Rigveda:
A. Composer Names containing new elements found only in the New Rigveda, but also shared with the Avesta (and Mitanni) data.
B. New Meters.
C. The actual New Words within the hymns themselves.
II-A. The New Composer Names: The "Avestan-Mitanni Type Namees":
The first and most important class of words is what I call the "Avestan-Mitanni Type Names". They are personal name-types, and even individual names, which came into being only in the period of the New Rigveda, and in subsequent literature, but are completely missing in the Old Rigveda.
Their significance is that these names and name-types and in subsequent literature, are testified by two distinct and independent data-bases outside India and they completely change the historical perspective of the "Indo-Iranian" story: they are found abundantly in the New Rigveda and later, and they are found in the Avesta, and in the stock of Mitanni kings' names found in carbon-dated West Asian documents and inscriptions going beyond 1500 BCE, but are not found in the Old Rigveda. Obviously they cannot be pre-Rigvedic Name Types and Names as would be compulsorily assumed in any AIT scenario.
This places the Old Rigveda before the joint period of the New Rigveda, the Avesta and the proto-Mitanni (before they arrived in West Asia). And as the geography of the Old Rigveda lies entirely to the east of the Indus river, and more specifically to the east of the Sarasvati river of Haryana in its earliest parts, this places the ultimate origin of all the "Indo-Iranian" people deep within North India in a period long preceding 2000 BCE at the very most conservative.
I have given a near-complete and detailed list of these late Rigveda-Avesta-Mitanni name-elements in my third book (see TALAGERI 2008:20-43). Here I will only give those of them found specifically in the list of Rigvedic composers: they include the following words, some independently or as prefixes (the first part of compound names) or suffixes (the second part of compound names): aśva, atithi, avasyu, ayana, aṣṭa, abhi, auśija, āptya, urukṣaya, ūrdhva, ṛṣṭi, kṣatra, kṛśa, kṛṣṇa, gaya, gu, gandharva, ghora, citra, jarat, tri, nṛ, nābhānediṣṭha, paura, pṛṣad, prati, priya/prī, pras, bandhu, budha, bṛhad, bhiṣag, medha/medhya, manas, yama/yamī, yajña, yajata, ratha, vasu, vi, vedas, vanta/manta, vivasvat, virāj/virāṭ, śruta, śyena, śyāva, śepa, śāsa, śraddhā, saṁ, stuta, hari. Also There are many new names of animals found only in the Indo-Aryan and Iranian branches, in the Avesta and in the New Rigveda but totally missing in the Old Rigveda: and while many of them are found in personal names in the Avesta (maēša, sheep, ura, lamb, uštra, camel, and varāza, boar), they are not found in personal names in the Rigveda, where they are simply animal names: meṣa, urā, uṣṭra, varāha. But one of them is found in personal names in the Rigveda, kaśyapa (Avestan kasiiapa).
[Apart from these Name Types and Names, there are numerous other words, listed by earlier Indologists (like Hopkins) and present-day Indologists (like Lubotsky and Witzel), which are peculiar to only the Indo-Aryan and Iranian branches and are not found in the other IE languages. These include the following prominent words: āśā, gandha/gandhi, kadrū, sūcī, tiṣya, phāla, saptaṛṣi, mūjavat, stukā, ambhas, samā, strī, tokman, evathā, udara, kṣīra, parṣa, sthūṇa, chāga, kapota, vṛkka, śanaih, pṛdāku, bhaṅga, pavasta, prabhartar, dvīpa, jāmātar, tanūkṛt, yahu, śvātra, and priya- compounds. Also the words gātha/gāthā and bīja. All these are found only in the New Rigveda and Redacted Hymns, and they are included in the list of New Words which follows].
Hymns with New Names of Composers will be marked in the hymn-and-verse wise lists (in Section III) in the brackets with a +C along with the number of verses and words, e.g. I.12: …. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
The following is the hymn wise distribution of these common "Avestan-Mitanni Type" name elements in the Composer Names in the Rigveda:
Book 3 (1 hymn):
36. ghora — gaora.
Book 5 (39 hymns):
1. budha — buδra.
3-6. vasu-śruta — vaŋhu/vohu-srūta.
9-10. gaya — gaiia.
20. (prayas)-vanta — uuaṇt.
24. bandhu — bзṇduua, (Su)-bandhu — bзṇduua, Śruta-bandhu — srūtō-bзṇduua, (vipra)-bandhu — bзṇduua, (gopa)-ayana — -aiiana..
25-26. vasū-(yu) - vaŋhu/vohu-.
31. avasyu - auuahiia.
33-34. sam-(varaṇa) — ham-.
35-36. (prabhū)-vasu — -vaŋhu/vohu.
40. kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
45. tri-(śoka) — θri-.
46. prati-kṣatra — paiti-xšaθra.
47. prati-ratha — paiti-raθa.
48. prati-(bhānu) — paiti.
49. prati-(prabha) — paiti.
52-61. śyāvāśva — siiāuuāspi
62. śruta-(vid) — srūtō-.
67-68. yajata — iiazata/yazata.
73-74. paura — pauruua.
75. avasyu — auuahiia.
81-82. śyāvāśva — siiāuuāspi.
Book 1 (61 hymns):
12-23. medha-atithi — mazda-asti.
24-30 (śunaḥ)-śepa — xšuuaēpa.
36-43. ghora — gaora.
44-50. pras-(kaṇva) — fraš-.
99. vivasvat — vīuuaŋvhaṇt, kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
100. ṛjrāśva — arəjəţ.aspa.
105. āptya — āθβiia.
116-126. auśija — usig.
127-139. (paruḥ)-śepa — xšuuaēpa.
Book 8 (50 hymns):
1. medha-atithi — mazda-asti, medhya-atithi — mazda-asti.
2. medha-atithi — mazda-asti, priya-medha — friia-miiazdana.
3. medhya-atithi — mazda-asti.
4. (deva)-atithi — -asti.
5. (brahma)-atithi — -asti.
10. ghora — gaora.
14-15. aśva-(sūktin) — aspō-.
23-26. (viśva)-manas — -manah, vi-aśva — vi-aspa.
27-31. kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
32. medha-atithi — mazda-asti.
33. medhya-atithi — mazda-asti.
34. (nīpa)-atithi — -asti.
35-38. śyāvāśva — siiāuuāspi.
43-44. vi-(rūpa) — vi-.
46. aśva — aspa.
47. āptya — āθβiia.
48. ghora — gaora.
49. pras-(kaṇva) — fraš-.
50. (puṣṭi)-gu — -gu.
51. (śruṣṭi)-gu — -gu.
53. medhya — mazda.
55. kṛśa — kərəsa.
56. prṣadh-(ra) — paršaţ.
57-58. medhya — mazda.
62. ghora — gaora.
68-69. (puru)-medha — -miiazdana.
75. vi-(rūpa) — vi-.
85-87. kṛṣṇa — karšnaz.
89-90. nṛ-medha — nərə-miiazdana, (puru)-medha — -miiazdana.
92. śruta-(kakṣa) — srūtō-.
97. kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
98-99. nṛ-medha — nərə-miiazdana.
Book 9 (61 hymns):
2. medha-atithi — mazda-asti.
3. (śunaḥ)-śepa — xšuuaēpa.
5-24. kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
27. nṛ-medha — nərə-miiazdana.
28. priya-medha — friia-miiazdana.
29. nṛ-medha — nərə-miiazdana.
32. śyāvāśva — siiāuuāspi.
33-34. āptya — āθβiia.
35-36. (prabhū)-vasu — vaŋhu/vohu.
41-43. medha-atithi — mazda-asti.
53-60. kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
63-64. kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
68. (vatsa)-prī — -frī.
72. hari-manta — zairi-maṇt.
80-82. vasu — vaŋhu/vohu.
91-92. kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
94. ghora — gaora.
95. pras-(kaṇva) — fraš-.
97. vasu-(kra) — vaŋhu-/vohu-, (karṇa)-śrut — -srūta.
99-100. kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
101. (andhī)-gu — -gu, śyāvāśva — siiāuuāspi, sam-(varaṇa) — ham-.
102. āptya — āθβiia.
103. dvi-(ta) — bi-, āptya — āθβiia.
111. (paruḥ)-śepa — xšuuaēpa.
113-114. kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
Book 10 (89 hymns):
1-7. āptya — āθβiia.
10. yamī — yima, vivasvatī — vīuuaŋvhaṇt.
14. yama— yima, vivasvat — vīuuaŋvhaṇt.
15-19. yama-ayana — yima-aiiana.
20-26. vasu-(kṛt) — vaŋhu/vohu, vasu-(kra) — vaŋhu/vohu, vi-(mada) — vi-.
27-29. vasu-(kra) — vaŋhu/vohu.
37. abhi-(tāpa) — aiβi-.
42-44. kṛṣṇa — karšnaz.
45-46. (vatsa)-prī — -frī.
47. (sapta)-gu — -gu.
54-56. bṛhad-(uktha) — bərəz-.
57-60. bandhu — bзṇduua, (Su)-bandhu — bзṇduua, Śruta-bandhu — srūtō-bзṇduua, (vipra)-bandhu — bзṇduua, (gopa)-ayana — -aiiana.
61-62. nābhānediṣṭha — nabānazdišta.
63-64. gaya — gaiia.
65-66. vasu-(karṇa) — vaŋhu-/vohu-, vasu-(kra) — vaŋhu-/vohu-.
72. (dakṣa)-ayanī — -aiiana.
75. priya-medha — friia-miiazdana.
76. jarat-(karṇa) — zaraθ-.
90. nara-ayana — nərə-aiiana.
96. (sarva)-hari — -zairi.
97. bhiṣag — baēšata.
98. ṛṣṭi-(ṣeṇa) — aršti-.
101. budha — buδra.
102. (bhṛmya)-aśva — -aspa.
103. prati-ratha — paiti-raθa.
104. aṣṭa-(ka) — aštō-.
106. kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
109. ūrdhva-(nābha) — ərəδβa-.
111. aṣṭā-(damṣṭra) — aštō-, vi-(rūpa) — vi-.
112-114. vi-(rūpa) — vi-.
115. (upa)-stuta — - stūt.
118. urukṣaya — uruāxsaiia.
120. bṛhad-(diva) — bərəz-.
122. citra-(mahā) — čiθra-.
128. vi-(havya) — vi-.
130. yajña — -iiasna.
132. nṛ-medha — nərə-miiazdana.
134. (yuvana)-— - aspa.
135. yama-ayana — yima-aiiana.
139. (viśvā)-vasu — -vaŋhu, (deva)-gandharva — -gaṇdərəβa.
144. ūrdhva-(krśana) — ərəδβa-, yama-ayana — yima-aiiana.
147. (su)-vedas — vaēdaŋha.
148. pṛthu — pərəθu.
151. śraddhā — zrazdā, (kāma)-ayanī — -aiiana.
152. śāsa — sāoŋha.
154. yamī — yima, vivasvatī — vīuuaŋvhaṇt.
157. āptya - āθβiia.
163. vi-(vṛhā) — vi-, kaśyapa — kasiiapa.
166. virāj — virāza.
168. (vāta)-ayana — -aiiana.
170. vi-(bhrāj) — vi-.
172. Sam-(varta) — ham-.
174. abhī-(varta) — aiβi-.
175. ūrdhva-(grāvā) — ərəδβa-.
179. uśīnara — aošnara, vasu-manas — vaŋhu/vohu-manah.
186. (vāta)-ayana — -aiiana.
188. śyena — Saēna.
191. sam-(vanana) — ham-.
II-B. The New Meters:
The one class of meters which show clear chronological stages of development in the Rigveda are the dimeters (i.e. meters where every line has basically 8 syllables): there are five dimetric meters in the RV:
Gāyatrī: 8+8+8
Anuṣṭubh: 8+8+8+8
Pankti: 8+8+8+8+8
Mahāpankti: 8+8+8+8+8+8
(Dimeter) Śakvarī: 8+8+8+8+8+8+8
And these dimetric meters appear in the Rigveda in three very clear chronological stages:
1. Gāyatrī primary – anuṣṭubh secondary: The Early and Middle Family Books 2-4, 6-7.
2. Gāyatrī old – anuṣṭubh primary – pankti new: The Late Family Book 5.
3. Gāyatrī, anuṣṭubh & pankti old – mahāpankti & (dimeter) śakvarī new: The Late Non-family Books 1, 8-10.
The gāyatrī and anuṣṭubh meters are found from the very oldest periods of Rigvedic composition but the other three are found only in the New Rigveda and the Redacted Hymns as follows:
Pankti (8+8+8+8+8):
VI. 75.17 (1 hymn, 1 verse).
I. 29; 80-81; 82.1-5; 84.10-12; 105.1-7,9-18 (6 hymns, 57 verses).
V. 6; 7.10; 9.5,7; 10.4,7; 16.5; 17.5; 18.5; 20.4; 21.4; 22.4; 23.4; 35.8; 39.5; 50.5; 52.6,16-17; 64.7; 65.6; 75; 79 (19 hymns, 49 verses).
VIII. 19.37; 31.15-18; 35.22,24; 46.21,24,32; 56.5; 62.1-6,10-12; 69.11,16; 91.1-2 (8 hymns, 24 verses).
IX. 112-114 (3 hymns, 19 verses).
X. 59.8; 60.8-9; 86; 134.7; 145.6; 164.5 (6 hymns, 29 verses).
Mahāpankti (8+8+8+8+8+8):
I. 191.10-12 (3 verses).
VIII. 36.7; 37.2-7; 39; 40.1,3-11; 41; 47 (55 verses).
X. 59.9; 133.4-6; 134.1-6; 166.5 (11 verses).
Dimeter Śakvarī (8+8+8+8+8+8+8):
VIII. 36.1-6; 40.2 (7 verses).
X. 133.1-3 (3 verses).
Apart from these, there are many other meters which appear only in the New Rigveda and Redacted Hymns. As most of them seem to be rare aberrant forms of other meters with 6 or 7 syllables instead of 8, etc., we will only count meters which basically have combinations of 8 and 12 syllables. Many of these are formed by changing the order of the number of syllables in older meters, such as uṣṇik (8+8+12), bṛhatī (8+8+12+8) and satobṛhatī (12+8+12+8):
1. [From uṣṇik (8+8+12)]: purauṣṇik (12+8+8); kakubh (8+12+8).
2. [From bṛhatī (8+8+12+8)]: purastādbṛhatī (12+8+8+8); nyaṅkusāriṇī (8+12+8+8); upariṣṭādbṛhatī (8+8+8+12).
3. [From satobṛhatī (12+8+12+8)]: viparītā (8+12+8+12); prastārapankti (12+12+8+8); āstārapaṅkti (8+8+12+12); saṁstārapaṅkti (12+8+8+12); viṣṭārapaṅkti (8+12+12+8).
4. [other meters]: atyaṣṭi (12+12+8+8 +8+12+8); atidhṛti (12+12+8+8 +8+12+8+8); mahābṛhatī (8+8+8+8+12, or 12+8+8+8+8, or 8+8+12+8+8).
These meters are found in the following hymns (the hymn is counted if even one verse has the meter) in the New Rigveda and the Redacted Hymns:
purauṣṇik (12+8+8):
IV. 57.
VI. 48.
VII. 66.
I. 23.
I. 23
V. 53.
VIII. 4, 28, 30, 70, 97.
IX. 60, 67.
kakubh (8+12+8):
VI. 48.
V. 53.
I. 120.
VIII. 9, 19, 20, 21, 22, 46, 98, 103.
IX. 108.
purastādbṛhatī (12+8+8+8):
X. 17, 22, 93.
nyaṅkusāriṇī (8+12+8+8):
X. 93, 132.
upariṣṭādbṛhatī (8+8+8+12):
VII. 55.
I. 36.
VIII. 46, 97.
X. 126.
viparītā (8+12+8+12):
VIII. 46.
prastārapankti (12+12+8+8):
VII. 96.
I. 88, 164.
X. 18, 93, 132.
āstārapaṅkti (8+8+12+12):
VIII. 10.
X. 21, 24, 170.
saṁstārapaṅkti (12+8+8+12):
VIII. 46.
viṣṭārapaṅkti (8+12+12+8):
X. 140, 144.
atyaṣṭi (12+12+8+8 +8+12+8):
I. 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 139.
IX. 111.
atidhṛti (12+12+8+8 +8+12+8+8):
I. 127.
mahābṛhatī (8+8+8+8+12, or 12+8+8+8+8, or 8+8+12+8+8):
VI. 48.
I. 105, 191.
VIII. 35.
Hymns with new meters will be marked in the hymn-and-verse wise lists (in Section III) in the brackets with a +M along with the number of verses and words, as follows:
e.g. I.29:…. [7 verses, 16 words +C +M].
II-C. The New Words:
The following are the New Words found in the Rigveda:
aṁhūraṇa, aṁhati,
akṣīyamāṇa, akṣṇa, akṣipat, akūpāra, ákṣiti, akramīt,
akhyat,
agnāyī, agrabhīṣma, agnitapa, agadam, agṛbhīta,
aghasya, aghaśaṁsahan,
√aṅkh, aṅgāra, aṅkuśa,
√acchāvad, acchokti, acāriṣam, acikradat,
ajāta, ajaya, ajiraśocis, ajyamāna,
√aṇ,
atra (insatiable), atiruc, atūrta, atirikta, atrivat, atnata, atriṇam, atiṣṭhat, atyavi,
adṛpta, adbhutainasa, adridugdha, adadhā, adriṣuta, adbhutakratu, adatta, advayas, adviṣeṇya, adveṣa/adveṣas,
adhaspada, adhiratha, adhīvāsam, adhyakṣa, adhvaraśrī, adhiṣṭhāna, adhṛṇīyamāna, adhenu, adhrigāva, adhīra,
anat, anasvat, anādhṛṣṭa, aniṣkṛt, anukāma, anubhūti, anumati, anuśāsana, anuṣṭubh, anuvrata, anūka, anūpa, anyaka, anānata, anonavuh, anupūrvam, anāpi, anyavrata, anasthana, antika, anyatra, anuṣṭuti, anaḍvāha, anakṣā, anāśu, antaka,
apasyu, aparīta, apūpa, apsaras, apsah, apsujit, apa, apāmivām, apnasvatī, aparī, apaśrita, apidhāna, apiripta, apṛcha, apavrata, apāvṛta, aparihvṛta, ariṣṭatāti, apada, apaghnat, apuṣpā, apracetas, apodaka,
aphalā,
abdi, abibhyuṣas, abalā, abandhu, abudhna,
abhyañjana, abhidyu, abhidudroha, abhayaṁkara, abhicakṣe, abhicakṣya, abhiceru, abhihita, abhipriya, abhirāṣṭra, abhakṣi, abhuñjat, abhimātihan, abhivrajat, abhiśastipā, abhihruta, abhītya, abhīddha,
amutas, amū, ambara, ambā/ambi, amitrahan, amitrayantam, amātya, amanthata, amīvahan, amantu, amāt, aminatī, ambhas,
ayāsya, ayodaṁṣṭra, ayāman, ayukta,
ara, aratni, araru, ariṣṭanemi, aritra, ardhya, arbhaka, armaka, aruṇapsu, arkin, aruhad, arocata, arepasa, arhaṇā, √arthi, araṭva,
√al, alakam, alātṛṇa, arathā, arādhas,
avyaya, aviddhyat, avacākaśat, avihruta, avasāgamiṣṭha, avayātar, aviṣyu, avidvas, avipra, avasāya, avitrī, avahita,
aśvadā, aśiva, aśvaparṇa, aśastihan, aśru, aśvattha, aśvarādhas, aśvājani, aśmanmaya, √aśvaya, aśatru,
asanā, asau, así, asutṛp, asthan, astṛta, asmadhruk, asreman, asinva, asū, asredhantī, asapatna, aśvahaya, asūdayat, asiṣāsad, aspṛtam, asana,
ahī (fertile cow), ahīśū, ahruta, ahanya, ahaṁya, ahas, ahasta, ahar- (compounds),
ākṛti, ākara, ākṛdhi,
āganma, āghoṣat, āgata,
āṅgūṣya,
ācaraṇa, ācitam,
ājya,
āñjana,
āṇḍa, āṇṛcu,
ātap, ātura, ātmanvat, ātiṣṭhanta,
ādṛtya, ādiśa, ādardira, ādatta, ādediśāna, ādārin,
ādhipatya, ādhya, ādhṛṣe,
āná, āntarikṣād,
āpta, āpapriyas, āpyāyamāna,
ābhu, ābhūṣat
√āmi, āmīṣi, āminat, āmur,
āyuṣak, ayukṣātām, āyata, āyaji, āyayu, āyuyujre,
√āriś, ārtnī, āraṇa, arāttāt, ārabhe, ārabham,
ālākta,
āviśan, āviṣṭya, āvartana, āvadat, āvahantī, āvaya,
āśīrvat, āśvaśva, āśā,
āsīna,
ārambhaṇa.
iddhāgni, iriṇa, √iṣaya, iṣí, íṣṭi, itara, √iṅg, ityai, icchantī, íṣyat, √il, iṣkartā, ikṣvāku, indrāṇī, indrapatnī, iṣudhi, √iṣudhya, ihādya, indrāparvata, indratvota, iṣumat, indrota,
īṣamāṇa, īyuśī, īdṛś, īyamāna, √īkṣ, īṣā, īḷiṣva, īśīya, īrmānyad, īḷīta, īṅkhayantī,
udaya, udumbala, ulūka, ulūkhala, upabda, upabdi, upari, upás, uras, urā, urudhārā, uṣṇih, utsava, ukṣaṇya, udā, udāra, uddhar, upahvara, ubhayatas, udgātar, ulba/ulbaṇa. ukthavāha, ulokakṛt, ulokakṛtnu, ugrabāhu, ukthaśaṁsin, utānvṛtam, udavāha, udā, utānya, udāyana, udānaṭ, urukṣaya, utaidhī, upasthāya, utāntarikṣa, ubjatam, upasecana, upāṁśu, ubhayāvin, upaśruti, udīrayat, uttiṣṭhat, √udanya, udṛci, udbhid, upajagmivas, upanīta, upadṛk, upabarhaṇa, upastutya, ubhayāhasta, urujrayasam, uṣām, udara, uṣṭra,
ūcase, ūna, ūru, ūhe, ūrjāhuti, ūvadhyam, ūrṇamradā, ūrṇāvat, ūrjasvat, ūrmiṇam,
ṛjīti, ṛbīsa, ṛbhhvas, ṛcīṣama, ṛśya, ṛṣu, ṛkṣa, ṛtvīya, ṛṇāvā, ṛtuśas, ṛndhat, ṛṣṭividyut, ṛksāman, ṛtaspṛś, ṛghāvat, ṛghāyamāṇa, ṛbhvam, ṛṣikṛt, √ṛjūya,
enī, etā, edha, evayā, etādṛk, evendrāgni, etave, ekaja, ekam-eka, eṣe, eyuṣī, evathā,
aiḷa, aiṣu,
odatī, oṇi, odana, ohāna, ojodā, óman,
kabandha/kavandha, kakud, kakṣya, kalā, kali, kalyāṇa, kanā, kani=kanīna, kapi, kapila, karuṇa, kaṭuka, kavatnu, kadrū, kadha, kanīnaka, karkandhu, kavya, kapṛtha, kathám (kim), kaṇva, kaṇūka, karañja, karambhin, kati (kim), kaya (kim), kavineṣita, karmāra, kakṣya, karkarī, kaśā, kadrū, kapota,
kāṇa, kāṭa, kārṣman, kāśi, kāti,
kilbiṣa, kimīdin, kilāsa,
kīlāla, kīriṇa, kīkasā, kīnāśa, kīrtenyam,
kucara, kula, √kuṇḍ, kurīra, kuru, kuṭa, √kup=kopi, kumāraka, kumārin, kumbha,
kūla, kūpa,
kṛcchra, kṛpaṇa, kṛpīṭa, kṛtha, kṛntatra, kṛpamāṇa, kṛṣi, kṛpaya, kṛtrima, kṛtvan, kṛtvī, kṛṣṇa, kṛpa, klośa,
ketumat, keśinī, ketave,
koka,
krakṣa, kravi/kravya, √klp, krāṇā, krīḷi, krīḷu, kramiṣṭa, kruddha, krandat, krāmema,
kṣata, kṣadman, kṣayadvīra, √kṣubh-, kṣudra, kṣura, kṣetravid, kṣaitra, kṣetrād, kṣamā, kṣīyanta, kṣapāvat, kṣīra,
khadira, √khaṇḍ-, khara, kharva, khala,
khāta, khidra, √khud, khedā, khyai,
gadam, galdā, √gavyaya, gavyaya, gardabha, garutmat, gaviṣṭhira, gaṇaśrī, gahana, gantāra, gargara, garbhiṇī, gatvāya, gantavai, gamyā, gandha/gandhi,
gāyatrī, gāyatra, gātra, gārhapatya, gaṇaśrī, gātuvid, √gātuya, gātha/gāthā,
girijā, giriṣṭhā, girvaṇastama,
gīta,
√gu/gū(jogū), √gup, gudā, guṇgū, guṣpita,
gūrti,
gṛhāṇa, gṛṇīṣanī, gṛṇatsu, gṛhapatnī, gṛdhnu,
geha,
goduh, gopītha, gośarya, govid, goparīṇas, goṣā, goṣāti, godhā, gośrīta, gopa, gosakhā,
grasitā, graha, grāhi, grīṣma, grabhaṇa, granthim, gmas, grathita, grāmaṇī,
√ghrā, ghṛṇi, ghoracakṣ, ghṛṣu. ghṛtāhavana, ghanighnad, ghāsi,
√cal, camūṣad, candramas, caramá, caritra, caru, carācara, caturakṣa, cattā, catantam, cakamāna, cakṣadāna, catuṣpadī, candrāgrā, carṣaṇīsah, cacakṣa, canāmamad, carkṛti, cakṣaṇa, caráse,
cāṣa, cārutama, -cārin,
cikitvinmanas, citrarādhas, cikit,
cetiṣṭha, cetas, cettṛ, cetuna, caidya,
codayanmati,
chubuka, chinna, chāga, chidra, chanda, chadis.
jaghana, √jañj, √jakṣ, jarāyu, jatru, jaraṇā, jalāṣabheṣaja, jagmathu, javīyas, janayathā, jarat, jarā, jahita, jagamyāt, jayantam, jayantī, jayathā, jamadagni, jalpi, janitva, jagdhvāya,
jārayat, jāmitva, jāna, jāspatya, -jāni, jāḥ, jāyú, jāgṛhi, jāmātar,
jinvat, jigatnava, jihāna
jīvana, jīmūta, jīvadhanyā, jīvātu, jīvat,
juṣṭvī,
jūrṇa, jūjuvāna,
jenyāvasu, jeṣa,
jaitra,
jogū,
jñāti, jyotiṣkṛt, jyotiragrā, jyotīratha, jrayasāna,
talpa, tantra, tapurjambha, tatá, tarturāṇa, taruṣa, tatsāra, tarīṣaṇi, tavāham, tasthuṣa, tatanāma, tatṛṣāṇam, takvan, tapūṣim, tastabhāna, tanūtyaja, tanūkṛt, tapat, tapuṣi, √taviṣa,
tāṛah, tārkṣya, tānva,
titviṣāṇa, tiṣṭhat, tiṣṭhamāna, tiṣya,
tīkṣṇa,
tucchya, tuce, tugrya, turvaṇe, √tuṣ, tuvigrīva, tuviṣṭam, tuvīmagha, tujyā,
tūrṇyartha, tūtujāná,
tṛṇa, tṛpala, tṛpti, tṛṣnaj, tṛṣita, √tṛṁha, tṛṣyat, tṛkṣi, tṛḷha,
tokman, taugrya,
trāman, triṣṭubh, triṣvā, trivṛṭ, tryambaka, tviṣīmat, tvāgni, tvadrik, tvāvṛdha, trāyadhva, tvoti, triśīrṣan, trāsadasyava, triṣadhasthá,
daṁsiṣṭha, dan, daṇḍa, darbha, darvi, darśana, dadhan/dadhi, dadhyañc, dat, dasyuhan (as opposed to dasyughna), dasyuhatyā, dakṣapitar, dadhŕṣ, dabhracetas, dadhātana, dardṛhī, dahat, dakṣasādhana, darman, dadhanvas (from √dhan), dabhya, daśataya, daśavraja, dádāna,
dāśuri, dātivāra, dāḥ, dānucitrā,
divitmat, diṣṭa, didṛkṣeṇya,
dīrghaśruttama, dīrghāyu, dīdyāgni, dīvi, dīrghatamas, dīrghaśravas, dīdiyus,
durhaṇā, duryoṇa, dundubhi, durmarṣa, durādharṣam, durvidatra, duṣvapnya, duroṣa, durṇāman, durmada, durmanman, durgṛbhi, durhṛṇāyu, durvidatra, duvasyu, duritāti, duhát, duhāná, √ducchunāya, duṣkŕt (evil-doer), duṣṭutí, durukta,
dūrvā, dūraka,
dṛhya, dṛṣṭvāya, dṛśāná,
devavī, devāvī, devavyacastama, devayajyā, devapsaras, devajā, devajāta, devattam, devapatnī, devamādana, devaśrut, devavyacastama, devabhakta, dediṣṭa, devadhā, devayānī, dediśat,
dóha/dóhas, dohana,
√drāgh, dvayu, √drā, druṇa/druṇā/druṇi, drupadá, drughaṇa, dravitnu, dravatpāṇi, dvijanma, dyumnavat, dviśat, dyumattama, dyutadyāman, dyumni(n)tama, dvārā, druṣad, dvitá (name), dvīpa,
dhanus, dharṇasi, dhartāra, dhattana, dharyaśva, dhanutrī, dharmán,
dhārayatkṣiti, dhātave (dhe), dhātā,
√dhiyāya, dhiyasāna,
dhījavana, dhīyate, dhīyamāna,
dhūmaketu,
dhṛtadakṣa, dhṛṣita, dhṛṣanmanas,
dhrāji, dhvānta,
naḷa/naḍa, namasyu, √nand, naviṣṭha, nadīvṛt, naktoṣāsā, nabhoja, navīyasī, nabhantām, naptī, nahuṣyá, nāhuṣī,
nāḍī/nāḷī, √nāth, nāva, nāvyā, nārṣad, nāsunvatā, nāpara, nārāśaṁsa,
√niṁs, nimruc, nindya, niṣatta, niṣṭatakṣa, niyānam, niruddha, niṣṭatakṣa, nigut, nidhāna, niṣaṅgin, niṣṭya, niṣṭatakṣa, niṣṣāṭ, niṣṭhā, nidita, niṣasāda, niṣīdat, nidrā, nigūḷha, nicāyya, nidhayā, nivṛta, niṣkṛti, niṣadanam, nimiṣat,
nīcīna,
nṛmādana, nṛṣāha, nṛṁh, nṛpāyya, ṇṛpātā, nṛvāhasā,
nediyas, net (lest), neṣatha,
nokṣaṇa, nodha,
nyak (adv.), nyokas,
pajra, pakṣa, panāyya, paṅkti, parācá, parśāna, patheṣṭhām, pavamāna, pavīrava, payovṛdh, patsutas, parṣṇi, padyamāna, palāśa, pacanam, parāyaṇa, pariṣkṛta, paripada, paripūta, √panasya, pariṣuta, padābharat, patayiṣṇu, parāṇude, pariprīta, paribādha, pariṣūti, parisruta, parjanyavāta, parṇin, parṇaya, parvaśas, panīyas, parijmāna, papṛcāna, parīyasa, partṛbhis, padiṣṭa, padvatī, parasyāntara, pacyamāna, paridīya, patantī, pavitravat, pacatá, paḍbīśa, panipnat, pavasta, parṣa,
pārāvata, pārṣṇi, pāṁsu, pāṣya, pānta, pākatrā,
piṇḍa, pippala, piśāci, √pibd, piyāru, pinaṣṭi, pitṛvat, pitṛṣad, pibdanā, piprīhi, pipṛhi, pitubhṛta, piprat,
pīvarī, pītvā, pīpivāṁsam, pīvas,
pulu-, puṇḍarīka, puṇya, putriṇam, purāṇavat, purūtama, purubhūtama, purogā, punarbhū, purīṣin, puruniṣṭha, purūravas, puṣkara, puruṣanti, purumīḷha, purūru, puṣṭivardhana, puroratha, purumitra,
pūrvacitti, pūrvāpīti, √pūj, pūrvyastuti, pūyamāna, pūrbhidam, pūrvathā, pūtadakṣasaḥ, pūrtam,
pṛśana, pṛtsuti, pṛśnimātara, pṛthi, pṛthī, pṛtanāṣah, pṛṣṭi.
pyāyāsva,
pra, prabharman, prakāśa, prasādhana, prasravaṇa, praṣṭi, prayuj, pratīvya, praśāsana, pravatvat, prasakṣiṇa, pratīvya, pratnasyaukasa, pratikāma, pratimā, prayoga, prasādhana, pramṛṇat, pramud, praśis, pratiṣṭhā, pradhana, prayati, pravaṇa, pravidvam, pravá, prasāha, pramahas, pramandu, pratvakṣas, prabhuvāṇa, práth, pratūrti, prajānatīva, pratarītā, prabudh, prapada, pratyardhi, pracodayat, pracakṣi, prasarga, prayai, prahūyase, prabhartar,
prāvarga, prārya, prāsāvi, prātaḥsāva, prāvṛṣ, prāyu, prātaryuj, prāvṛta,
priya- (compounds except priyamedha taken separately), prāṇa,
pṛdāku,
prehi, preyas, praüga, proṣṭha,
√plu,
phaliga, phena, phāla,
bahudhā, bakura, balbaja, basta, baṭ, bapsat, bahupāyya, baddham, barhiṣmat, bahvī, baladā, balavat, bandhá,
bāḷha, bāṇa, bāra, bāhu- (compounds), bādhá, bādhé,
bila, bisa, bibheda, bibhyat,
bībhatsu, bīja,
bunda, budbuda,
bṛhadbhānu, bṛsaya, bṛhaduktha, bṛhacchravas, bṛhatī (meter),
bekanāṭa,
bodhí, bodhayoṣa, bodhinmanas,
brahmodyatam, brahmapriya, bruvat,
bhaṅga, bhaṅgura, bhala, bhartā, bhasman, bhaṁsas, bhandiṣṭha, bhasad, bhavya, bhargas, bharahūti, bhagavatī, bhakti, bhandanā, bharīman, bharṇas, bharāgni, bhaktvāya,
bhāsvat, bhāgadheya, bhāmin,
bhikṣā, √bhiṣajya, bhittvā,
bhīṣaṇa, bhīta,
bhuji,
bhūyiṣṭha, bhūti, bhūtvā/bhūtvī, bhūridāvattara,
bhṛti, bhṛṣṭi,
bhoga (enjoyment), bhoga (snake's coils), bhojya, bhojase,
bhrūṇa, bhrātṛtva, bhrātṛvya,
madacyut, madintama, mahādhana, mahāmaha, majjan, √makhasya, mala, manā, √manasy, manoyuj, maṇḍūka, maṅgala, marīci, mastiṣka, matasna, mathra, mamaka, mayā/mayi, maghatti, marudgaṇa, marutaṁ-gaṇam, marutsakhā, mahiṣī, √mantri, made-made, madhuvarṇa, makṣā, mastiṣka, makṣūtama, madvan, madhujihva, madhuvāhana, mandhātar, mamṛvas, mamed, manvāna, mamandu, √mahīya, mahinaḥ, mandayat, matsarintama, madhūyu, manyumat, mánuṣa, marjayat, marjya, marmṛjāna, mahemati, manāv, manotarā, matá, -manyu (compounds),
māmaka, mātalī, mānuṣe-jane, √mā (animal sound), māṁsa, māku, mādayiṣṇu, mātṛtama, māndārya, mānya, māmahasva, mānavī, mārutī, māyinī,
mitrāryama, mitrasyāryama, mimyakṣa, mitrā (pl.=mitra-varuṇa), mitriṇa, mitriya, miyedhya, mitvā,
mīl, mīḷhuṣmat,
muñja, mugdha, muṣya, mud, mudgala, muṣka, muṣya
mūla, mūṣa, mūradeva, mūjavat,
mṛtyubandhu, mṛkṣa, mṛḷayat, mṛjyamāna, mṛjāna, mṛṣṭa,
medhasāti, medhya, medin, √mena, meṣa,
mogha, modamāna,
√mnā,
yakṣma, yavamat, yathāpūrva, yajus, yantra, yajñasyādhvara, yavīyudh, yajñapati, yatrāmṛta, yantura, yahvatī, yayāti, yathānā, yathāsatha, yahīndra, yajñanī, yajvarī, yavasād, yaśastara, yajñasādhana, yaṣṭave, yaśasvatī, yahu,
√yāc, yāmahūtama, yāmahūti, yātudhāna, yāvānam, yātumat, yātave, yātavan, yātá,
√yucch, yukti, yuktvā, yuvaśa, yuṣmādatta, yuddha, yudhaye, yuyudhi, yudhvan, yuyutsat, yuyotana, yuktvāya,
yūpa, yūthya,
yemātur,
yogakṣema, yor,
rajata, rathaspati, √ramb, rasin, raghudru, raghuvartani, rathaprā, √ratharya, rakṣasvina, ratheśubham, rathaṁtara, radhracodana, rasavat, rarāvan, ratnadhātama, ratirāsa, rabhasvat, raghupatvan, rayiṣāṭ, rakṣita, raṁhamāṇa, ravátha,
rājanya, rākā, rāsabha, rātri, rājase, rādhá, rājaka, rāṣṭṛ, rāspa-, rāma,
riśādas, ripra,
rīradhatam, rītyāpa,
ruru, rudravartani, √ruṣ, √ruvaṇya, rurojitha, rukmin, ruta, rucaḥ, ruśama, ruśatī,
rebha,
romaśa, roruvat, rohiṇī,
raivata, raudra, √rai,
√labh, lalāma, lakṣmī, lāṅgala, lāya, liṅga, √lubh, lohita, loka, loma, lopāśa, logam,
vacaná, vacovid, vadhūyu, vaṁsaga, vaṁsu, √vaṇij, vanargu, vaniṣṭhu, vaṅku, vaṅkuta, vasanta, vasavāna, vasyaiṣṭi, vasutti, vatsara, vartikā, vagnu, vayā (refreshment), varivovid, valgu, vaśa, vasutvana, varatra, vajradakṣiṇam, vagvana, vanaskṛt, vayovṛdh, vastu, √varasya, vardhat, varṣya, vaṁsva, vahatva, vasudhitī, vanatam, vanīyas, vanu, vananvat, vanína, vaniṣṭhu, vayas (bird), varṣmāṇa, vasuvittama, varṣanirṇij, vandya, vandanaḥ, vayaskṛt, vápat, vapuṣṭama, √vam, varimán, varivodhā, varāha/varāhu,
vāsara, vātāpi, vātāpya, vātatviṣ, √vāñch, vājadā, vājadāvan, vājasani, vāvadat, vājavatī, vājintama, vāvadat, vādhryaśva, vāvasu, vātaraṁhas, vāmī , vāra (time), vāśīmat, vājambhara,
vibhūta, vidyāmeṣam, vijaya, vikaṭa, vimada, vimahas, √vindh, viśpalā, viśvaścandra, viṣpardhas, viṣṇāpu, viṣtap, vivrata, viṣa (servant), vicakra, viśvapeśasa, vidadvas, viśvadarśata, viśvatomukha, vikramaṇam, viśvagūrta, vicākaśat, vipravīra, visarjana, virukmat, vitaraṇa, vidhātā, vipratama, vibhindat, vibhindu, vibhrājat, vibhvāsaha, virokin, virocamāna, viśya, viśvaka, viśvakarmā, viśvatur, viśvadānīm, viśvād, viśvabheṣaja, viśvadoha, viśvabhoja, viśvamanas, visarga, vivici, viduṣī, vivyāca, viṣpatnī, vijñāna, vimanas, vicarat, vibhvī, viṣṭambha, vivakṣaṇa, vibodhana, vidyā, viśvāvasu, viśvasaubhaga, viṣūvat, vimāya, vicinvat, vighnat,
vīḷupavibhi, vīrayu, vīrapatnī , vīḷvāṅga, vīraka, √vīri,
vṛścika, vṛṣṭimat, vṛṣṭidyo, vṛṣendra, vṛṣaṇvasu, vṛṣaratna, vṛddhaśavasa, vṛṇakṣi, vṛṣajūti, vṛṣakratu, vṛtrahantama, vṛṣāyamāṇa, vṛtvā, vṛṣaṇaśva, vṛṣaṇvat, vṛtta, vṛtraghna (as opposed to vṛtrahan), vŕṣṇi, vṛṣṇí (name), vṛkka,
vedhā, veṇū, venat, vena, venā, vedana, vettha,
vailasthāna, vaira, vaiśanta, vaiśya,
vyañjana, vrāta, √vrādh, vyūrṇvatī, vyaśva, vyatīn, vyasta, vyāná,
śabala, śakaṭa, śakvarī, śakuni, śalya, śapatha, śara, śarabha, śarvarī, śarya, śaryāta, śavasī, śavīra, śataśārada, śataparvaṇā, śatāmagha, śatabhuji, śatavat, śatavāja, śatātman, śaṁtāti, śaṁtāti, śaśīyas, śardhya, śavasāva, śaravya, śárdhas, śatrutva, śákti, śanaih, śacīvasu, śasana, śaphāruj, śaśayāna,
śāci, śāsya, śāsat, śāsus, śāstra,
√śilp-, śiṁśapā, śiṁśumāra, śiñjāra, śiśāna, śikṣamāṇa, śiśnatha, śivatama, śipriṇī , śiśumat, śita, śiśriyāṇa, śiṣṭa, √śiñj
śīrṣam, śīpāla, śīrṣaṇya,
śuka, śucadratha, śubhri, śuśrūya, śuśukvas, śubhas-patī, śucayat,
śūdra, śūṣya, śūrapatnī,
śepa,
śociṣṭha, śośucat, śoka (from √śuc),
śrotra, √śrī, śravāyya, śrutkarṇa, śreyāṁsa, śreṣṭhavarcas, śruṣṭimat, √śvas, śrāya, śrāvayat, śvānta, √śvāñc, śvāpada, √śyai=sīt-, śyenābhṛta, śnathita, śnathitṛ, śriyase, śrutvā, śrutaratha, śrutarvan, śyāva, śyāvá (name), śyāvāśva, śvitra, śvitna, śvātṛ,
saktha/sakthi, sam, samakṣa, samayā, sanadvāja, saṅkā, satas, satīna, satvaná, samrājñī, saṁgama/saṁgamana, sanābhi, samīcīna, sarasvat, saṁdhi, √sagh, saṁjagmāna, sarvadhā, satyadharma, sahasrajit, sakhā-sakhibhyaḥ, sadāvṛdha, sampṛkta, saptasvasā, samudrasyādhi, samiti, sahasrākṣa, saptīvanta, sakhitvana, sacatha, sacamāna, satyamanman, satyaśruta, sattra, sadyaūti, sanyas, saptapadī, sayāvan, sayāvarī, sahasrapād, sahasramuṣka, sahasravāja, sahasraśṛṅga, sahasraūti, sahasrasāva, saraṇyu, saraṇyū, sahaskṛta, saniṣyu, saṁvivyāna, satyaśavasā, sarvagaṇam, saptavadhri, saptahotā, sanakāt, sasāra, samasmāt, saparyanta, sanutrī, saṁnaddha, saprathastama, sahyas, sahīyas, sahantya, sanitva, saṁvat, saṁskṛta, saṁvid, saṁśiśāna, saṁvarga, saṁvāda, saṁjānānā, saṁhita, saṁvanana, saṁgatyām, saṁvaraṇa, saṁśiśvan, saṁstha, sakṣit, saṁcaraṇe, sácanas, sadṛṅṅ, sadmānam, saptamātā, saptatantu, sapatnahan, sabharas, sayuj, samañjat, sarpa, sarvátas, sahaḥ, sahadeva, sahojā, sahāvān, sahasradā, sahasradāna, saptaṛṣi, samā,
sālāvṛka, sāyam, sāra, sāsaha, sāragha, sādhya, sādhuyā, sārameya,
sinīvālī, √sidh, sica, sima, sivyat, sikta,
sītā, sīra,
sudyut, sugmya, sumanasyamāna, suṣṭhu, suṣumna, supūrṇa, sugavya, subrahman, supraketa, suhūta, sudraviṇas, sudruva, sunvāna, sukhādi, suhastya, surūpa, sugabhasti, subhadra, sumitra, suśarmāṇam, suṣamidhā, surāti, sudhanva, sukṛttara, sudāstara, sudeva, sudevī, suparṇī, suṣāman, sudakṣiṇa, súnītī, subarhis, subāhu, sumitā, sumnayat, sumnāyat, surukmā, suvarcas, suvarṇā, suvasaná, suvrata, suśamī, suṣaṁsad, suṣakhi, suṣaha,
sūryamāsā, sūnā, sūracakṣas, sūnṛtāvat, sūyata, sūpāyana, sūryatvac, sūkara, sūktavāc, sūcī,
sṛka, sṛpradānu,
senayāgni, sehāna,
somapṛṣṭha, somapāvan, so (tad), somaśita, somakāma, sobharī, somapītha, sotva,
saubhagatva,
√snih, sthana, steya, svātata, svādu, syāla, sthūri, smṛta, srakva, svastidā, svayukti, svasantam, svasetu, svarvatī, stoṣad, sthātāva, √skand, svāna, svastigā, sveda, svādīyas, stīrṇabarhis, skabhāyat, svakṣatra, syandrā, svādhya, stipā, svara (from √svṛ), stomya, srotas, sthāman, spandana, srāma, svayambhū, svagni, svani, svapat, svari, svastimat, svarpati, stave, syūmaraśmi, skabhita, stubh, (except triṣṭubh and anuṣṭubh taken separately), stáva, svāhākṛti, svādman, stukā, strī, sthūṇa,
hánta, hatvāya, haridrāva, haviṣkṛta, haviṣkṛti, hariśrī, haryatā, hantavā, hariṇa, hariṇī, havyasūd, hanman, hastagṛhya, hatvā, hátha, hariścandra, hastayata, háya (√hi), harṣyā,
himá, √hinv, hiraṇyavartani, hiraṇyapeśasa, hitaprayas, hitvā, hinvat, hiraṇyavat, hiraṇyanirṇij, √hiraṇyaya, hiriśmaśru, hiraṇyahasta, hitvāya, hiraṇyakeśa,
huraścita, huvadhyai,
hūta,
hṛtsu, hṛdya,
hetāram,
hotrāvid,
hṛṇīyamāna, hṛdya,
heman, hemanta,
hrāduni, hradā, hyas.
SECTION III. THE HYMN-AND-VERSE WISE LIST OF NEW WORDS AND OTHER NEW ELEMENTS.
BOOK II - REDACTED HYMNS.
32. 1. pratara, avitrī. 2. sumnāyat. 4. rākā, sivyat. 5. upāgahi. 6. sinīvālī . 7. viṣpatnī, sinīvālī, subāhu. 8. indrāṇī, rākā, sinīvālī, guṅgu. [7 verses, 14 words].
41. 4. mamed. 5. sthūṇa. 7. nṛpāyya. 8. vṛṣaṇvasu. 9. piśaṅga, varivovid. 12. āśā. 15. marudgaṇa. 16. ambā, ambi. 20. √sidh. 21. ihādya. [10 verses, 12 words].
42. 1. maṅgala, śakuni, aritra, prabruvāṇa. 2. maṅgala, íṣumat. 3. maṅgala, gṛhāṇa, śakunti. [3 verses, 9 words].
43. 1. triṣṭubh, śakunti, gāyatra. 2. śiśumat, puṇya, udgātar, sarvátas. 3. āsīna, āvadat, śakuni, karkari. [3 verses, 11 words].
TOTAL: 4/4 hymns, 23 verses, 46 words.
BOOK III - REDACTED HYMNS.
26. 1. nicāyya. 3. krandat. 4. ayukṣata. 5. svāna, varṣanirṇija. 6. vrāta, gantāra. 9. śatadhāra, akṣīyamānā. [6 verses, 9 words].
27. 1. abhidyu. 7. pracodayat. 8. dhīyate. 10. sahaskṛta. 11. yantura. [5 verses, 5 words].
28. 1. prātaḥśāva. 2. pariṣkṛta, pacatá. 4. bhāgadheyam. [3 verses, 4 words].
29. 1. bharāgni, viṣpatnī, pūrvathā. 2. garbhiṇī. 6. tṛṇa, dahat. 8. devāvī. 11. āsura. 13. asreman. 14. saptahotā, arocata, sanakāt 15. dyumnavat. [8 verses, 13 words].
30. 3. vrāta, ṛghāvat. 5. kāśi. 6. pramṛṇat. 7. abhakta, adadhā, geha, sahasradāna. 8. ahasta, piyāru, durhaṇā. 10. alātṛṇa. 11. utantarikṣa, sayuj. 12. diṣṭa. 14. adadhā, svādman. 15. niṣaṅgin, dṛhya. 17. mūla, tapuṣi. 21. dardṛhi. [12 verses, 22 words].
31. 1. śāsat, naptī, adhyasthā. 2. ṛndhat, nidhāna, tānva. 3. dharyaśva. 4. jaitra, udāyana. 5. dhanutrī. 7. asūdayat, vipratama, √makhasya. 9. asiṣāsad. 10. niṣṭhā. 11. svādman. 12. āsīna. 13. śiśnatha. 14. āganma, vṛtraghna. 16. viśvaścandra. 17. vasudhitī. 19. sanyas. 20. pipṛhi. 21. dediṣṭa. [17 verses, 25 words].
34. 1. vidadvasu. 2. √makhasya. 9. prārya, bhoga. 10. bibheda. [4 verses, 5 words].
36. 4. vivyāca. 5. vājadā. 8. vivyāca, hradā. 9. dharyaśva. [4 verses, 5 words +C].
38. 1. jihāna. 4. ātiṣṭhanta. 6. gandharva. 9. tasthuṣa. [4 verses, 4 words].
48. 1. kanīna, giriṣṭhā, prabhartar, pratikāma. 2. ajayathā. 3. upasthāya. 4. muṣya. [4 verses, 7 words].
51. 2. vājasani, pūrbhidam, śākin. 3. √panasya, ākara, abhimātihan, stubh. 6. bodhí. 7. śaryāta. 9. dātivāra. 10. rādhá. [6 verses, 11 words].
52. 1. apūpa, karambhin. 2. pacatá. 3. vadhūyu. 4. prātaḥśāva. 5. tūrṇyartha, vṛṣāyamāṇa. 6. māmahasva. 7. apūpa. [7 verses, 8 words].
53. 1. vāmī, indrāparvata. 2. sica, phena. 5. nidhāna, rāsabha, yāhīndra. 6. nidhāna, kalyāṇa. 7. sahasrasāva. 9. devajā. 10. pakṣa. 15. jamadagni. 16. jamadagni. 17. īṣā, ariṣṭanemi. 18. baladā. 19. sāram, spandana, khadira, śiṁśapā. 21. padiṣṭa, prāṇa. 23. gardabha. [14 verses, 24 words].
62. 1. tujyā. 8. vadhūyu. 10. bhargas. 13. gātuvid. 17. drāgh. 18. jamadagni. [6 verses, 6 words].
TOTAL: 14/14 hymns, 100 verses, 148 words + 1 C.
BOOK IV - REDACTED HYMNS.
15. 3. akramīt. 7. hūta, sahadeva. 8. sahadeva. 9. dīrghāyu, sahadeva. 10. dīrghāyu, sahadeva. [5 verses, 8 words].
30. 5. vanu. 7. manyumat. 8. strī, durhaṇā. 9. √mahīya. 10. śiśnatha. 11. sasāra. 13. vedana. 18. citraratha. 19. jahita. 20. aśmanmaya. 21. hátha. 23. āminat. [12 verses, 13 words].
31. 1. sadāvṛdha. 4. vṛtta. 5. abhakṣi. 9. āmur. 11. divitmat. 14. √aśvaya. 15. upari. [7 verses, 7 words].
32. 1. saraṇyu. 2. ghāsi. 3. śaśīyas, √vrādh. 5. anādhṛṣṭa. 10. abhītya. 12. aiṣu. 16. vadhūyu. 17. vyatīn. 23. kanīnaka, arbhaka, drupadá [9 verses, 12 words].
37. 4. śucadratha, vājintama. 6. medhasāti. 7. tarīṣaṇi, āśā, yaṣṭave. 8. maghatti. [4 verses, 7 words].
48. 2. manoyuja. 3. vasudhitī , viśvapeśasa. [2 verses, 3 words].
50. 1. triṣadhasthá. 2. supraketa. 3. khāta, adridugdha, ṛtaspṛś. 5. stubh, phaliga. 6. havyasūd. 8. viśvadānīm. 10. vṛṣaṇvasu. [7 verses, 10 words].
55. 1. sahīyas. 2. vidhātā. 5. mitriya. 6. saniṣyu, saṁcaraṇe. [4 verses, 5 words].
56. 1. rucaḥ, śucayat. 2. aminatī, śucayat. 7. piprat. [3 verses, 5 words].
57. 1. īdṛś. 4. varatra, lāṅgala, √iṅg. 6. sītā. 7. sītā, samā. 8. phāla, kīnāśa. [5 verses, 9 words +M].
58. 1. upāṁśu. 2. √vam. 3. śīrṣa. 4. vena, niṣṭatakṣa. 5. hṛdya, vetasa, pūyamāna. 6. samyak, īṣāmāṇa. 8. kalyāṇa. 9. sūyata. [8 verses, 12words].
TOTAL: 11/11 hymns, 66 verses, 91 words + 1 M.
BOOK VI - REDACTED HYMNS.
15. 3. taruṣa, parasyāntara. 5. tatṛṣāṇam. 6. gṛṇīṣaṇī. 10. avidvas. 16. ūrṇāvat. 17. atharvan. 19. sthūri, gārhapatya. [7 verses, 9 words].
16. 1. mānuṣe-jane. 3. vettha. 5. tṛḷha. 12. śravāyya. 13. amanthata, atharvan, puṣkara. 14. atharvan, dadhyañc. 15. dasyuhan. 16. dāḥ. 18. akṣipat, pūrtam. 20. astṛta. 24. mārutaṁ-gaṇam. 25. √iṣaya. 28. atriṇam. 32. duṣkŕt. 33. sahantya. 37. sahaskṛta. 38. ghṛṇi. 39. śarya, vaṁsaga, rurojitha. 41. vasuvittama. 46. īḷīta. 48. √tṛṁha, vṛtrahantama. [21 verses, 28 words].
44. 1. dyumnavat. 5. sakṣit. 9. √sidh, dyumattama. 10. radhracodana. 17. ādediśāṇa. 18. jeṣa. 19. vṛṣaratha. 22. aśiva. 23. adadhā, nigūḷha. 24. skabhāyat, yantra. [10 verses, 13 words].
45. 1. súnītī . 2. avipra, anāśu. 3. kṣīyanta. 5. īdṛś. 6. ukthaśaṁsina, pṛtanāṣah. 9. anānata. 12. śravāyya. 14. amitrahan. 16. vṛṣakratu. 20. girvaṇastama. 22. śākin. 24. dasyuhan. 29. purūtama. 33. sahasradā. [14 verses, 16 words].
46. 1. araru. 3. mahādhana, sahasramuṣka. 4. ghṛṣu, ṛcīṣama. 6. carṣaṇīsah, √pibd, suṣaha. 7. nāhuṣī. 8. turvaṇe, nṛsāhya, tṛkṣi. 9. svastimat. 11. parṇin. 13. mahādhana. 14. svani, āmīṣ, pravaṇa, klośa. [10 verses, 19 words].
47. 1. svādu, rasavat. 2. svādu. 4. varṣmāṇa, varimán. 7. súnītī. 8. loka. 10. jīvātu. 12. trāman. 13. trāman. 17. tarturāṇa, anubhūti, cakṣaṇa. 19. dviśat, pakṣa, āsīna. 20. aṁhūraṇa, āganma. 22. agrabhīṣma. 23. piṇḍa. 24. atharvan. 26. vīḷvāṅga, saṁnaddha. 29. dundubhi, √ sidh, √śvas. 30. dundubhi. 31. aśvaparṇa, amū, ketumat, dundubhi. [18 verses, 31 words].
48. 3. śośucat. 4. vaṁsva. 5. piprat. 9. tuce. 10. partṛbhis. 13. viśvadoha, viśvabhoja. 18. supūrṇa, dadhan. 20. vāmī. 21. carkṛti. [9 verses, 11 words +M].
49. 1. sumnayat, suvrata. 2. adṛpta. 3. vicarat. 4. dyutadyāman, rathaprā. 5. virukmata. 6. satyaśruta. 7. pavīrava, durādharṣam, vīrapatnī. 8. candragrā. 9. sugabhasti, ṛbhvam. 10. kavineṣitaḥ, suṣumna. 11. √varasya. 12. vacaná. [12 verses, 18 words].
50. 2. dvijanma, dakṣapitara. 3. suṣumna. 4. bādhá. 5. śrutvā, mimyakṣa. 8. jagamyāt. 12. mīḷhuṣmat, parjanyavāta, vidhātā. [6 verses, 10 words].
51. 3. gopa. 4. riśādas, suvasaná. 6. rīradhatam. 9. urucakṣas. 10. śreṣṭhavarcas. 11. suśarmāṇam. 12. sadmānam. 13. abhidyu. 14. sakhitvana, vāvasu. 15. atriṇam. 16. svastigā. [11 verses, 13 words].
52. 3. tapuṣi, abhiśastipā. 5. viśvadānīm, avasāgamiṣṭha, ohāna. 6. avasāgamiṣṭha,. 11. marudgaṇa. 15. iṣí, mahinaḥ. [5 verses, 9 words].
59. 2. baṭ. 6. vāvadat, padvatī, akramīt. 7. mahādhana. 10. ukthavāha. [4 verses, 6 words].
60. 5. īdṛś. 10. īḷiśva. 12. vājavatī. 13. huvadhyai. [4 verses, 4 words].
61. 1. vadhryaśva. 2. bisa, pārāvata. 3. bṛsaya. 4. avitrī. 7. hiraṇyavartani, vṛtraghna. 8. roruvat, ahruta. 10. stomya, saptasvasā. 13. upastutya. [8 verses, 12 words].
74. 2. parācá. 4. sumanasyamāna, √gup, háya (√hi). 24. proṣṭi. [3 verses, 5 words].
75. 1. jīmūta. 2. dhanus. 3. √śiñj. 4. ārtnī. 5. saṅkā, ālākta, bahvī, iṣudhi. 6. tiṣṭhat. 7. prapada. 8. sumanasyamāna. 9. satás, vrāta, svādu, śaktivat, kṛcchra. 11. saṁnaddha. 12. ṛjīti, bhoga. 13. aśvajani, jaghána. 14. bhoga, paribādha. 15. ruru. 16. śaravya. 17. bāṇá. 18. jayantam. 19. niṣṭya. [18 verses, 28 words +M].
TOTAL: 16/16 hymns, 160 verses, 233 words + 2 M.
BOOK VII - REDACTED HYMNS.
15. 2. niṣasāda. 3. amātya. 8. svagni. 10. √sidh. 11. yahu. 14. śatabhuji, anādhṛṣṭa. [6 verses, 7 words].
16. 1. cetiṣṭha. 2. viśvabhoja, suśamī, subrahman. 10. pipṛhi, partṛbhis. [3 verses, 6 words].
17. 1. suṣamidhā. 5. vaṁsva. [2 verses, 2 words].
31. 1. mahin, somapāvan. 3. √hiraṇyaya. 7. √mnā. 8. sayāvarī. 12. -manyu. [5 verses, 6 words].
32. 1. ārāttāt. 3. sudakṣiṇa. 4. dadhi. 5. āminat, śrutkarṇa. 7. vedana. 8. somapāvan. 9. kavatnu. 13. kharva. 18. īśīya, pāpatva. 20. sudruva. 21. duṣṭutí, śákti. 22. tathuṣa. 25. mahādhana. 27. aśiva. [14 verses, 17 words].
33. 1. pramandu, uttiṣṭhat. 2. vaiśanta. 4. śakvarī, adadhā, juṣṭi. 5. tṛṣṇaj, arbhaka, √nāth. 6. daṇḍa, chinna. 7. jyotiragrā. 8. etave. 9. gātra, apsaras, yama. 10. jihāna. 11. √skand, pravidvam, puṣkara. 12. yama, sahasradāna. 13. sattra, kumbha, māna. 14. sumanasyamāna. [13 verses, 26 words].
55. 1. āviśan, amīvahan. 2. bapsat, srakva, dat, sārameya. 3. √ducchunāya, √rai, sārameya. 4. dardṛhi, sūkara, √ducchunāya. 5. jñāti. 7. sahasraśṛṅga. 8. proṣṭha, talpa, gandha, strī, puṇya. [7 verses, 19 words +M].
59. 1. mitrāryama, trāyadhva. 3. caramá. 4. pajra, navīyasī. 5. anyatra. 8. durhṛṇāyu, hanman. 9. riśādas. 12. puṣṭivardhana, sūryatvac, gandha, tryambaka. [7 verses, 13 words].
66. 1. śūṣya, dakṣapitara. 2. pramahas. 3. stipā. 5. piprat. 7. riśādas. 8. medhasāti, √hiraṇyaya. 10. sūracakṣas. 15. tasthuṣa, samayā . [8 verses, 11 words +M].
74. 1. śacīvasu, sūnṛtāvat. 3. jenyāvasu. 6. nṛpātā. [3 verses, 4 words].
81. 3. vananvat. 4. khyai. 5. dīrghaśruttamam. 6. vasutvana, sūnṛtāvat. [4 verses, 5 words].
94. 1. pūrvyastuti. 2. vanatam. 3. rīradhatam, pāpatva. 6. medhasāti, saniṣyu. 9. hiraṇyavat. 10. saptīvanta. 11. vṛtrahantama. 12. hanman, bhoga, rakṣasvina. [8 verses, 12 words].
96. 2. marutsakhā, avitrī. 3. jamadagni. 4. sarasvat. 5. sarasvat. 6. sarasvat, pīpivāṁsam, viśvadarśata. [5 verses, 8 words +M].
101. 1. jyotiragrā. 4. upasecana. 5. pippala. 6. śataśārada, tasthuṣa. [4 verses, 5 words].
102. -----
103. 1. vatsara, maṇḍūka, śaśayāna, -cārin. 2. vagnu, √mā, maṇḍūka. 3. āgata , prāvṛṣ. 4. maṇḍūka, √skand, prasarga. 5. śākta (śákti), śikṣamāṇa. 6. √mā. 7. vatsara, maṇḍūka, rātri, prāvṛṣ. 8. vatsara. 9. visarga, āgata, vatsara, √gup, prāvṛṣ. 10. sahasrasāva, √mā, maṇḍūka. [10 verses, 28 words].
104. 1. ubjatam, atriṇam. 2. kimīdin, caru, kravya, ghoracakṣa. 3. manyumat, ārambhaṇa, duṣkŕt. 4. √trṁha. 5. parśana, agnitapa, atriṇam. 6. kakṣya. 7. upabda, bhaṅgura, duṣkŕt. 8. kāśi. 10. steya. 12. vijñāna. 13. ūhe. 14. mogha. 15. yātudhāna. 16. padiṣṭa, yātudhāna. 17. padiṣṭa. 18. pinaṣṭi, bhūtvī. 19. somaśita. 20. yātumat. 22. koka, ulūka. 23. kimīdin. 24. mūradeva, yātudhāna, strī. 25. yātumat. [22 verses, 37 words].
TOTAL: 16/17 hymns, 121 verses, 206 words + 3 M.
BOOK V.
1. 1. jihāna. 6. puruniṣṭha. 8. sahasraśṛṅga. 9. cārutama. 10. bhandiṣṭha. 12. medhya, gaviṣṭhira. [6 verses, 7 words +C].
2. 2. dhūta, mahiṣī. 3. kṣetrād. 4. kṣetrād. 6. nindya. 7. nidita. 8. hṛṇīyamāna, cacakṣa, śiṣṭa, tenāham. 10. hantavā, paribādha, svāna. 11. svarvatī. 12. barhiṣmat, tuvigrīva, aśatru. [9 verses, 17 words].
3. 8. saṁstha. 9. ūhe. 11. duritāti. 12. tvadrik. [4 verses, 4 words +C].
4. 1. pṛtsuti. 2. gārhapatya. 9. duritāti, atrivat. 10. kīriṇa, śīrṣa. 11. putriṇam. [5 verses, 7 words +C].
5. 4. ūrṇamradā. 6. vayovṛdh. 10. vettha. [3 verses, 3 words +C].
6. 2. raghudru. 4. panīyas. 6. √hinv 7. √vrādh. 8. ānṛcu. 9. darvi, √śrī. 10. āśvaśva. [7 verses, 8 words +C +M].
7. 1. sam, samyak. 5. sveda. 7. hiriśmaśru. 8. atrivat, krāṇā. 9. aiṣu. 10. sāsaha. [6 verses, 8 words +M].
8. 1. sahaskṛta. 2. suśarmāṇam. 3. vivici, ratnadhātama, viśvadarśata, hotrāvid. 4. dharṇasi. 5. titviṣāṇa, ādhṛṣe. 6. codayanmati, urujrayasam. 7. suṣamidhā. [7 verses, 12 words].
9. 3. dhartāra. 4. durgṛbhi. 5. samyak. 6. tavāhan. 7. gopītha, utaidhī. [5 verses, 6 words +C +M].
10. 2. krāṇā. 3. gaya. 4. aśvarādhasa. 5. svāna, parijmāna. 6. tarīṣaṇi, āśā. 7. vibhvāsaha, utaidhī. [6 verses, 9 words +C +M].
11. 2. triṣadhasthá. 3. dhūmaketu. 4. sādhuyā. 6. śiśriyāṇa. [4 verses, 4 words].
12. 5. aśiva, bruvat, √ṛjūya. [1 verse, 3 words].
13. 2. √sidh. 6. ara. [2 verses, 2 words].
14. 2. mānuṣe-jane. 4. arocata. [2 verses, 2 words].
15. 2. ajāta. 3. kruddha, saṁvat. [2 verse, 3 words].
16. 2. vāra. [1 verse, 1 word +M].
17. 1. īḷīta. 5. utaidhī. [2 verses, 2 words +M].
18. 1. rājanya. 2. dvitá (name). 3. rājanya, dīrghāyu. 18. dvita. [4 verses, 5 words +M].
19. 3. bṛhaduktha, śvitra. 5. bhasman. 11. viṣa. [3 verses, 4 words].
20. 1. śravāyya. 2. anyavrata. 3. prayasvanta. [3 verses, 3 words +C +M].
21. 2. mānuṣe-jane. 3. saparyanta. 4. devayajyā, īḷīta. 18. rājaka. [4 verses, 5 words +M].
22. 1. atrivat. 2. devavyacastama. 3. cikitvinmanas. [3 verses, 3 words +M].
23. 1. prasāha, pṛtanāṣah. [1 verse, 2 words +M].
24. 2. dyumattama. 4. śociṣṭha. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
25. 1. ṛṣu. 4. āviśat. 5. atūrta, śrāvayat. 7. mahiṣī. 8. svāna. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
26. 6. sahasrajit. 8. devavyacastama. [2 verses, 2 words +C]
27. 1. trivṛṣan, anasvat, cetiṣṭha. 3. naviṣṭha. 4. aśvamedha. 5. aśvamedha. 6. aśvamedha. [5 verses, 7 words].
28. 3. jāspatya. 4. pramahas, dyumnavat. [2 verses, 3 words].
29. 2. ādatta. 4. saṁvivyāna, śvasantam, √śvas, skabhāyat. 5. patantī. 6. bhoga, triṣṭubh. 9. jujuvāna. 10. duryoṇa, yātave. 12. apidhāna. 14. aparīta. [8 verses, 13 words].
30. 1. īyamāna. 2. apṛcha, cacakṣa, abhiceru. 3. avidvas. 4. yudhaye. 6. ohāna. 8. kṛtha. 9. abalā, strī, yudhaye. 12. agrabhīṣma, ṛṇañcaya, ruśama. 13. mamandu, ruśama. 14. rātri, ṛṇañcaya, ruśama. 15. agrabhīṣma, ruśama. [11 verses, 21 words].
31. 1. adhyasta, asthan. 2. abhicakṣe. 3. prācodayat, dediṣṭa. 4. hantavā. 5. arathā. 6. śaktīvat. 7. √sidh, dānucitrā. 10. avasyu (name). [8 verses, 11 words +C].
32. 4. prabharman. 5. yuyutsat, niṣatta. 8. duryoṇa, atra, asinvam. 11. naviṣṭha. 12. yātayan. [5 verses, 8 words].
33. 2. prārya, dhiyasāna. 3. ayukta. 5. jagamyāt, yātá. 6. enī, vasavāna, mārutāśva, prārya. 7. piprīhi. 9. anūka, dádāna. 10. saṁvaraṇa. [7 verses, 13 words +C].
34. 1. ajāta, svarvatī, dadhātana. 2. piprat. 4. kilbiṣa, ākara. 5. nāsunvatā, ārabham. 6. vibhīṣaṇa. 8. śubhri, śárdhas. [6 verses, 11 words +C].
35. 1. carṣaṇīsah. 3. vṛṣajūti. 4. vŕṣṇi, svakṣatra. 5. amitrayantam. 6. vṛtrahantama. 7. (sa)yāvānam, (puro)yāvānam. [6 verses, 8 words +C +M].
36. 1. vaṁsaga, cakamāna. 2. hinvat. 3. vṛtta, stoṣad, sadāvṛdha. 5. vṛṣakratu, vṛṣaratha. 6. śrutaratha, diṣṭa, sacamāna. [5 verses, 11 words +C].
37. 2. iddhāgni, sthīrṇabarhis. 3. icchantī, mahiṣī. 4. satvaná, gosakhā. [3 verses, 6 words].
38. 1. vibhvī., 2. śravāyya, dīrghaśruttamam. 3. gmas. [3 verses, 4 words].
39. 1. vidadvasu, ubhayāhasta. 2. akūpāra. [2 verses, 3 words +M].
40. 1. vṛtrahantama. 2. vṛtrahantama. 3. vṛtrahantama. 4. somapāvan, yuktvā. 5. āsura, mugdha, kṣetravid, āviddhyat. 6. apavrata. 8. kīriṇa. 9. āviddhyat, āsura. [8 verses, 13 words +C].
41. 1. dāḥ. 2. √mā. 3. huvadhyai. 4. kaṇva, viśvabhoja, āśvaśva. 5. auśija, eṣe. 6. √iṣudhya. 7. viduṣī, eṣe. 8. eṣe . 9. āptya. 13. √kṣubh. 14. udā, candragrā. 16. acchokti, evayā. 17. jarā. 18. gamyā, mṛḷayat. [14 verses, 21 words].
42. 1. atūrta. 2. hṛdya. 7. nāpara. 8. sacamāna, aśvadā. 9. apavrata. 10. tucchya. 11. sudhanva. 12. rākā. 14. abdi. [9 verses, 10 words].
43. 1. tūrṇyartha. 4. sugabhasti, giriṣṭhā. 7. tapat. 8. √aṇ, huvadhyai. 13. dharṇasi, óman. 14. rāspa-. [6 verses, 9 words].
44. 1. pūrvathā , jayantam. 2. virocamāna. 4. pravaṇa. 5. gātha. 6. √sidh. 9. āyata. 10. kṣatra (name), yajata (name), ardhya, evāvada (name). 11. kakṣya, etave, yajata (name). 12. śrutavid, yajata (name), bāhu-. 13. svapat, rasavat. 14. tavāham, nyokas. 15. tavāham, nyokas. [12 verses, 23 words +C].
45. 1. apāvṛta. 2. sthūṇa, sumitā. 4. huvadhyai. 6. √vaṇij, vaṅku. 7. hastayata. [5 verses, 7 words].
46. 1. háya (√hi). 6. trāman, śavasāva. 8. indrāṇī, devapatnī. 18. agnāyī. [4 verses, 6 words +C].
47. 2. īyamāna. 4. caráse. 6. modamāna. 7. pratiṣṭhā. [4 verses, 4 words +C].
48. 1. √men, svakṣatra, māyinī. 2. atnata. 3. ahanya. 4. bharahūti. [4 verses, 6 words +C].
49. 1. eṣe. 5. sūktavāc. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
50. 1. √iṣudhya. 2. sacatha. 3. patheṣṭhām. 4. abhihita. 5. rathaspati. [5 verses, 5 words +M].
51. 2. satyadharma. 4. ānṛcu. 6. arepasa. 7. dadhi. 8. atrivat. 9. atrivat. 10. atrivat, ānṛcu. 11. cetuna. 12. sarvagaṇa. 15. candramas. [10 verses, 11 words].
52. 1. śyāvāśva. 3. √skand, kṣamā, syandrā, śarvarī, nokṣaṇa. 8. syandrā, ṛbhvas, satyaśavasa. 11. pārāvata. 12. kīriṇa, stubh. 13. ṛṣṭividyut, mārutaṁ-gaṇam. 14. mārutaṁ-gaṇam. 15. manvāna. 17. śakin, ekam-eka. [9 verses, 18 words +C +M].
53. 1. kilāsa, jāna. 2. tasthuṣa. 3. āyayu, arepasa. 4. śrāya, 5. mud. 7. upás, enī. 8. āntarikṣād, amāt. 9 purīṣin. 11. vrāta, krāmema. 13. dhattana, vahadhva, bīja. 14. hitvā. 15. trāyadhva, sudeva. [12 verses, 20 words +C +M].
54. 2. √udanya, vayovṛdh, stubh. 3. vātatviṣa, hrāduni, abdi. 5. etā, aśvadā, agṛbhīta. 6. neṣathā. 8. kabandha. 9. antarikṣyā, pravatvat. 10. sabharas. 12. pippala, agṛbhīta. 13. √yucch, tiṣya, yuṣmādatta. 14. tatanāma, śruṣṭimat. 15. sadyaūti, nṛṁh, haryatā. [11 verses, 24 words +C].
55. 2. utāntarikṣa. 3. virokin. 4. dadhātana, cakṣaṇa. 5. purīṣin. 6. ayudhvam. 7. yāthanā. 10. aṁhatí. [7 verses, 8 words +C].
56. 2. tasthuṣa. 3. mīḷhuṣmat, ṛkṣa. 9. √mahīya, panasya, ratheśubham. [3 verses, 6 words +C].
57. 1. √udanya, girijā, tṛṣṇaj. 2. sudhanva, yāthanā, vāśīmat, pṛśnimātara, niṣaṅgin, íṣumat. 3. pṛśnimātara, √kup. 4. vātatviṣa, pravakṣa, varṣanirṇij, arepasa. 5. bhartā. 8. tuvīmagha, satyaśruta. [6 verses, 18 words +C].
58. 1. āśvaśva. 2. dhunivrata, dātivāra. 3. udavāha. 4. janayathā, bāhu-. 5. ara. 6. vīḷupavibhi. 7. bhartā, āyuyujre, sveda. 8. tuvīmagha, satyaśruta. [8 verses, 13 words +C].
59. 3. śriyase, sthana, visarjana. 6. pṛśnimātara, udbhid. 8. dānucitrā. [3 verses, 6 words +C].
60. 4. raivata, śreyāṁsa. 7. vahadhva, riśādas. 8. gaṇaśrī. [3 verses, 5 words +C].
61. 2. kathám. 3. saktha, jaghána, kṛtha. 4. agnitapa, yathāsatha, -jani. 5. śyāvāśva. 6. śaśīyas, strī, arādhas. 7. tṛṣyat. 8. vaira. 9. mamandu, purumīḷha, yematur, śyāvá (name). 10. vidadaśva. 12. upari. 13. yāvānam. 14. arepasa. 15. yāmahūti. 16. vṛtta, riśādas. 18. rathavīti. 19. rathavīti, apaśrita. [16 verses, 27 words +C].
62. 1. apihita. 5. yajus, dhṛtadakṣa. 6. kravi, hṛṇīyamāna, sthūṇa. 7. aśvajani, hiraṇyanirṇij, sthūṇa. 8. sthūṇa. [5 verses, 10 words +C].
63. 1. satyadharma. 6. arepasa. [2 verses, 2 words].
64. 1. riśādas. 2. cetuna, jogū. 7. ruśadgu. [3 verses, 4 words +M].
65. 2. śreṣṭhavarcas. 3. cetuna, dīrghaśruttamam. 5. saprathastama, tvoti. 6. gopītha, mitrā (pl.). [4 verses, 7 words +M].
66. 1. riśādas. 2. avihruta, samyak. 3. dadhŕṣ, eṣe. 4. pūtadakṣasaḥ. 5. jrayasāna. 6. mitrā (pl), bahupāyya. [6 verses, 9 words].
67. 1. baṭ, mitrāryama. 2. dhartāra, riśādas. 4. ṛtaspṛś. [3 verses, 5 words +C].
68. 5. rītyāpa, vṛṣṭidyo. [1 verses, 2 words +C].
69. 4. dhartāra. [1 verse, 1 word].
70. 1. purūru. 2. samyak. 4. adbhutakratu. [3 verses, 3 words].
71. 1. riśādas. [1 verse, 1 word].
72. 1. atrivat. [1 verse, 1 word].
73. 2. tuviṣṭam, purubhūtama, √varasya. 3. īrmānyad. 4. arepasa, stáva. 5. ātapa. 6. cetas, arepasa. 8. madhūyu. 9. mṛḷayat, yāmahūtama. [7 verses, 12 words +C].
74. 4. paura (name), vṛṣaṇvasu. 5. kṛtha. 9. madhūyu, carkṛti. 10. śuśrūya. [4 verses, 6 words +C].
75. 2. suṣumna, hiraṇyavartani, √ahaṁya. 3. hiraṇyavartani. 4. stubh, vṛṣaṇvasu. 5. bodhinmanas. 6. manoyuja. 8. śubhas-patī, avasyu (name). 9. vṛṣaṇvasu. [7 verses, 11 words +C +M].
76. 1. pīpivāṁsam. 2. saṁskṛta, avasāgamiṣṭha. [2 verses, 3 words].
77. 2. sāyam, vanīyas, utānya. 3. madhuvarṇa, vātaraṁhas. 4. bhūyiṣṭha. [3 verses, 6 words].
78. 2. hariṇa. 4. ṛbīsa. 5. saptavadhri. 6. saptavadhri, bhīta. 7. √iṅg, puṣkara, sarvátas. 8. jarāyu. 9. kṣata, śaśayāna, jīvat. [7 verses, 12 words].
79. 1. bodhayoṣa, divitmat. 2. sahīyas, śucadratha. 3. sahīyas. 4. surāti. 5. maghatti. 6. aiṣu. 9 net. [7 verses, 9 words +M].
80. 1. aruṇapsu, dyutadyāman, āvahantī. 2. bṛhadratha. 3. asredhantī, prāyu. 4. prajānatīva. 6. vyūrṇvatī, pūrvathā , apsaḥ. [5 verses, 10 words].
81. 1. akhyat. 2. prāsāvi. 4. parīyasa, rātri, ubhayatas. 5. śyāvāśva. [4 verses, 6 words +C].
82. 1. sarvadhā. 4. duṣvapnya. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
83. 1. acchāvad. 2. duṣkŕt. 3. varṣya, kaśā. 9. duṣkŕt. [4 verses, 5 words].
84. 1. baṭ, khidra, mahinaḥ, pravatvat. 2. -cārin. [2 verses, 5 words].
85. 2. adadhā, hṛtsu. 3. bāra, kavandha, nīcīna. 5. āsura. 6. enī. 8. dīvi, devadhā. [5 verses, 9 words].
86. 2. śravāyya. 3. druṇā, vṛtraghna. 4. eṣe. 5. girvaṇastama. 6. śuṣya, gṛṇatsu, evendrāgni. [5 verses, 8 words].
87. 1. evayā, sukhādi, girijā, dhunivrata. 2. evayā, viṣpardhas. 3. evayā, syāndra. 4. evayā, vimahas, varṣanirṇij. 5. evayā. 6. evayā , sthana, vṛddhaśavas, sthātāva, śuśukvas. 7. evayā, adbhutainasa, śárdhas. 8. evayā, yuyotana, adveṣas. 9. evayā, suśamī. [9 verses, 25 words].
87/87 hymns, 434 verses, 685 words + 39 C + 20 M.
BOOK I.
1. 1. ratnadhātama. 7. tvāgni. 9. sūpāyana. [3 verses, 3 words].
2. 2. ahar-. 7. riśādas. 8. ṛtaspṛś. 9. urukṣaya. [3 verses, 4 words].
3. 1. yajvarī, śubhas-patī, dravatpāṇi. 2. śavīra, vanatam. 3. rudravartani. 4. √aṇ. [4 verses, 7 words].
4. 1. goduh, surūpa. 4. astṛta. 6. nṛmādana. 7. mandayat. 8. pītvā. [5 verses, 6 words].
5. 2. purūtama. 4. saṁstha. 5. dadhi. 6. ajayathā. [4 verses, 4 words].
6. 1. tasthuṣa. 2. nṛvāhasā, pakṣa. 3. ajayathā, ketave. 6. vidadvasu. 7. saṁjagmāna, abibhyuṣas. 8. abhidyu. [6 verses, 9 words].
7. 1. arkin, gātha. 5. mahādhana. 6. caru. 7. vaṁsaga, √vindh. [4 verses, 6 words].
8. 4. sāsaha. 5. práth. 6. √dhiyāya. [3 verses, 3 words].
9. 6. rabhasvat. 9. gantāra. 10. nyokas. [3 verses, 3 words].
10. 1. gāyatra, arkin. 2. vṛṣṇí. 3. upaśruti, kakṣya. 8. svarvatī, ṛghāyamāṇa. 9. śrutkarṇa. 10. candramas. 12. juṣṭi. [7 verses, 10 words].
11. 5. bila, abibhyuṣas. 6. tavāham, āvadat, ātiṣṭhanta. [2 verses, 5 words].
12. 5. rakṣasvina, ghṛtāhavana. 7. satyadharma. 11. gāyatra. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
13. 3. madhujihva, haviṣkṛta. 5. yatrāmṛta, cakṣaṇa. 6. yaṣṭave. 7. naktoṣāsā. [3 verses, 6 words +C].
14. 2. kaṇva. 3. mitrā (pl.), mārutaṁ-gaṇam. 4. camūṣad. 5. kaṇva. 6. manoyuja. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
15. 5. astṛta. 11 dīdyagni. 12. yajñanī, gārhapatya. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
16. 1. sūracakṣas. 5. tṛṣita. 9. svādhya. [3 verses, 3 words +C].
17. 1. īdṛś. 2. gantāra, dhartāra. 3. anukāma. 4. vājadāvan. [4 verses, 5 words +C].
18. 1. auśija. 2. puṣṭivardhana, amīvahan. 7. √sidh. 8. haviṣkṛti. 9. saprathastama. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
19. 1. prahūyase. 4. anādhṛṣṭa, ānṛcu. 5. riśādas. 7. īṅkhayantī. 9. pūrvāpīti. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
20. 1. ratnadhātama. 3. parijmāna. 4. √ṛjūya. 6. dhattana. 7. ekam-eka. [5 verses, 5 words +C]
21. 2. gāyatra. 4. ubjatam. 5. atriṇam. 6. cetuna. [4 verses, 4 words +C].
22. 1. prātaryuj. 3. sūnṛtāvat, kaśā. 4. dūraka. 5. cettṛ. 8. stomya. 12. indrāṇī, agnāyī. 11. chinna. 13. bharīman. 14. gandharva. 17. pāṁsu. [10 verses, 11 words +C].
23. 1. āśīrvat. 3. sahasrākṣa. 4. pūtadakṣasaḥ. 8. marudgaṇa. 10. pṛśnimātara. 11. yāthanā. 15. √sidh. 16. ambi. 17. amū. 20. viśvabheṣaja. 22. mayi, abhidudroha, śepa, utānvṛtam. [11 verses, 14 words +C +M].
24. 4. adveṣa. 5. ārabhe. 7. upari, abudhna. 9. parācá, apada. 10. vicakaṣad. 12. śepa. 13. śepa, drupadá. [7 verses, 10 words +C].
25. 4. vasyaiṣṭi. 5. urucakṣas. 6. √yucch, venat. 15. udara. 16. icchantī, urucakṣas. 18. viśvadarśata. 20. gmas. [6 verses, 9 words +C].
26. 1. miyedhya. 2 divitmat. 4. riśādas. 7. svagni. 8. svagni. 10. yahu. [6 verses, 6 words +C].
27. 4. gāyatra. 6. ūrmā. 8. káyasya, sahantya, śravāyya. 11. dhūmaketu, √hinv. 12. bṛhadbhānu. 13. arbhaka. [6 verses, 9 words +C].
28. 2. jaghana. 5. dyumattama, dundubhi. 7. bapsat, āyaji. [3 verses, 5 words +C].
29. 1. tuvīmagha, śubhrí. 2. tuvīmagha, śubhrí. 3. tuvīmagha, śubhrí. 4. tuvīmagha, śubhrí. 5. tuvīmagha, śubhrí, gardabha. 6. tuvīmagha, śubhrí, √kuṇḍ. 7. tuvīmagha, śubhrí. [7 verses, 16 words +C +M].
30. 3. udara. 4. saṁvivyāna, kapota. 5. rādhá. 9. pratnasyaukasa. 11. śipriṇī, somapāvan. 14. āpta. 16. √śvas. 17. hiraṇyavat, śavīra. 20. kadha. [9 verses, 12 words +C].
31. 2. kati (kim). 3. √sagh. 4. purūravas, sukṛttara, śvātra. 5. śravāyya, puṣṭivardhana. 9. kalyāṇa, tanūkṛt, manuṣa. 10. vayaskṛt. 11. mamaka. 12. vandya. 13. caturakṣa, niṣaṅgin. 15. kṣadman, svādu. 16. ṛṣikṛt. 17. yayāti. 18. vājavatī, śákti. [13 verses, 21 words].
32. 3. vṛṣāyamāṇa. 6. śiśriyāṇa, durmada. 7. ahasta, vyasta. 8. patsutas. 10. atiṣṭhat. 11. bila, apihita, niruddha. 12. ajaya, sṛka. 13. aparī, hrāduni, √sidh. 14. bhīta. 15. ara. [10 verses, 17 words].
33. 3. iṣudhi, armaka. 4. sanakāt. 7. √jakṣ. 8. adadhā, maṇi. 11. hanman, nāvyā. 12. āviddhyat. 14. nṛsāhya, śvitra. 15. śvitra, vedana, tugrya. [8 verses, 14 words].
34. 1. yantra. 2. venā, madhuvāhana, ārabhe, skabhita. 3. vājavatī. 4. √nand, anuvrata. 5. saubhagatva. 6. mamaka, śubhas-patī. 8. upari, saptamātā, pravá. 9. trivṛt, rāsabha. 11. √sidh, prāyu. 12. trivṛt. [10 verses, 19 words].
35. 1. rātri. 5. praüga. 6. yama, √aṇ. 8. akhyat. 9. apāmivām. 10. √ sidh, yātudhāna, hiraṇyahasta. [6 verses, 9 words].
36. 8. krandat, kaṇva. 9. miyedhya, devavī. 10. medhya, kaṇva, vṛṣan, medhyātithi, upastuta (name). 11. medhya, medhyātithi, kaṇva, dīdiyus. 14. atriṇam. 15. bṛhadbhānu. 16. tapurjambha, asmadhruk. 17. kaṇva, mitrā (pl.), medhyātithi, medhya, upastuta (name). 18. bṛhadratha. 19. kaṇva. 20. rakṣasvina, atriṇam, [11 verses, 26 words +C +M].
37. 1. kaṇva, ratheśubham. 3. kaśā. 4. devattam. 6. gmas. 9. jāna, etave. 10. yātave, atnata. 14. kaṇva. [7 verses, 10 words +C].
38. 1. kadha. 4. pṛśnimātara. 5. yama. 6. durhaṇā, padīṣṭa. 8. √ mā. 9. udavāha. 11. khidra. 12. saṁskṛta. 13. acchāvad. 14. gāyatra. 15. √ panasya, arkin, mārutaṁ-gaṇam. [11 verses, 14 words +C].
39. 2. parānude, panīyas. 3. yāthanā, āśā. 4. riśādas, ādhṛṣe. 5. durmada. 6. praṣṭi. 7. kaṇva. 9. kaṇva. [7 verses, 10 words +C].
40. 3. paṅkti. 4. pratūrti, ákṣiti. 8. mahādhana. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
41. 1. dabhya. 2. bāhu-, piprat. 6. astṛta. 7. mitrasyāryama. 9. durukta. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
42. 4. huvaścita, tapuṣi. 6. viśvasaubhaga. 9. udara. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
43. 2. jalāṣabheṣaja. 4. gātha. 6. meṣa, meṣi. 8. paribādha. 9. ābhūṣat. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
44. 3. dhūmaketu, adhvaraśrī. 4. yātave. 5. miyedhya. 6. madhujihva, praskaṇva. 8. kaṇva. 10. viśvadarśata. 13. sayāvan, śrutkarṇa. [7 verses, 10 words +C].
45. 3. praskaṇva, priyamedha, atrivat. 4. priyamedha. 5. ghṛtāhavana, kaṇva. 7. vasuvittama, saprathastama, śrutkarṇa. 8. sahaskṛta. 9. ihādya. [6 verses, 11 words +C].
46. 2. manotarā. 3. viṣṭap, jūrṇa. 4. kuṭa. 5. ādārin, matá. 8. aritra. 9. kaṇva. 11. etave, sādhuyā. 12. piprat. [8 verses, 11 words +C].
47. 2. trivṛt, kaṇva. 4. kaṇva, abhidyu, triṣadhasthá. 5. śubhas-patī, kaṇva. 8. adhvaraśrī. 9. sūryatvac. 10. kaṇva. [6 verses, 10 words +C].
48. 3. ācaraṇa. 4. kaṇva. 5. pakṣa. 6. odatī. 9. āvahantī. 10. jīvana. 11. mānuṣe-jane, vaṁsva. 13. sugmya. 16. viśvapeśasam. viśvatur. [9 verses, 11 words +C].
49. 1. aruṇapsu. 2. adhyasthā. 4. kaṇva. [3 verses, 3 words +C].
50. 4. viśvadarśata, jyotiṣkṛt. 9. svayukti, naptī. 12. śuka, hāridrava. 13. dviśat. [4 verses, 7 words +C].
51. 1. ātap, meṣa, madacyut. 3. vimada, śatadura, gātuvid. 4. śavasāva, apidhāna. 5. dasyuhatyā. 6. dasyuhatyā. 7. somapītha. 8. barhiṣmat, śāsat. 9. vardhat, apavrata, anuvrata. 10. manoyuja. 11. vaṅku, srotas, vaṅkuta. 12, śaryāta. 13. vṛṣaṇaśva, vṛcayā. 14. √aśvaya, pajra, yūpa. [13 verses, 26 words].
52. 1. meṣa. 2. nadīvṛt. 4. ahruta. 5. pravaṇa. 6. durgṛbhi, vṛtvī, pravaṇa. 8. √gātuya. 12. dhṛṣaṇmana. 15. bhṛṣṭi, āná. [8 verses, 11 words].
53. 1. duṣṭutí. 2. sakhā-sakhibhyaḥ. 3. dyumattama. 5. abhidyu. 6. barhiṣmat. 8. parṇaya, karañja. 9. abandhu, upajagmivas. 10. trāman. 11. drāgh, śivatama, udṛci. [9 verses, 13 words].
54. 1. roruvat. 2. śākin, vikramaṇam. 3. śūṣya, bṛhacchravas, svakṣatra. 4. śita, √kup. 5. √śvas, roruvat, vṛṇakṣi. 9. camūṣad, adridugdha. 10. pravaṇa. [7 verses, 14 words].
55. 1. vaṁsaga, prabruvāna, varimán. 2. √panasya. 3. bhojase. 4. namasyu. 6. ghanighnad, kṛtrima. 7. somapāvan, ākṛdhi. [6 verses, 10 words].
56. 1. ṛbhvas. 2. vena, gūrti, saniṣyu, saṁcaraṇe. 3. bhṛṣṭi. 4. tvāvṛdha. 5. harṣyā. 6. pāṣya, samayā. [6 verses, 10 words].
57. 1. pravaṇa, apāvṛta. 2. √śyai=śīt, śnathitṛ. 3. panīyas. 4. √sagh. 6. parvaśas, nivṛta. [5 verses, 8 words].
58. 1. sahojā. 3. krāṇā, acikradat, rayiṣāt. 5. tapurjambha, vaṁsaga, abhivrajat. 6. raghupatvan. 9. jagamyāt. [5 verses, 9 words].
59. 1. sthūṇa. 4. svarvatī. 7. sūnṛtāvat. [3 verses, 3 words].
60. 1. dvijanma. 2. śāsus. 3. madhujihva. 5. marjayat, jagamyāt, vājambhara. [4 verses, 6 words].
61. 1. ṛcīṣama. 2. bādhé. 3. acchokti. 5. darman. 7. varāha, sahīyas, pacatá. 8. devapatnī. 9. viśvagūrta, svari. 12. íṣyan. 13. ṛghāyamāṇa. 14. vena, jogū, oṇi, nodha. 16. jagamyāt, aiṣu, viśvapeśasam. [11 verses, 19 words].
62. 2. āṅgūṣya. 4. svara (√svṛ), stubh, phaliga, saraṇyu. 6. cārutama, upahvara, chanda. 7. ayāsya. 8. punarbhuva. 9. rohiṇī. 11. √drā, śavasāva. 12. kṣīyanta. 13. jagamyāt, nodha. [9 verses, 16 words].
63. 2. vivrata. 3. √aṇ. 4. parācá. 9. jagamyāt. [4 verses, 4 words].
64. 1. suhastya, nodha. 2. arepasa. 3. adhrigāva. 5. riśādas. 8. jinvat. 9. gaṇaśrī. 11. payovṛdh. 12. mārutaṁ-gaṇam, ghṛṣu. 14. dhattana. 15. jagamyāt. [10 verses, 12 words].
65. 1. catantam. 9. cetiṣṭha, √śvas. [2 verses, 3 words].
66. 1. prāṇa, takvan. 6. rukmin. 8. janitra. [3 verses, 4 words].
67. 1. jāyú. 3. niṣīdat. [2 verses, 2 words].
68. 1, √śrī. [1 verse, 1 word].
69. 1. śuśukvas. 2. svādman. 3. adṛpta. [3 verses, 3 words].
70. 1. gṛdhnu. 3. kṣapāvat. 8. niṣatta. [3 verses, 3 words].
71. 1. jinvat. 3. tṛṣyat. 4. sahīyas. 5. pṛśana. 8. svādhya. [5 verses, 5 words].
72. 3. asūdayat. 5. saṁjānāna. [2 verses, 2 words].
73. 1. śāsus. 2. satyamanman. 6. samayā. 8. āpaprivas. [4 verses, 4 words].
74. 2.. saṁjagmāna, √snih. 5. yahu, subarhis, sudeva. 7. upabdi, yor. [3 verses, 7 words].
75. 1. devapsaras, saprathastama. 4. sakhā-sakhibhyaḥ. 8. yuyudhi. [3 verses, 4 words].
76. 4. bodhí. [ 1 verse, 1 word].
77. 4. bhāmin. [1 verse, 1 word].
78. 4. vṛtrahantama. [1 verse, 1 word].
79. 1. apasyu, hiraṇyakeśa, yaśasvatī. 4. yahu. 7. prabharman, vandya, gāyatra. 9. cetuna. 11. padīṣṭa. 12. sahasrākṣa, √sidh. [6 verses, 11 words].
80. 2. śyenābhṛta. 4. brahmodyatam. 6. śataparvaṇā, pūrvathā. 8. nāvyā. 9. anonavuḥ, brahmodyatam. 16. atharvan, atnata, dadhyañc. [6 verses, 10 words +M].
81. 3. madacyut, dhīyate. 7. made-made, ubhayāhasta. [2 verses, 4 words +M].
82. 1. sūnṛtāvat, √arthi. 2. naviṣṭha, stoṣad. 4. govid. [3 verses, 5 words +M].
83. 2. brahmapriya. 3. adadhā, śákti. 4. iddhāgni. 5. vena, yama, atharvan. [4 verses, 7 words].
84. 3.vagnu. 8. arādhas. 10. sayāvarī, viṣūvat. 11. pṛśana, √śrī. 12. pūrvacitti, saparyanta. 13. apaśrita, asthan, dadhyañc. 14. śaryaṇāvat. 15. candramas. 16. bhāmin, durhṛṇāyu. 18. sudeva. [10 verses, 16 words +M].
85. 2. pṛśnimātara. 3. virukmata. 4. vrāta. 7. madacyut. 11. tṛṣṇaj. [5 verses, 5 words].
86. 1. vimahas. 8. venat, sveda, satyaśavasa. 9. satyaśavasa. 10. atriṇam. [4 verses, 6 words].
87. 1. pravakṣas. 2. madhuvarṇa, upahvara. 3. krīḷi. 4. yāvānam. 6. sukhādi, vāśīmat, śriyase. [5 verses, 8 words].
88.1. aśvaparṇa, sumāyā. 4. ayodaṁṣṭra. 5. varāhu. [3 verses, 4 words +M].
89. 1. aparīta, prāyu, udbhid. 2. √ṛjūya. 5. tasthuṣa. 6. tārkṣya, ariṣṭanemi. 7. pṛśnimātara, sūracakṣas, yāvānam. 10. janitva. [6 verses, 11 words].
90. 2. vasavāna. 5. svastimat. [2 verses, 2 words].
91. 6. jīvātu, priya-. 10. upāgahi. 11. vacovid. 12. sumitra, puṣṭivardhana, amīvahan. 16. pyāyasva. 17. pyāyasva, madintama. 18. āpyāyamāna. 21. jayantam. [8 verses, 12 words].
92. 2. ayukṣata, stave. 3. pūrvathā. 7. bhāsvat. 8. pravarga, dṛśāná. 9. abhicakṣya, caráse. 11. vyūrṇvatī. 12. aminatī, viśvit. 14. sūnṛtāvat. 16. hiraṇyavat. 18. hiraṇyavartani. [10 verses, 14 words].
93. 3. haviṣkṛti. 4. bṛsaya. 7. suśarmāṇam. 9. vanatam. 12. śruṣṭimat, havyasūd. [5 verses, 6 words].
94. 2. aṁhatí. 4. jīvātu. 7. atiruc, rātri, sadṛṅṅ. 9. atriṇam. 10. dhūmaketu. 11. yavasād. 13. saprathastama. 14. mṛḷayat. 15. sudraviṇas. 16. saubhagatva. [10 verses, 12 words].
95. 1. suvarcas. 2. virocamāna. 3. śāsat, jāna. 4. bahvī. 5. āviṣṭya. 7. sima, sica. 8. samiti. 9. virocamāna. 10. srotas. [9 verses, 11 words].
96. 1. baṭ. 2. kavya. 3. sṛpradānu. 5. naktoṣāsā. 6. saṅgamana. [5 verses, 5 words].
97. 3. pra, bhandiṣṭha. 6. viśvatomukha. 7. viśvatomukha. [3 verses, 4 words].
98. -----
99. 1. duritāti. [1 verse, 1 word +C].
100. 1. satīna. 2. āpta. 3. aparīta. 5. nṛsāhya. 7. karuṇa. 8. utsava. 9. kīriṇa, √vrādh. 11. jeṣa. 12. śatanītha, dasyuhan. 13. ravátha. 16. vṛṣaṇvat, lalāma, ṛjrāśva, nāhuṣī. 17. ambara, praṣṭi, ṛjrāśva, sahadeva. 18. hatvā, śvitna. 19. aparihvṛta. [14 verses, 23 words +C].
101. 1. vajradakṣiṇam. 5. anat. [2 verses, 2 words].
102. 1. utsava. 2. abhicakṣe, candramas. 3. saṅgama, jaitra. 5. jaitra. 6. sima, √klp. 8. aśatru. 9. udbhid, -manyu 11. aparihvṛta. [8 verses, 12 words].
103. 1. parācá. 2. hatvā. 3. vibhindat. 4. ūcase, kīrtenyam, dasyuhatyā. 5. dhattana. 6. ādṛtya. [6 verses, 8 words].
104. 1. svāna. 2. jagamyāt. 3. pravaṇa, kṣīra. 4. phena, vīrapatnī. 8. āṇḍa. 9. somakāma. [6 verses, 8 words].
105. 1. candramas. 5. sthana, triṣvā . 6. krāmema, dharṇasi, cakṣaṇa. 7. tṛṣṇaj. 8. mūṣa. 9. jāmitva. 11. √sidh, yahvatī. 15. gātuvid. 16. asau. 17. aṁhūraṇa, kūpa, avahita. 18. nicāyya, pṛṣṭi. [11 verses, 18 words +C +M].
106. 4. kāṭa. 6. kṣayadvīra. [2 verses, 2 words].
107. 1. mṛḷayat, varivovid. [1 verses, 2 words].
108. 13. evendrāgni. [1 verse, 1 word].
109. 2. syāla, prayati, bhūridāvattara. [1 verse, 3 words].
110. 2. bhoga, bhūmán. 4. vatsara, sūracakṣas. 7. pṛtsuti. [3 verses, 5 words].
111. 3. jaitra. [1 verse, 1 word].
112. 1. pūrvacitti. 3. asū, praśāsana. 5. kaṇva, rebha, vandanaḥ, nivṛta. 6. āraṇa, karkandhu, antaka. 7. pṛśnigu, suṣaṁsad. 8. grasitā, vartikā, kṛtha, etave. 9. śrutarya. 10. vaśa, aśvya (name), atharvan, viṣpalā. 11. √vaṇij, dīrghaśravas, auśija (name). 12. triśoka. 13. kṣaitra, mandhātar. 15. pṛthi, kali, vyaśva, -jāni, upastuta (name). 16, syūmaraśmi. 17. mahādhana, śaryāta. 19. sudevī, vimada. 20. saṁtāti, stubh. 21. asana. 22. nṛsāhya. 23. puruṣanti. 24. apnasvatī. [20 verses, 43 words].
113. 1. rātri. 2. ruśatī. 3. naktoṣāsā, śiṣṭa. 4. bhāsvat. 5. bhoga. 6. √mahīya, ityai. 8. udīrayat, aśvadā. 11. aparī. 12. ihādya, maṅgala. 15. āvahantī, īyuṣī, viśvit. 16. yātave, apa, aganma. 17. samayā. [12 verses, 20 words].
114. 1. ātura, kṣayadvīra, mṛḷayat. 2. kṣayadvīra. 3. kṣayadvīra, devayajya, sumnāyat. 4. vaṅku. 5. varāha. 6. svādīyas. 7. arbhaka. 10. devadhā, kṣayadvīra. [8 verses, 13 words].
115. 1. tasthuṣa. 4. sima, rātri. 5. abhicakṣe. [3 verses, 4 words].
116. 1. vimada. 2. pradhana, yama, rāsabha. 3. ātmanvat, mamṛvas, apodaka. 5. ārambhaṇa, grabhaṇa, √vīri. 6. kīrtenyam, aghāśva. 7. pajra, kumbha. 8. sarvagaṇam, ṛbīsa, himá. 9. tṛṣyat, bāra. 10. jahita. 11. vandanaḥ. 12. atharvan, dadhyañc. 13. hiraṇyahasta, śāsus, adatta. 14. kṛpamāṇa. 15. caritra, viṣpalā, vartikā. 16. ṛjrāśva, meṣa, cakṣadāna. 17. jayantī, kārṣman. 18. śiṁśumāra. 20. vibhindu. 21. vaśa, pṛthuśravas. 22. śara. 23. √ṛjūya, viśvaka, viṣṇāpu, darśana, kṛṣṇa. 24. śnathita, rātri, aśiva, rebha. [22 verses, 49 words +C].
117. 1. barhiṣmat. 3. anupūrvam, ṛbīsa, aśiva. 4. rebha. 5. khāta, vandanaḥ. 6. pajra, kumbha. 7. pitṛṣad, viśvaka, adatta, viṣṇāpu, ghoṣā, kṛṣṇa. 8. nṛṣad, adatta, kaṇva, śyāva, ruśatī. 10. pajra. 11. māna, viṣpalā. 12. khāta. 13. jarat. 15. taugrya. 16. vartikā. 17. aśiva, meṣa, ṛjrāśva. 18. kani=kanīna, meṣa, ṛjrāśva, cakṣadāna. 19. srāma. 20. vimada, purumitra. 21. manuṣa, vápat, bakura, duhát. 22. adhenu, kakṣya, dadhyañc, atharvan. 24. hiraṇyahasta, adatta, śyāva. [20 verses, 48 words +C].
118. 1. vātaraṁhas, javīyas. 2 trivṛt. 5. juṣṭvī. 6. taugrya, rebha, vandanaḥ. 7. apiripta, kaṇva. 8. viṣpalā, vartikā. 9. vīḷvāṅga. [7 verses, 12 words +C].
119. 1. varivodhā. 3. pravaṇa, jāyú. 4. svayukti. 5. yematur, śardhya. 6. pariṣūti, rebha, vandanaḥ, himá. 7. kṣetrād, vandanaḥ. 8. svarvatī, kṛpamāṇa. 9. makṣā, auśija (name), dadhyañc. 10. abhidhyu, śarya, carṣaṇīsah. 14. kumbha. [10 verses, 21 words +C].
120. 1. vidhātā, apracetas. 2. avidvas. 4. sahyas. 5. pajra, √iṣaya. 6. śubhas-patī, dán, gāyatra. 8. māku. 9. vājavatī. 10. tenāham. 12. abhuñjat. [9 verses, 13 words +C +M].
121. 1. nṛṁh. 4. prasarga. 6. jaraṇā. 8. vātāpya. 9. upanīta. 10. phaliga, grathita. 11. varāhu. 13. nāvyā. 14. durhaṇā. 15, pramahas. [10 verses, 11 words +C].
122. 1. pānta, √iṣudhya. 3. indrāparvata, vṛṣaṇvat. 4. huvadhyai, auśija (name), rāspa-. 5. huvadhyai, ghoṣā, √ruvaṇya, auśija (name). 7. pajra, śrutaratha, priya-. 8. pajra. 9. yakṣma, √vrādh, akṣṇa. 10. bāḷha, śárdhas. 11. gmantā, nabhoja. 12. daśataya. 13. iṣṭāśva, daśataya. 14. maṇi. 15. apsaḥ. [13 verses, 27 verses +C].
123. 2. sanutrī, punarbhū, jayantī. 5. aghasya. 7. śośucat. [3 verses, 5 words +C].
124. 1. ityai, prasāvi. 2. īyuṣī, aminatī. 3. prajānatīva. 4. eyuṣī. nodha. 6. arepasa. 7. apsaḥ. 9. ahas. 10. bodhayoṣa, jārayat. 13. stomya. [9 verses, 13 words +C].
125. 2. sugu. 3. kṣayadvīra. 7. śoka (from √śuc), suvrata. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
126. 1. atūrta. 4. pajra, madacyut. 5. anasvat, prayati, viśya, pajra. 6. bhojya. 7. romaśa, gandhāri. [5 verses, 10 words +C].
127. 2. parijmāna. 3. virukmata. 5. grabhaṇa, prāyu. 6. arhaṇā, apnasvatī. 7. abhidyu. 9. dyumnintama. 10. jogū, ṛṣu. 11. bharāgni, cetuna, sácanas. [8 verses, 13 words +C +M].
128. 1. ulūkhala. 2. ulūkhala. 3. ulūkhala. 4. yajñasyādhvara, ulūkhala. 5. bhojya, ulūkhala, abhihruta. 6. vāra, √iṣudhya, ulūkhala. 8. cetiṣṭha. [7 verses, 12 words +C +M].
129. 1. medhasāti, tūtujāná. 2. bharahūti, pratūrti. 3. araru, vṛṇakṣi, indrota. 4. prasāha. 5. kaya (kim), 6. kṣudra, bhavya. 7. durmanman. 8. atra. 11. avayātar. [9 verses, 14 words +C +M].
130. 2. haryatā, tuviṣṭam, vaṁsaga, sikta. 4. kṣadman, asana. 5. viśvadoha. 8. śāsat, tatṛṣāṇam, tṛḷha. 10. ahas. [5 verses, 11 words +C +M].
131. 2. saniṣyu. 7. amitrayantam. [2 verses, 2 words +C +M].
132, 1. indratvota, sāsaha. 2. krāṇā. 4. pūrvathā. 5. bādhé. 6. indrāparvata, catta, darman, gahana. [5 verses, 9 words +C +M].
133. 1. vailasthāna, √tṛṁha. 2. yātumat. 3. vailasthāna, yātumat. 5. piśāci. 7. sunvāna. [5 verses, 7 words +C +M].
134. 1. √makhasya, pūrvāpīti. 2. krāṇā, abhidyu. 3. pracakṣi. 5. takvan. [4 verses, 6 words +C +M].
135. 1 pūrvāpīti. 2. paripūta. 5. vājadā. 6. avyaya. 8. aśvattha, jāyú. 9. √vrādh, bāhu-, anāśu. [6 verses, 9 words +C +M].
136. 1. ādhṛṣe, mṛḷayat. 2. upastutya. 3. dhārāyatkṣiti, svarvatī. 5. √ṛjūya. 6. jīvat. [5 verses, 7 words +C +M].
137. 1. gośrīta, √śrī. 2. dadhi. 3. vāsara. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
138. 1. sumnayat. 2. uṣṭra. 3. navīyasi. [3 verses, 3 words +C +M].
139. 1. krāṇā. 4. sthāman, śāsat. 5. śacīvasu. 6. adriṣuta, udbhid. 7. adatta. 9. kaṇva, dadhyañc, priyamedha. 10. vena, ādiśa. [7 verses, 12 words +C +M].
140. 1. jyotīratha, sudyut, priya-. 2. vatsara, dvijanma, trivṛt. 3. sakṣit. 4. raghudru. 5. √śvas. 6. durgṛbhi, roruvat. 8. mamṛvas, keśinī, astṛta, jarā. 9. adhīvāsam. 10. √śvas, śiśumat. 11. preyas. 12. padvatī, aritra. [11 verses, 21 words].
141. 1. baṭ, bhargas. 6. papṛcāna. 7. jaraṇā. 8. yātá, vayas. 9. ara, ajayathā. 11. dharṇasi. [6 verses, 9 words].
142. 5. devavyacastama. 6. prayai. 7. naktoṣāsā. 8. √sidh. 12. gāyatra. [5 verses, 5 words].
143. 3. sudyut. 8. nimiṣat. [2 verses, 2 words].
144. 1. niṁs. 2. dohana. 5. abhivrajat. 6. enī. [4 verses, 4 words].
145. 1. praśis. 2. nāpara, sima. 3. ādatta, yajñasādhana. 4. √nand, mud, upasthāya, tatsāra, śvānta. 5. vanargu. [5 verses, 11 words].
146. 1. niṣatta, āpaprivas. 5. viśvadarśata, didṛkṣeṇya. [2 verses, 4 words].
147. 1. śucayat. 4. durukta. 5. pravidvam. [3 verses, 3 words]
148. 4. śarya, asana. [1 verse, 2 words].
149. 1. dán. 3. dvijanma. 5. dvijanma. [3 verses, 3 words].
150. 3. √vrādh. [1 verse, 1 word].
151. 2. purumīḷha. 5. nimruc, vāra (time). 6. takvan, keśinī . [3 verses, 5 words].
152. 1. pīvas. 2. ṛghāvat. 3. padvatī. 4. padyamāna. 6. brahmapriya. [5 verses, 5 words].
153. 3. ūna. 4. dán. [2 verses, 2 words].
154. 1. skabhāyat. 2. giriṣṭhā, kucara. 4. akṣīyamāna. [3 verses, 4 words].
155. 1. √dhiyāya, pānta. 2. asanā, dhīyamāna. 4. kramiṣṭa. 5. takvan. 6. vṛtta, vyatīn. [6 verses, 8 words].
156. 1. ardhya, vibhūta. 2. -jāni. 4. ahar-, triṣadhasthá. 5. sacatha, jinvat, evayā, sukṛttara. [4 verses, 9 words].
157. 1. prasāvi, yātave, āyukṣātām. 3. madhuvāhana, viśvasaubhaga. 4. √sidh, prāyu, kaśā. [3 verses, 8 words].
158. 3. pajra, taugrya. 4. edha, daśataya. 5. traitana, uras. 6. dīrghatamas. [4 verses, 7 words].
159. 3. pūrvacitti. 5. cetuna. [2 verses, 2 words].
160. 2. mahinaḥ. 3. pavitravat. 5. mahinaḥ, panāyya, tatanāma. [3 verses, 5 words].
161. 1. kula, druṇa, bhūtī. 3. yuvaśa, kṛtvī. 4. apṛcha. 7. yuvaśa. yuktvā , jarat, muñja. 9. bhūyiṣṭha. 10. sūnā, nimruc, māṁsa. 11. tṛṇa. 12. √mīl. 13. basta, apṛcha, vatsara. [9 verses, 19 words].
162. 1. devajāta, √mā. 2. prāvṛta. 3. abhipriya, chāga. 4. ṛtuśas. 6. pacanam, gūrti, yūpa. 7. āśā, pārṣṇī. 8. śīrṣaṇya, tṛṇa. 9. makṣā, kravi. 10. gandha, udara, kravi, ūvadhyam. 11. pacyamāna, tṛṇa, gātra.. 12. bhikṣā, gūrti. māṁsa. 13. caru, sūnā, apidhāna, māṁsa. 14. paḍbīśa, niṣadanam, ghāsi. 15. gandha, tvāgni, √ghrā. 16. paḍbīśa, adhīvāsam. 17. pārṣṇi, kaśā. 18. gātra, bandhá. 19. piṇḍa, gātra. 20. así, gātra, gṛdhnu, chidra. 21. rāsabha. 22. sugavya. [21 verses, 49 words].
163. 1. mastiṣka, pakṣa, hariṇa, upastutya. 2. gandharva, yama. 3. samayā. 5. nidhāna. 7. bhoga. 8. vrāta. 11. patayiṣṇu. 12. śasana. 13. gamyā. [9 verses, 13 words].
164. 2. √mā . 4. anasthan. 7. kṣīra. 8. bībhatsu, √mā. 10. muṣya. 11. ara. 12. purīṣin. 13. ara, sanābhi. 15. ekaja, devajā. 16. strī. 18. ara. 20. pippala, sayuj. 22. pippala. 23. triṣṭubh, gāyatra. 24. triṣṭubh, gāyatra. 25. rathaṁtara, gāyatra. 26. abhīddha. 29. √mā, √śiñj. 30. anat. 31. padyamāna. 37. saṁnaddha. 40. bhagavatī, viśvadānīm, tṛṇa. 41. catuṣpadī, sahasrākṣa. 43. viṣūvat. 44. dhrāji, vatsara. 45. √iṅg. 46. garutmat, bahudhā, yama. 47. niyānam. 48. √cal. 49 dhātave (dhe). 50. sādhya. 52. sarasvat. [32 verses, 46 words +M].
165. 1. kapota. 5. etā, svakṣatra. 8. viśvaścandra. 14. mānya. 15. mānya, vāyā , māndārya, vidyāmeṣam. [5 verses, 9 words].
166. 1. ketave. 2. haviṣkṛta. 6. cetuna. 7. suṣṭhu, alātṛṇa. 8. śatabhuji, abhihruta. 9. samayā. 10. etā, pakṣa, kṣura. 11. stubh. 13. jāmitva. 14. íṣṭi. 15. vayā, mānya, māndārya, vidyāmeṣam. [11 verses, 18 words].
167. 2. sumāyā. 3. mimyakṣa, hiraṇyanirṇij. 5. stukā. 6. gātha, pajra. 7. √ahaṁya. 8. dātivāra. 9. ārāttāt. 11. vayā, mānya, māndārya, vidyāmeṣam. [8 verses, 13 words].
168. 2. nokṣaṇa. 3. hṛtsu. 4. kaśā. 5. ṛṣṭividyut, ahanya. 6. saṁhita, udīrayat. 7. √jañj, svarvatī. 9. iriṇa. 10. vayā, mānya, māndārya, vidyāmeṣam. [8 verses, 14 words].
169. 2. pradhana, pṛtsuti. 3. dvīpa, śuśukvas. 6. etā , yāhīndra. 7. etā, ṛṇāvā, upabdi. 8. māna, vidyāmeṣam [5 verses, 11 words].
170. 1. dhīta. 2. √klp, sādhuyā. [2 verses, 3 words].
171. 1. svarvatī. 4. māna, īṣamāṇa. 6. avayātar, supraketa, sahīyas, vidyāmeṣam. [3 verses, 7 words].
172. 3. tṛṇa, √skand. [1 verse, 2 words].
173. 1. sadmānam. 3. krandat. 4. sugmya. 5. vṛṣaṇvat. 6. kakṣya. 9. suṣakhi. 10. viṣpardhas. 11. √sidh, ṛndhat, pariyat. 13. vidyāmeṣam. [9 verses, 11 words].
174. 1. vasavāna. 3. śūrapatnī. 4. pavīrava. 7. duryoṇa, dānucitrā, upabarhaṇa. 10. nṛpātā, vidyāmeṣam. [5 verses, 8 words].
175. 2. sahāvān. 3. sahāvān. 5. dyumnintama, varivovid, vṛtraghna. 6. tṛṣyat, vidyāmeṣam. [4 verses, 7 words].
176. 1. vasyaiṣṭi, ṛghāyamāṇa. 3. asmadhruk. 4. vedana. 6. tṛṣyat, vidyāmeṣam. [4 verses, 6 words].
177. 1. yuktvā. 2. vṛṣaratha. 3. yuktvā. 5. mānya, vidyāmeṣam. [4 verses, 5 words].
178. 3. prabhartar. 4. mitriṇa. 5. vidyāmeṣam. [3 verses, 3 words]
179. 3. samyak, śatanītha. 4. amutas, √śvas, adhīra. 5. pulu, hṛtsu. [3 verses, 7 words].
180. 2. viśvagūrta. 3. vanína. 5. jūrṇa, taugrya. 6. suvrata. 7. nindya. 8. prasravaṇa. 9. syandrā. 10. vidyāmeṣam, ariṣṭanemi.. [8 verses, 10 words].
181. 1. vasudhitī. 2. vātaraṁhas. 3. javīyas, pravatvat, sthātāva, gamyā. 4. √makhasya, ūhe, arepasa. 5. mathra, gamyā. 6. niṣṣāt. 7. ayāman, bāḷha. 9. vidyāmeṣam, uṣām. [8 verses, 16 words].
182. 1. viṣpalā, vṛṣaṇvat. 2. daṁsiṣṭha, ācitam. 3. √mahīya, kramiṣṭa. 4. √rai. 5. pakṣa, ātmanvat, taugrya. 6. taugrya, ārambhaṇa. 7. taugrya, ārabhe. 8. māna, vidyāmeṣam. [8 verses, 16 words].
183. 1. javīyas. 5. diṣṭa, purumīḷha, √ṛjūya. 6. vidyāmeṣam. [3 verses, 5 words].
184. 1. sudāstara. 2. acchokti. 3. jūrṇa. 4. mānya. 5. māna. 6. vidyāmeṣam. [6 verses, 6 words].
185. 2. apada. 5. √ghrā. 9. sudāstara. 11. vidyāmeṣam. [4 verses, 4 words].
186. 6. tuviṣṭama, gamyā. 8. riśādas. 9. prayuj, iriṇa. 10. adveṣa. 11. vidyāmeṣam. [5 verses, 7 words].
187. 1. stoṣad, dharmán. 3. adviṣeṇya, advayas. 5. tuvigrīva. 7. gamyā. 8. √āriś, vātāpi. 9, vātāpi. 10. vātāpi, vṛkka. [7 verses, 11 words].
188. 1. sahasrajit. 5. vibhvī, virāṭ, bahvī. 6. surukmā. 11. purogā, gāyatra, svāhākṛti. [4 verses, 8 words].
189. 1. bhūyiṣṭha. 4. śuśukvas. 5. dat, aviṣyu. 6. viśvād, abhihruta. 7. śāsya. 8. māna, vidyāmeṣam. [6 verses, 9 words].
190. 1. gātha. 2. ṛtvīya. 3. ahanya. 5. pajra, piyāru. 6. pariprīta. 7. stubh. 8. vidyāmeṣam. [7 verses, 8 words].
191. 1. satīna. 2. pinaṣṭi. 3. darbha, muñja. 6. √il. 7. sūcī. 8. yātudhāna. 9. asau. 11. so (tad). 12. liṅga. 15. saṁvat. 16. vṛścika. [11 verses, 12 words +M].
190/191 hymns, 1112 verses, 1750 words + 61 C + 24 M.
BOOK VIII.
1. 2. ubhāvin, krakṣa, saṁvanana, carsaṇīsah. 5. śatāmagha. 6. abhuñjat, vasutvana. 7. gāyatra, √al. 8. gāyatra, kaṇva. 9. raghudru. 10. gāyatra, urudhāra. 11. parṇin, astṛta, gandharva. 12. iṣkartā, jatru, saṁdhi. 13. duroṣa, niṣṭya. 14. anāśu. 15. tugrya. 19. madintama. 20. √yāc, galdā. 21. madacyut. 22. viśvagūrta. 23. udara. 25. vivakṣaṇa. 26. rasina, pariṣkṛta. 30. medhyātithi, ninditāśva. 31. vananvat. 32. svanadratha. 33. naḷa, playoga. 34. anasthan, subhadra, ūru, √ramb, abhicakṣya. [24 verses, 44 words +C].
2. 1. supūrṇa, udara. 2. √śrī, paripūta. 3. √śrī, svādu. 8. supūrṇa. 9. puruniṣṭha, dadhan, kṣīra. 10. √yāc. 11. √śrī, 12. hṛtsu, durmada. 14. gāyatra. 16. kaṇva. 19. -jāni. 20. sāyam, durhaṇā, jāmātar. 22. yaśastara, kaṇva. 28. √śrī. 34. vājadāvan. 35. prabhartar. 37. priyamedha. 38. kaṇva, gātha. 40. medhyātithi, kaṇva, meṣa. 41. vibhindu. 42. naptī, janitva, payovṛdh. [21 verses, 35 words +C].
3. 1. rasina. 4. sahaskṛta. 7. samīcīna, pūrvāpīti. 8. pūrvathā. 9. praskaṇva, pūrvacitti. 10. vŕṣṇi. 12. kṛpa (name), paura (name), śyāvaka, ruśama. 16. priyamedha, kaṇva. 17. vṛtrahantama, pajra. 18. vavasu, vena, medhasāti. 19. bṛhatī (meter). 21. sthāman. 22. kakṣya, vibodhana, sthāman. 23. tugrya. 24. ojodā, sthāman, abhyañjana. [15 verses, 28 words +C].
4. 1. nyak, sima. 2. kaṇva, kṛpa, śyāvaka, ruśama. 3. tṛṣyat, iriṇa, kaṇva. 4. muṣya. 5. yahu. 6. prāvarga, yavīyudh. 7. abhicakṣya. 8. √ruṣ, sampṛkta. 9. surūpa, śvātra. 10. tṛṣyat, ṛśya. 12. dāśuri. 14. adhvaraśrī. 16. kṣura. 17. pajra. 19. kuruṅga. 20. kaṇva, priyamedha, abhidyu. [16 verses, 28 words +C +M].
5. 1. aruṇapsu. 2. manoyuja. 4. kaṇva. 5. śubhas-patī, gantāra. 6. sudeva. 8. sāragha. 9. ahar-. 11. śubhas-patī , hiraṇyavartani. 15. śatavat. 20. pīvarī. 21. ahar-. 22 jahita, taugrya, abhayaṁkara. 23. apiripta, kaṇva. 24. vṛṣaṇvasu. 25. upastuta (name), śiñjara, kaṇva, priyamedha. 26. sobharī. 27. vṛṣaṇvasu. 29. īṣā. 33. parṇin. 35. dhījavana, dravatpāṇi, dhījavana. 36. vṛṣaṇvasu. 37. uṣṭra, kaśu, caidya. 38. adhaspada, caidya. 39. net (lest), caidya, bhūridāvattara. [24 verses, 39 words +C].
6. 1. durṇāman, vṛṣṭimat. 2. piprat. 3. kaṇva. 4. durṇāman. 6. bibheda, vṛṣṇí, śataparvaṇā. 8. kaṇva. 9. pūrvacitti. 11. kaṇva. 12. mamed. 13. parvaśas. 14. dharṇasi. 16. śiśnatha. 18. mamed. 21. kaṇva. 24. āśvaśva, nāhuṣī. 27. urujrayasam. 28. upahvara. 30. vāsara. 31. kaṇva. 34. kaṇva, vananvat. 35. -manyu. 36. haryatā. 37. vṛtrahantama. 39. vívasvat (name). 43. kaṇva. 44. saniṣyu, vimah. 45. priyamedha. 46. parśu (name), tirindira. 47. pajra. 48. uṣṭra, udānaṭ. [30 verses, 38 words].
7. 1. triṣṭubh. 3. pṛśnimātara. 7. aruṇapsu. 8. yātave. 10. kavandha. 11. sumnāyat. 13. madacyut. 16. duhát. 17. svāna, pṛśnimātara. 18. kaṇva. 19. kaṇva. 22. parvaśas. 23. vŕṣṇi, parvaśas. 25. abhidyyu. 27. √makhasya. 28 praṣṭi. 31. kadha. 32. kaṇva. 34. parśāna. 35. akṣṇa, dhātā. 36. chanda. [20 verses, 24 words].
8. 1. hiraṇyavartani. 2. sūryatvac, hiraṇyapeśasa, bhuji. 3. kaṇva. 4. kaṇva, antarikṣād. 5. upaśruti. 8. kaṇva. 9. vṛtrahantama. 12. manotarā. 13. ṛtvīya. 14. ambara. 17. riśādas. 18. yāmahūti, priyamedha. 20. kaṇva, vaśa, medhātithi, gośarya, daśavraja. 22. vṛtrahantama. [14 verses, 22 words].
9. 3. kaṇva. 6. √bhiṣajya, √vindh. 7. atharvan. 8. raghuvartani. 10. vena, pṛthī, vyaśva, dīrghatamas. 12. vikramaṇam. 13. turvaṇe. 14. kaṇva. 15. vimada. 17. bodhayoṣa. 18. nṛpāyya. 20. nṛsāhya. [12 verses, 16 words +M].
10. 4. yajñasyādhvara. [1 verse, 1 word +C +M].
11. 2. sahantya. 8. sadṛṅṅ. 9, citrarādhas. [3 verses, 3 words].
12. 1 atriṇam. 3 yātave. 6. sakhitvana. 10. saparyanta, ṛtvīya, navīyasī. 13. pramandu, ukthavāha. 15. vivrata. 16. sam, āptya. 17. sam. 18. sam. 19. gṛṇīṣaṇi, turvaṇe. 25 haryatā. 26. haryatā, nadīvṛt. 27. haryatā. 28 haryatā. 29. mārutī. 31. piprat. 32. dohana, samīcīna. 33. sugavya, pūrvacitti. [18 verses, 26 words].
13. 3 apsujit. 7. made-made, pravatvat. 10. gantāra. 11. mahemati, prasakṣiṇa, tūtujāná. 12. gṛṇatsu, vasutvana. 18. atnata, sadāvṛdha. 19 anuvrata. 23. madintama. 26. manoyuja. 29. pratūrti. [10 verses, 15 words].
14. 1. īśīya, gosakhā. 9. parāṇude. 13. phena, ajaya. [3 verses, 5 words +C].
15. 3. jaitra. 4. hariśrī, ulokakṛtnu. 6. pūrvathā. 8. √hinv. 13. jaitra, āviśan. [5 verses, 7 words +C].
16. 1. nṛsāha. 9. gāyatra. 12. √gātuya. 18. stomya. [4 verses, 4 words].
17. 5. gātra. 6. svādu. 8. udara, subāhu. 9. prehi. 10. aṅkuṣa. 12. √khaṇḍ, śācigu, śāci, √pūj, prahūyase. 13. √kuṇḍ. 14. sthūṇa. 15. pṛdāku. 18. tuvigrīva. [10 verses, 15 words].
18. 6. advayas. 7. śaṁtāti. 10. yuyotana, apāmivām, √sidh. 14. durhaṇā, dvayu. 15. dvayu, sthana, hṛtsu, pākatrā. 18. drāgh, tuce. 21. mitrāryama, mṛtyubandhu. [7 verses, 15 words].
19. 2. vibhūta, īḷiṣva, yantura, sobharī. 6. dyumnintama. 7. svagni. 8. mitriya. 9. kṣayadvīra. 11. viṣa (servant). 12. upari, yahu, makṣūtama. 13. ajiraśocis. 15. atriṇam. 16. indratvota, gātuvid. 20. sāsaha. 24. gandha. 26. pāpatva. 28. tavāham. 31. vastu. 32. sahasramuṣka, āganma, sobharī, trāsadasyava. 35. carṣaṇīsah, mitrāryama. [17 verses, 27 words +M].
20. 2. vīḷupavibhi, sobharī. 4. dvīpa, tiṣṭhat. 6. yātave, kṣamā, bāhu-, dediśat. 7. ahruta. 8. sobharī. 10. vṛṣaṇaśva, pakṣa. 14. caramá, ara. 19. naviṣṭha, sobharī. 22. bhrātṛtva. 25. subarhis. 26. ātura, iṣkartā. [11 verses, 20 words +M].
21. 4. abandhu. 5. vivakṣaṇa, gośrīta, √śrī. 6. acchāvad. 8. bhojya. 10. carṣaṇīsah. 11. svasantam, bhrātṛvya, √śvas, saṁstha. 13. anāpi. 17. citra (name). 18. citra (name), anyaka. [9 verses, 15 words +M].
22. 1. daṁsiṣṭha, rudrāvartani. 2. sobharī. 3. gantāra, purubhūtama. 4. śubhas-patī, īrmānyad. 7. tṛkṣi, śubhas-patī, trāsadasyava. 8. vṛṣaṇvasu. 9. pīvarī, vṛṣaṇvasu. 10. √bhiṣajya, ātura. 11. adhrigāva. 12. purubhūtama. 14. śubhas-patī. 15. sugmya, sobharī. 16. madacyut, ārāttāt. 17. hiraṇyavat. 18. suṣṭhu, prāvarga, rakṣasvina, anādhṛṣṭa. [15 verses, 27 words +M].
23. 1. īḷiṣva, pratīvya, agṛbhīta. 2. viśvamanas, viṣpardhas. 4. tapurjambha, sudyut, gaṇaśrī, dīdiyus. 8. adbhutakratu. 13. √sidh. 16. śita, √ukṣaṇya, vyaśva. 17. āyaji. 23. vyaśva. 24. yūpa, vyaśva. 27. vaṁsva. 28. varo, suṣāman. 30. pūtadakṣasaḥ. [12 verses, 22 words +C].
24. 5. paribādha, āmur, daṁsiṣṭha. 7. viśvamanas, vṛtrahantama. 9. aparīta, śatavat. 10. dṛhya, mahāmaha, maghatti. 11. anyatra. 14. aśvya. 15. bhandanā, evathā. 16. sadāvṛdha. 17. bhandanā, pūrvyastuti. 18. prāyu. 19. stomya. 20. svādīyas. 21. etave. 22. vyaśva. 23. vyaśva. 24. vettha, paripada. 25. kṛtvan, śiśnatha. 26. sanyas, daṁsiṣṭha. 27. ṛkṣa. 28. varo, suṣāman, vyaśva. 29. vyaśva. 30. apaśrita. [22 verses, 35 words +C].
25. 1. √gup, pūtadakṣasaḥ. 2. mitrā (pl.), suṣāman. 3. pramahas. 5. sṛpradānu. 9. akṣṇa, ulbaṇa, gātuvid. 10. vṛddhaśavas. 11. nāvá. 12. pūrvacitti. 15. kaya (kim). 16. purūru. 22. rajata, ukṣaṇyāyana, suṣāman. 23. nṛvāhasa. 24. naviṣṭha, kaśā. [13 verses, 20 words +C].
26. 1. atūrta, vṛṣaṇvasu. 2. varo, suṣāman , vṛṣaṇvasu. 3. pakṣa. 5. vṛṣaṇvasu. 6. madhuvarṇa, śubhas-patī. 8. pratīvya, sácanas. 9. √ukṣaṇya, vyaśva. 10. nedīyas. 11. vyaśva. 13. saparyanta. 14. nṛpāyya. 15. nṛpāyya, vṛṣaṇvasu. 18. hiraṇyavartani. 19. yāvānam. 21. jāmātar. 22. jāmātar. [16 verses, 23 words +C].
27. 4. riśādas. 6. yāthanā. 7. iddhāgni, hitaprayas. 8. saniṣyu. 10. riśādas. 11. namasyu, bhakti. 12. patayiṣṇu. 14. tuce, varivovid. 15. dhūrti, saṁstha. 19. prabudh, nimruc, priya-. 22. bahupāyya. [11 verses, 17 words +C].
28. 3 nyak. 4. āminat. [2 verses, 2 words +C +M].
29. 6. jalāṣabheṣaja. 8. pravāsa. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
30. 1. satás, arbhaka, kumāraka. 2. riśādas. 4. sthana. [3 verses, 5 words +C +M].
31. 6. samyak. 8. kumārin, putriṇam, hiraṇyapeśasa. 9. romaśa. 11. sarvadhā. 14. saparyanta. 16. sunvāna. 18. āśvaśva. [7 verses, 9 words +C +M].
32. 1. kaṇva, gātha. 2. ahīśū, anarśaṇi. 3. varṣmāṇa, viṣṭap, sudakṣiṇa. 9. hiraṇyavat. 11. saṁstha. 20. tugrya. 22. avacākaśat. 25. nyak, phaliga. 26. ṛcīṣama, ahīśū, āviddhyat, himá. 27. devattam, prasakṣiṇa. 29. hiraṇyakeśa. 30, priyamedha. [12 verses, 21 words +C].
33. 1. prasravaṇa. 2. vaṁsaga. 3. kaṇva. 4. medhyātithi. 5. ākara, śatāmagha. 6. śākin, dhṛṣita, vibhūta. 9, saṁskṛta. 10. vṛṣajūti. 15. mahāmaha. 16. śāstra, kaśā. 17. śāsya, strī. 18. madacyut. 19. upari, strī. [13 verses, 19 words +C].
34. 1. kaṇva, śāsat, muṣya. 2. śāsat, muṣya. 3. urā, śāsat, muṣya. 4. kaṇva, śāsat, muṣya. 5. śāsat, muṣya. 6. śāsat, muṣya. 7. mahemati, śāsat, śatāmagha, sahasraūti, muṣya. 8. śāsat, muṣya. 9. pakṣa, madacyut, śāsat, muṣya. 10. śāsat, muṣya. 11. upaśruti, śāsat, muṣya. 12. śāsat, muṣya. 13. viṣṭap, samudrasyādhi, śāsat, muṣya. 14. dardṛhi, śāsat, muṣya. 15. śāsat, muṣya. 16. vasurocis. 17. vātaraṁhas. 18. pārāvata. [18 verses, 45 words +C].
35. 5. yuvaśa. 7. haridrāva. 12. mitriṇa. 16. √sidh. 17. √sidh. 18. √sidh. 19. pūrvyastuti, madacyut, śyāvāśva. 20. madacyut, śyāvāśva. 21. madacyut, śyāvāśva. 23. vivakṣaṇa. [10 verses, 14 words +C +M].
36. 1. apsujit, sehāna. 2. apsujit, sehāna. 3. apsujit, sehāna. 4. apsujit, sehāna. 5. apsujit, sehāna. 6. apsujit, sehāna. 7. nṛsāhya, śyāvāśva. [7 verses, 14 words +C +M].
37. 2. sehāna. 5. prayuj. 7. nṛsāhya, śyāvāśva. [3 verses, 4 words +C +M].
38. 2. yāvānam. 6. gāyatra. 7. jenyāvasu. 8. śyāvāśva. 10. gāyatra. [5 verses, 5 words +C].
39. 1. nabhantām, anyaka. 2. √yucch, āmur, rarāvan, nabhantām, anyaka. 3. kṛpaṇa, nabhantām, anyaka. 4. ūrjāhuti, nabhantām, anyaka. 5. sahīyas, pratīvya, nabhantām, anyaka. 6. nabhantām, anyaka. 7. mud, nabhantām, anyaka. 8. dasyuhan, āganma, mandhātar, nabhantām, anyaka. 9. pariṣkṛta, nabhantām, anyaka. 10. parisruta, svasetu, nabhantām, anyaka. [10 verses, 34 words +M].
40. 1. anyaka, nabhantām. 2. medhasāti, anyaka, nabhantām. 3. anyaka, nabhantām. 4. anyaka, nabhantām. 5. bāra, anyaka, nabhantām. 6. guṣpita, purāṇavat, anyaka, nabhantām. 7. sāsaha, anyaka, nabhantām. 8. anyaka, nabhantām, bandhá. 9. √hinv, anyaka, nabhantām. 10. āṇḍa, svarvatī, anyaka, nabhantām. 11. āṇḍa, svarvatī, anyaka, nabhantām. 12. evendrāgni, mandhātar, pitṛvat. [12 verses, 36 words +M].
41. 1. anyaka, nabhantām. 2. anyaka, nabhantām, udaya, saptasvasā. 3. anyaka, nabhantām. 4. anyaka, nabhantām. 5. anyaka, nabhantām. 6. anyaka, nabhantām, ayukṣata. 7. anyaka, nabhantām. 8. anyaka, nabhantām, yajus. 9. anyaka, nabhantām. 10. anyaka, nabhantām. [10 verses, 24 words +M].
42. 1. varimán. 3. śikṣamāṇa, yayāti. 4. anyaka, nabhantām. 5. anyaka, nabhantām. 6. anyaka, nabhantām. [5 verses, 9 words].
43. 1. astṛta. 3. pariṣkṛta, dat. 4. dhūmaketu. 6. patsutas. 7. bapsat. 8. √jañj, √aṇ. 10. niṁs. 11. somapṛṣṭha. 16. sahaskṛta. 17. tvāgni. 19. √hinv. 21. sadṛṅṅ. 22. īḷiṣva. 24. adhyakṣa. 26. dahat. 28. sahaskṛta. [16 verses, 18 words +C].
44. 1. tūtujāná. 10. dhūmaketu. 11. sahaskṛta. 16. kakud. 18. svarpati. 26. viśvād. [6 verses, 6 words +C].
45. 3. yuddha. 4. bunda. 5. śatrutva, śavasī, apsaḥ. 11. vivakṣaṇa, śanaiḥ. 13. ādārin. 15. dāśuri, maghatti. 17. śrutkarṇa. 18. durmarṣa. 23. aviṣyu. 24. goparīṇas. 26. dediṣṭa, kadrū. 27. turvaṇe. 29. tugrya. 30. etave, triśoka. 31 √manasya. 38. āvaya. 41. parśāna. [17 verses, 23 words].
46. 2. pariṣkṛta. 8. vṛtrahantama. 9. śravāyya. 10. mahāmaha, √aśvaya. 12. śrāvayat. 14. śākin. 16. kṛpaya. 19. codayanmati. 20. cetiṣṭha, prasāha. 21. aśvya (name), pṛthuśravas, kanīta, vaśa, pūrtam. 22. uṣṭra. 23. mathra. 24. pṛthuśravas, kanīta. 27. araṭva, sukṛttara. 31. uṣṭra, acikradat, śvitna. 33. aśvya (name), vaśa. [16 verses, 27 words +C +M].
47. 2. upari, pakṣa. 3. pakṣa. 4. jīvātu. 6. yuṣmādatta. 7. √drā. 10. ātura. 11. neṣathā, kula. 12. rakṣasvina. 13. dadhātama, āptya. 14. āptya, duṣvapnya. 15. āptya, duṣvapnya. 16. duṣvapnya, dvitá (name). 17. kalā, āptya, duṣvapnya. 18. duṣvapnya, bhūmán. [14 verses, 23 words +C +M].
48. 1. bruvat, varivovid, abhakṣi. 2. avāyatar. 3. dhūrti. 5. srāma, caritra. 6. pracakṣi. 7. vāsara. 8. √al, anukāma. 9. gātra, suṣakhi. 10. dharyaśva. 11. aruhad. 12. hṛtsu. 14. jalpi, nidrā. [12 verses, 18 words +C].
49. 4. vivakṣaṇa, pra, kṣudra. 5. kaṇva. 7. mahemati. 8. prasakṣiṇa, parīyasa. 9. medhyātithi, nīpātithi. 10. gośarya, kaṇva, hiraṇyavat, daśavraja. [6 verses, 13 words +C].
50. 2. somakāma. 5. gūrti, paura (name). 6. pra, vivici. 7. mahemati. 8. rathirāsa, parīyasa, piprat. 9. vaśa, daśavraja. 10. hariśrī, gośarya, kaṇva, mayi, asiṣāsad. [7 verses, 16 words +C].
51. 1. medhyātithi, nīpātithi, puṣṭigu, śruṣṭigu, saṁvaraṇa. 2. pṛṣadvāṇa, praskaṇva. 3. asiṣāsad, cikit, acchāvad, √vindh, bhojase. 5. navīyasī. 8. amū, ghoṣayat. 9. ruśama. [6 verses, 16 words +C].
52. 1. vívasvat (name). 2. medhya, pṛṣadhra, ṛjūnas, syūmaraśmi. 3. dhṛṣita. 4. goduḥ. 5. ayāman. 7. √yucch. 8. kaṇva. [7 verses, 10 words].
53. 1. govid. 5. nedīyas. 8. √aśvaya. [3 verses, 3 words +C.].
54. 1. paura (name). 2. kṛśa (name), saṁvarta. 8. praskaṇva. [3 verses, 4 words].
55. 2. tāraḥ. 3. venū, balbaja, stukā. 4. vicarat, kaṇva, sudeva. [3 verses, 7 words +C].
56. 1. práth. 2. pūtakratu. 3. ūrṇāvat, gardabha. 4. yūthya, pūtakratu. 5. arocata. [5 verses, 7 words +C +M].
57. 2. dīdyāgni. 3. panāyya. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
58. 1. √klp, bahudhā, saṁvid. 2. bahudhā. 3. ketumat, atirikta. [3 verses, 6 words +C].
59. 1. bhāgadheyam. 3. kṛśa (name), śubhas-patī. 6. adatta. 7. dīrghāyu, adṛpta, bhūti. [4 verses, 7 words].
60. 6. svagni, śociṣṭha. 7. durmanman, asmadhruk. 8. rakṣasvina. 11. vayovṛdh, súnītī. 12. ādiśa, śacīvasu. 13. yahu. 14. suhutam, vaṁsva. 15. haviṣkṛta. 16. tvāgni. 17. hitaprayas. 18. suṣāman. 20. rakṣasvina, √sidh. [12 verses, 18 words].
61. 2. niṣṭatakṣa. 7. vasutti. 9. avipra, √ahaṁya. 10. mṛkṣa. 12. kāti. 15. caramá. 18. tuvīmagha. [7 verses, 8 words].
62. 2. ayāsya. 6. juṣṭvī, ṛcīṣama. 10. bhūrigu. [3 verses, 4 words +C +M].
63. 1. vena, dvārā. 2. somapṛṣṭha. 5. varasya, śvātra. 8. anuṣṭuti. 9. kramiṣṭa, odana. 10. dakṣapitara. 11. baṭ, ṛtvīya. 12. pajra, bharahūti. [8 verses, 13 words].
64. 2. arādhas. 4. āghoṣat, prehi. 5. śatavat, rurojitha. 7. tuvigrīva, anānata. 10. mānuṣe-jane, sūyata. 11. madintama. [6 verses, 10 words].
65. 1. nyak. 2. prasravaṇa. 3. bhojase. [3 verses, 3 words].
66. 1. vidadvasu. 2. ādṛtya. 3. mṛkṣa. 4. khāta, kāṇuka. 7. hyas. 8. urā. 10. astṛta, ahar-, bekanāṭa, vṛtraghna. 11. purūtama. 14. gātuvid. 15. kali. [10 verses, 14 words].
67. 1. √yāc. 2. aṁhatí. 4. mitrāryama. 5. hátha. 7. adbhutainasa. 9. aviṣyu. 14 baddham. 18. sanyas, bandhá. 19. √skand. 20. kṛtrima. 21. saṁhita, aṁhatí. [11 verses, 13 words].
68. 4. anānata. 5. sadāvṛdha. 6. ṛcīṣama. 7. anuṣṭuti. 10. girvaṇastama, purumāyya. 11. svādu. 14. pacyamāna, svādu, harṣyā. 15. ṛkṣa, aśvamedha, indrota. 16. ṛkṣa, aśvamedha. 17. pūtakratu. 18. vṛṣaṇvat, aiṣu, kaśā. [11 verses, 19 words +C].
69. 1. triṣṭubh, medhasāti. 2. √iṣudhya, odatī. 3. triśvā, √śrī. 6. upahvara. 7. pitvā, viṣṭap. 8. priyamedha. 9. gargara, godhā. 10. enī. 11. saṁśiśvan. 12. sudeva. 13. vyatīn. 14. kani=kanīna, odana, √skand. 15. pakṣa, arbhaka, kumāraka. 16. sahasrapād, svastigā. 17. etave. 18. hitaprayas, prayati, priyamedha. pratnasyaukasa. [16 verses, 29 words +C +M].
70. 2. hanman. 3. sadāvṛdha, viśvagūrta, ṛbhvas. 4. anonavuḥ. 7. dīrghāyu. 8. araṇa. 9. maghatti. 10. śiśnatha, hátha. 11. anyavrata. 13. śara. 14. ekam-eka, śara, barhiṣmat. 15. dhātave (dhe), śūradeva. [11 verses, 17 words +M].
71. 2. priya-. 5. medhasāti. 12. kṣaitra, devayajya. 14. īḷiṣva, purumīḷha, gātha. 15. ṛṣu, vastu. [5 verses, 9 words].
72. 1. praśāsana. 2. manāv. 4. dhanus, aruhad. 5. ambi. 7. svar (√svṛ). 8. trivṛt, kheda. 9. navīyasī. 10. bāra, nīcīna, parijmāna. 11. visarjana, puṣkara. 15. bapsat, srakva. 16. saptapadī. 17. ātura. 18. nidhāna. [13 verses, 19 words].
73. 2. javīyas. 3. himá. 4. jagmathu. 5. śuśrūya. 6. yāmahūtama, ātap. 9. saptavadhri. 10. vṛṣaṇvasu. 11. purāṇavat, jarat. 16. aruṇapsu. 17. vicākaśat. [10 verses, 12 words].
74. 4. vṛtrahantama, ṛkṣa, āganma, śrutarvan. 5. ghṛtavāhana. 10. rathaprā. 12. madacyut. 13. ṛkṣa, mṛkṣa, stukā, śárdhas, śrutarvan. 14. tugrya, dravitnu. 15. aśvadā. [7 verses, 15 words].
75. 5. √makhasya, nedīyas. 6. abhidyu, virūpa (name). 7. senayāgni. 9. aṁhatí. 12. saṁvarga, mahādhana. 15. saṁvat. [6 verses, 9 words +C].
76. 2. marutsakhā, śataparvaṇā. 3. marutsakhā. 9. marutsakhā. 10. uttiṣṭhat. 11. kṣura, dasyuhan, krakṣa. 12. ṛtaspṛś. [6 verses, 9 words].
77. 2. śavasī, ahīśū. 3. kheda, ara, dasyuhan. 5. abudhna, gandharva. 6. svātata, bunda, odana, aviddhyat. 10. odana, varāha, kṣīra. 11. dhanus, saṁskṛta, bunda. [6 verses, 17 words].
78. 2. vyañjana, abhyañjana, manā. 7. somapāvan, vṛtraghna. 8. aparihvṛta, udara. 9. √aśvaya, √hiraṇyaya. 10. kāśi. [5 verses, 10 words].
79. 1. agṛbhīta, udbhid. 3. tanūkṛt. 4. aghasya. 5. tṛṣyat. 7. adṛpta. 9. √sidh. [6 verses, 7 words].
80. 3. sunvāna, radhracodana. 5. hánta. 7. ṛtvīya, dṛhya. 10. ekadyū, jagamyāt. [4 verses, 7 words].
81. 2. tuvīmagha. 5. stoṣad. 8. sanitva. 9. viśvaścandra. [4 verses, 4 words].
82. 1. prabharman. 2. stoṣad, dadhŕṣ, mādayiṣṇu. 4. aśatru. 5. √śrī. 6. tṛpti. 8. candramas. 9. aspṛtam, padābharat. [7 verses, 10 words].
83. 5. riśādas, aghasya. 8. bhrātṛtva. 9. abhidyu. [3 verses, 4 words].
84. 3. ekaja, nṛṁh. 5. yahu. 7. goṣāti. 8. yāvānam. [4 verses, 5 words].
85. 3. kṛṣṇa (name). 4. kṛṣṇa (name). 7. vīḷvāṅga, rāsabha, vṛṣaṇvasu. 8. trivṛt. [4 verses, 6 words +C].
86. 1. kṛtha, tanūkṛt, viśvaka. 2. vasyaiṣṭi, vimanas, kṛtha, tanūkṛt, viśvaka. 3. vasyaiṣṭi, kṛtha, tanūkṛt, viśvaka, viṣṇapu. 9. brahmodyatam. 18. sūnā. [5 verses, 15 words +C].
87. 1. iriṇa. 3. priyamedha. 4. iriṇa. 5. hiraṇyavartani, śubhas-patī. 22. tvāgni. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
88. -----
89. 1. vṛtrahantama. 2. bṛhadbhānu, aśastihan, marudgaṇa. 3. śataparvaṇā. 4. dhṛṣanmanas. 5. ajayathā, prabharman. [5 verses, 8 words +C].
90. 1. ṛcīṣama. 4. ākṛdhi, anānata. [2 verses, 3 words +C].
91. 2. apūpa, asau, vīraka, karambhin, vicākaśat. 3. śanaiḥ. 5. viṣṭap, tatá, udara. 6. tatá, asau. 7. sūryatvac, romaśa. [5 verses, 13 words +M].
92. 2. gātha. 6. pītvā. 7. āyata. 9. tuvīmagha. 10. śatavāja, sahasravāja. 13. anukāma. 14. kāti. 15. dravitnu. 16. dyumni(n)tama. 17. ojodā, vṛtrahantama. 19. madvan, ṛcīṣama. 21. atnata. 25. śrutakakṣa. 28. vīrayu. 31. ādiśa. [15 verses, 18 words +C].
93. 2. bāhu-, bibheda. 3. yavamat, urudhāra. 9. astṛta. 11. ādiśa. 13. rohiṇī. 15. astṛta, ajāta. 16. vṛtrahantama. 17. √gavyaya. 18. bodhinmanas. 24. hiraṇyakeśa. [10 verses, 13 words].
94. 2. sūryamāsā. 5. jāḥ, triṣadhasthá. 7. pūtadakṣasaḥ. 10. pūtadakṣasaḥ. 12. giriṣṭhā, mārutaṁ-gaṇam. [5 verses, 7 words].
95. 3. śyenābhṛta. 5. navīyasī, cikitvinmanas. 7. āśīrvat. [3 verses, 4 words].
96. 2. saṁhita. 3. bhūyiṣṭha. 5. hantavā, madacyut. 7. īṣamāṇa, √śvas. 8. bhāgadheyam. 10. śivatama. 11. druṇā, ukthavāha. 12. √ruvaṇya. 13. √snih. 14. upahvara. 15. titviṣāṇa. 16. aśatru. 17. dhṛṣita. 18. tastabhāna, ajaya. 19. -manyu. [14 verses, 18 words].
97. 2. avyaya. 5. viṣṭap, vṛtrahantama, samudrasyādi. 6. sūnṛtāvat. 10. āmur, ṛājase. 11. svarpati. 12. meṣa. 14. cikit. 15. duritāti. [8 verses, 11 words +C +M].
98. 1. √panasya. 2. viśvakarmā. 3. vibhrājat. 7. udā. 9. gātha. 10. pṛtanāṣah. [6 verses, 6 words +C +M].
99. 1. hyas. 3. śrāya. 4. √ruṣ. 5. pratūrti, aśastihan, viśvatur. 7. hetāram, tugrya, atūrta. 8. iṣkartā, sahaskṛta, vasavāna. [6 verses, 12 words +C].
100. 1. mayā. 4. ādardira. 5. śiśumat, āsīna, vena. 6. śarabha, pārāvata. 8. gatvāya. 9. prasravaṇa. 10. rāṣṭṛ, niṣasāda. 12. loka. [8 verses, 12 words].
101. 2. bāhu-, √ratharya, dīrghaśruttamam, urucakṣas. 4. saṁvāda. 5. sacatha, prārya. 6. √hinv. 7. dyumattama. 8. jamadagni. 9. upari, √śrī. 11. √panasya, baṭ. 12. baṭ. 13. arkin, rohiṇī. 14. pavamāna. 16. udīrayat, dabhracetas, vacovid, tiṣṭhamāna, eyuṣī. [12 verses, 23 words].
102. 2. duvasyu, cikit. 6. bhuji. 7. purūtama. 11. dīrghaśruttamam. 13. haviṣkṛta, dediśat. 15. upadṛk. 19. etādṛk, vananvat. [7 verses, 10 words].
103. 1. gātuvid. 2. √mā. 3. medhasāti. 4. ukthaśaṁsinaḥ. 5. ákṣiti. 6. √mā. 8. upastuta (name). 9. navīyasī. 10. √mā. 11. pravaṇa, nidita. 13. acchokti. 14. marutsakhā, sobharī. [12 verses, 14 words +M].
102/103 hymns, 928 verses, 1505 words + 50 C + 26 M.
BOOK IX.
1. 2. druṇi, ayohata. 3. vṛtrahantama, varivodhā. 6. parisruta. 7. √aṇ. 8. bakura. 9. √śrī. [6 verses, 8 words].
2. 1. devavī. 2. dharṇasi, dyumnavat. 5. viṣṭambha. 7. apasyu. 8. ulokakratnu. 9. vṛṣṭimat. 10. goṣā. [7 verses, 8 words +C].
3. 2. pavamāna. 3. pavamāna. 4. √aṇ, pavamāna. 5. √ratharya, vagvana, pavamāna. 7. pavamāna. 8. aspṛtam, pavamāna. [6 verses, 10 words +C].
4. 1. pavamāna. 9. pavamāna. [2 verses, 2 words].
5. 1. pavamāna. 2. pavamāna. 3. pavamāna. 4. pavamāna. 5. pavamāna. 6. √śilp, naktoṣāsā, pavamāna. 7. pavamāna. 8. pavamāna. 9. yāvānam, pavamāna. 10. pavamāna. 11. pavamāna, svāhākṛti. [11 verses, 15 words +C].
6. 5. atyavi. [1 verse, 1 word +C].
7. 2. vandya. 5. pavamāna. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
8. 1. vardhat. 2. camūṣad. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
9. 1. naptī. 4. jinvat. 5 astṛta. 7. √klp. 8. rucaḥ. 9. pavamāna, apaghnat. [6 verses, 7 words +C].
10. 1. svāna. 2. kaṇva. 5. √aṇ. 7. samīcīna, piprat. [4 verses, 5 words +C].
11. 1. pavamāna. 2. atharvan, √śrī. 4 gātha. 6. dadhan, dadhātana, √śrī . 7. amitrahan, anukāma. 9. pavamāna. [6 verses, 10 words +C].
12. 3. madacyut, ūrmā. 6. viṣṭap, samudrasyādi , jinvat. 9. pavamāna. [3 verses, 6 words +C].
13. 1. śīrṣa, atyavi. 2. pavamāna. 8. pavamāna. 9. pavamāna. [4 verses, 5 words +C].
14. 1. ūrmā. 2. vrāta, dharṇasi, apasyu. 4. śarya, tānva. 5. naptī. 6. √aṇ, vagnu. 7. marjayat. [6 verses, 10 words +C].
15. 1. √aṇ. 2. yatrāmṛta, √dhiyāya. 4. yūthya. 5. rukmin. 6. √pibd. 7. marjya. 8. madintama. [7 verses, 8 words +C].
16. 2 √aṇ, goṣā. 4. cetas. 6. avyaya. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
17. 3. vighnat. [1 verse, 1 word +C].
18. 1. sarvadhā, giriṣṭhā. 2. sarvadhā. 3. sarvadhā. 4. sarvadhā. 5. sarvadhā. 6. sarvadhā. 7. sarvadhā, acikradat. 8. sarvadhā. [8 verses, 10 words +C].
19. 2. svarpati. 6. pavamāna, tasthuṣa. [2 verses, 3 words +C].
20. 2. pavamāna. 3. cetas. 5. suvrata. 6. mṛjyamāna. 7. krīḷu. [5 verses, 5 words +C].
21. 2. varivovid, vayaskṛt. 4. pavamāna. 5. vena. 7. prāsāvi. [4 verses, 5 words +C].
22. 3. dadhi. 4. mṛṣṭa. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
23. 2. rucaḥ. 3. pavamāna. 5 dharṇasi, abhiśastipā. 7. pīttā. [4 verses, 5 words +C].
24. 1. pavamāna, √śrī. 3. pavamāna. 4. carṣaṇīsah, nṛmādana. 6. vṛtrahantama. 7. devāvī, aghaśaṁsahan. [5 verses, 8 words +C].
25. 1. dakṣasādhana. 2. pavamāna. 3. devavī. 4. yatrāmṛta, āviśan. 5 āyuṣak. 6. madintama. [6 verses, 7 words].
26. 1. √aṇ. 2. dhartāra. 3. pavamāna, dharṇasi, vedhā. 6. pavamāna. [4 verses, 6 words].
27. 2. dakṣasādhana. 4. pavamāna, acikradat, √hiraṇyaya, astṛta. 5. pavamāna. [3 verses, 6 words +C].
28. 2. āviśan. 3. devavī. 5. pavamāna. 6. devāvī, aghaśaṁsahan. [4 verses, 5 words +C].
29. 3. suṣaha. 4. saṁjaya. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
30. 2. mṛjyamāna, vagnu. 3. nṛsāhya. 4. pavamāna. [3 verses, 4 words].
31. 1. pavamāna, svādhya. 3. abhipriya. 4. pyāyasva. [3 verses, 4 words].
32. 1. madacyut. 4. avacākaśat. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
33. 4. √mā. [1 verse, 1 word +C].
34. 4. marjya. 5. viṣṭap, pṛśnimātara. 6. ahruta. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
35. 1. pavamāna. [1 verse, 1 word +C].
36. 1. kārṣman, akramīt. 2. devavī. 3. pavamāna. 4. mṛjyamāna, avyaya. 5. antarikṣyā. 6. √gavyaya, √aśvaya, vīrayu. [6 verses, 10 words +C].
37. 1. vighnat. 2. dharṇasi. 3. avyaya, pavamāna. 4. pavamāna. 5. varivovid. 6. kavineṣitah. [6 verses, 7 words].
38. 3. apasyu. 6. dharṇasi, krandat. [2 verses, 3 words].
39. 2. aniṣkṛt, yātayan. 6. samīcīna. [2 verses, 3 words].
40. 3. kavitva. 4. pavamāna. [2 verses, 2 words].
41. 3. pavamāna. 4. hiraṇyavat. 6. viṣṭap. [3 verses, 3 words +C].
42. 4. krandat, duhāná. [1 verse, 2 words +C].
43. 2. pūrvathā. 3. medhyātithi. 4. pavamāna. [3 verses, 3 words +C].
44. 1. ayāsya. 5. vipravīra, sadāvṛdha. 6. vasutti, gātuvid. [3 verses, 5 words].
45. 5. nāvá, atyavi. [1 verse, 2 words].
46. 4. √śrī. 5. gātuvid. 6. pavamāna, marjya. [3 verses, 4 words].
47. 2. √tṛṁha. [1 verse, 1 word].
48. 2. mahāmaha. [1 verse, 1 word].
49. 1. yakṣma. 3. devavī. 4. pavamāna, avyaya. 5. pavamāna, rucaḥ. [4 verses, 6 words].
50. 2 √makhasya. 3. pavamāna. 4. madintama. 5. madintama. [4 verses, 4 words].
51. 3. pavamāna. [1 verse, 1 word].
52. 3. caru. [1 verse, 1 word].
53. 1. madacyut. 2. abibhyuṣas. 3. pavamāna, ādhṛṣe. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
54. 2. upadṛk. 3. upari. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
55. 2. stáva. 3. govid, makṣūtama. 4. sahasrajit, abhītya. [3 verses, 5 words +C].
56. 1. vighnat. 2. āviśan, apasyu. 4. svādu. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
57. 3. marmṛjāna, vaṁsu, suvrata. [1 verse, 3 words +C].
58. 3. puruṣanti. [1 verse, 1 word +C].
59. 3. pavamāna. 4. pavamāna. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
60. 1. pavamāna, gāyatra. 2. bharṇas. 3. pavamāna, āviśan. [3 verses, 5 words +C +M].
61. 2. niṣṭatakṣa. 3. hiraṇyavat. 4. pavamāna. 12. varivovid. 13. pariṣkṛta, bhaṅga. 14. saṁśiśvan. 16. pavamāna. 17. pavamāna. 18. pavamāna. 19. devāvī, aghaśaṁsahan. 20. goṣā. 24. āmur, jāgṛhi. 25. apaghnat. 26. pavamāna. 27. √makhasya. 29. sāsaha. [16 verses, 19 words].
62. 2. vighnat. 4. giriṣṭhā. 6. hetāram. 8. avyaya. 9. varivovid. 10. pavamāna. 11. pavamāna, aśastihan. 14. sahasraūti, śatāmagha. 15. dhīyate. 16. pavamāna. 17. yātave. 18. yātave. 19. āviśan. 21. devaśrut. 22. madintama. 23. sanadvāja. 24. stubh, jamadagni. 30. pavamāna. [18 verses, 21 words].
63. 2. matsarintama. 5. vardhat, apaghnat. 8. pavamāna, manāv, yātave. 9. bruvat, varivovid, yātave. 11. pavamāna. 15. dadhi. 16. devavī. 18. hiraṇyavat. 20. marjya. 22. āyuṣak. 23. pavamāna, śravāyya. 24. apaghnat. 25. pavamāna. 26. pavamāna. 27. pavamāna. 29. apaghnat. [16 verses, 22 words +C].
64. 4. √aśvaya. 5. avyaya, mṛjyamāna. 6. antarikṣyā. 7. pavamāna. 9. pavamāna. 11. devāvī. 12. devavī. 13. mṛjyamāna, rucaḥ. 17. marmṛjāna. 19. √mā. 20. apracetas. 21. vena. 23. vacovid. 24. pavamāna. 25. bharṇas. 26. bharṇas. √makhasya. 28. rucaḥ. 29. akramīt. 30. saṁjagmānā. [19 verses, 22 words +C].
65. 1. √mahīya. 2. pavamāna, rucaḥ. 3. pavamāna. 4. pavamāna, svādhya. 6. mṛjyamāna, druṇi. 7. pavamāna, vyaśva. 9. viśvadarśata. 11. pavamāna, dhartāra. 13. gātuvid. 15. abhimātihan. 16. pavamāna, manāv, yātave. 19. roruvat, dyumattama. 23. kṛtvan. 25. jamadagni. 26. √śrī. 27. √hinv, rucaḥ. 28. pānta. 29. pānta. 30. pānta, cetuna. [19 verses, 29 words].
66. 1. sakhā-sakhibhyaḥ. 2. pavamāna. 3. pavamāna. 4. nikhata, sakhā-sakhibhyaḥ. 6. praśis. 7. ákṣiti. 8. hinvat. 9. svani. 10. pavamāna. 11. avyaya, bhṛti. 14. tvoti. 16. yudhvan. 20. pavamāna. 21. mayi. 22. pavamāna, viśvadarśata. 23. marmṛjāna. 24. pavamāna. 25. pavamāna, ajiraśocis. 26. pavamāna, marudgaṇa, hariścandra. 27. pavamāna. 28. avyaya. 30. pavamāna, dyumnavat. [22 verses, 29 words].
67. 2. matsarintama, nṛmādana, dadhanvas (√dhan). 4. avyaya, acikradat. 7. pavamāna. 9. pavamāna. 16. mandayat. 17. madintama. 20. avyaya. 21. pavamāna, dūraka. 22. pavamāna. 28. pyāyasva. 29. panipnat. 31. pavamāna. 32. pavamāna, kṣīra. [13 verses, 18 words +M].
68. 1. vacaná, parisruta. 2. śarya, roruvat, pariyat. 3. abhivrajat. 4. vicarat. 6. pariyat. 8. ūrmiṇam, stubh, rayiṣāṭ, suṣaṁsad. 10. adveṣa. [7 verses, 13 words +C].
69. 1. urudhāra, dhīyate. 2. pavamāna. 3. vadhūyu, naptī. 4. avyaya, √mā. 7. pravaṇa. 8. yavamat, sthana, vayaskṛt, hiraṇyavat. 9. pavamāna. [7 verses, 13 words].
70. 3. √taviṣa. 4. mṛjyamāna. 5. marmṛjāna, ādediśāna, śarya. 7. avyaya, hariṇī, gavyaya. 8. arepasa. 9. duritāti, kṣetravid, vṛṣendra, bādhá. [6 verses, 13 words].
71. 2. roruvat. 4. suhutam. 8. √sidh. 9. pariyat. [4 verses, 4 words].
72. 1. kati (kim), udīrayat. 4. adriṣuta. 5. druṣad. 6. punarbhū. 9. pavamāna, hiraṇyavat, yajñasādhana. [5 verses, 8 words +C].
73. 1. srakva. 2. vena, samyak. 3. ārabhe, pavitravat. 4. madhujihva. 6. duṣkŕt, yantra. 8. valgu. [6 verses, 9 words].
74. 1. payovṛdh. 2. svātata, samīcīna. 4. samīcīna. 5. ūrmiṇam, sacamāna. 7. kavandha, ātmanvat. 8. kārṣman, akramīt. 9. pavamāna, madintama, mṛjyamāna, papṛcāna. [7 verses, 14 words].
75. 1. aruhad. 3. dohana. 4. samayā. [3 verses, 3 words].
76. 2. apasyu. 3. pavamāna, ūrmiṇam, √taviṣa. 5. matsarintama, tvoti. 6. anakṣā. [4 verses, 7 words].
77. 1. vapuṣṭama. 3. ahī, √ikṣ. [2 verse, 3 words].
78. 1. ripra, tānva. 2. camūṣad, yātave. 3. pavamāna, apsaras, √yāc, āsīna. 4. sahasrajit. 5. pavamāna, antika, dūraka. [5 verses, 12 words].
79. 1. iṣí. 2. madacyut. 3. pavamāna, utānya. 4. bapsat. 5. pavamāna, √śrī. [5 verses, 7 words].
80. 1. ravátha. 2. ayohata. 3. madintama, maṅgala. 4. sahasrajit. 5. pavamāna. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
81. 1. pavamāna, dadhan. 2. ārabham, raghuvartani, amutas. 3. pavamāna, cetuna. 4. pavamāna, surāti. 5. pavamāna, vidhātā. [5 verses, 11 words +C].
82. 1. avyaya, acikradat. 2. mṛṣṭa, √sidh. 3. parṇin. 4. nindya, pajra, jāgṛhi. [4 verses, 8 words +C].
83. 1. gātra. 2. cetas. 3. māyāvin. 4. gandharva, nidhayā. [4 verses, 5 words].
84. 1. devamādana, svastimat. 4. sahasrajit. 5. payovṛdh, √śrī . [3 verses, 5 words].
85. 2. pavamāna, bhandanā. 3. madintama, niṁs. 4. śatadhāra. 5. avyaya, samayā. 6. svādu. 7. pavamāna. 8. pavamāna, pariṣūti. 9. roruvat. 10. vena, giriṣṭhā, madhujihva. 11 vena, panipnat. 12. gandharva. [11 verses, 18 words].
86. 1. pavamāna, madintama. 3. avyaya. 4. pavamāna. 5. ṛbhvas. 6. pavamāna, ubhayatas. 7. roruvat. 8. avyaya, pavamāna. 10. madintama. 11. marmṛjāna, śatadhāra, krandat. 12. pavamāna, mahādhana. 13. pavamāna, sasāra, ūrmiṇam, matá. 14. akramīt. 17. √panasya, √śrī, stubh. 18. pavamāna. 19. pratarīta, āviśan, krāṇā. 20. acikradat. 21. ulokakṛt. 23. āviśan. 24. pavamāna, pariṣkṛta. 25. ūrmiṇam. 27. √udanya, śatadhāra, √śrī. 28. pavamāna. 29. pavamāna. 30. pavamāna. 31. avyaya, panipnat. 32. navīyasī, trivṛt, praśis. 34. avyaya, pavamāna. 35. pavamāna, viṣtambha, vaṁsu, madvan. 36. gandharva, rājase. 37. suparṇī. 38. pavamāna, hiraṇyavat. 39. govid. 41. √yāc, bhandanā, ahar-. 42. yātayan, cetas. 43. √śvas. 44. pavamāna, jūrṇa. 45. jyotīratha, √taviṣa. 46. panipnat. 47. √aṇ, meṣa. 48. atriṇam. [40 verses, 71 words].
87. 1. marjayat. 2. aśastihan, viṣṭambha. 5. pavamāna. 6. śyenābhṛta, pūyamāna. 7. adadhā. [5 verses, 7 words].
88. 2. nahuṣyá. 3. dhījavana. 5. pavamāna, upabdi, yudhvan. 7. apsaḥ. 17. yajñanī. [5 verses, 7 words].
89. 1. pavamāna. 4. sanābhi. 6. viṣṭambha. [3 verses, 3 words].
90. 1. saṁśiśāna. 3. sahāvān. 4. samīcīna. 5. pavamāna. 6. ghanighnad. [5 verses, 5 words].
91. 1. dhanus. 2. marmṛjāna, nahuṣyá. 3. pavamāna, √aṇ, vacovid, roruvat. 4. upari. [4 verses, 8 words +C].
92. 1. pūyamāna. 3. gātuvid. 4. pavamāna, √mahīya. 5. pavamāna. 6. samiti. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
93. 1. vātāpya, dhanutrī, jāḥ. 3. pavamāna, √śrī. 5. viśvaścandra, jagamyāt. [3 verses, 7 words].
94. 5. pavamāna, suṣaha. [1 verse, 2 words +C].
95. 2. tarturāṇa, aritra. 4. marmṛjāna, giriṣṭhā. 5. íṣyat. [3 verses, 5 words +C].
96. 1. aśvahaya. 4. pavamāna. 7. pavamāna. 8. pavamāna. 9. śatavāja. 10. mṛjāna, pūyamāna, abhiśastipā. 11. pavamāna. 12. amitrahan, varivovid. 13. madintama. 14. śatadhāra. 16. pūyamāna. 18. virāṭ, stubh, ṛṣikṛt. 19. camūṣad, sacamāna. 20. mṛjāna. 21. pavamāna, pūyamāna. 22. krandat. 23. pavamāna, gīta, apaghnat. 24. pavamāna, acikradat, rucaḥ. [18 verses, 29 words].
97. 1. pūyamāna, heman. 2. pūyamāna. 3. pūyamāna, yaśastara. 4. svādu. 7. varāha. 8. pavamāna, āṅgūṣya, tṛpala, durmarṣa, amāt. 12. adridugdha. 13. vagnu. 14. pavamāna. 15. sikta. 16. juṣṭvī, vighnat. 17. stukā, vicinvat. 18. grathita, granthim. 20. ayukta, arathā. 22. venat. 23. dharmán. 24. pavamāna. 28. javīyas. 29. devajāta. 31. pavamāna. 33. krandat. 35. ajyamāna, triṣṭubh. 36. pūyamāna. 37. rathirāsa. 38. priya-, dhātā. 39. pūyamāna. 41. pavamāna, adadhā. 42. pūyamāna. 43. √śrī. 44. pavamāna. 45. hitvā. 48. pūyamāna, satyamanman. 49. pūyamāna, dhījavana. 50. pūyamāna, suvasaná. 51. pūyamāna, jamadagni. 53. śravāyya, nigut. 54. √snih, pṛśana, nigut. 56. samayā. 58. pavamāna. [39 verses, 59 words +C].
98. 1. vibhvāsaha, bharṇas. 2. avyaya, druṇā. 3. madacyut, √gavyaya. 4. śatātman. 6. ūrmiṇam. 8. dakṣasādhana. 9. mānavī, huvaścita, giriṣṭhā. 10. vṛtraghna. 11. apracetas. 12. gandha. [10 verses, 15 words].
99. 1. haryatā, √mahīya. 2. yātave, pariṣkṛta. 5. avyaya, dharṇasi, pūrvacitti. 6. madintama. 8. matsarintama. [5 verses, 9 words +C].
100. 3. manoyuja. 4. avyaya, raṁhamāṇa. 7. pavamāna. 8. pavamāna. 9. pavamāna. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
101. 3. duroṣa. 4. pavitravat. 5. √makhasya. 8. pavamāna, sivyat. 9. pavamāna, śravāyya. 10. arepasa, gātuvid, svādhya. 12. jigatnava, dadhi. 13. sunvāna, arādhas. 15. dakṣasādhana. [9 verses, 15 words +C].
102. 1. krāṇā, hinvat. 2 pāṣya. 4 vedhā. 7. samīcīna. 10. dediśat. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
103. 1. bhṛti. 2. avyaya. 3. avyaya. 6. pavamāna. [4 verses, 4 words +C].
104. 3. dakṣasādhana. 5. gātuvid, devapsaras. 6. atriṇam, dvayu. [3 verses, 5 words].
105. 1. gūrti. 2. devāvī, pariṣkṛta. 5. devapsaras, rucaḥ. 6. dvayu, atriṇam. 10. pavamāna. [5 verses, 8 words].
106. 2. jaitra. 3. apsujit. 5. viśvadarśata. 6. gātuvid. 9. vṛṣṭidyo, rītyāpa. 10. ūrmiṇam. 11. atyavi. [7 verses, 8 words].
107. 2. √śrī. 3. devamādana. 5. duhāná. 6. yajñanī. 7. gātuvid, devavī. 9. anūpa. 10. avyaya. 11. pavamāna, √aṇ, meṣa. 13. marjya. 14. viṣṭap, samudrasyādhi. 15. pavamāna, ūrmiṇam. 19. tavāham. 20. tapat. 21. mṛjyamāna, pavamāna, suhastya. 22. mṛjāna, avyaya, pavamāna. 25. pavamāna, háya (√hi). [16 verses, 26 words].
108. 2. supraket, pītvā. 3. pavamāna, dyumattama. 5. madintama. 7. kṣura, krakṣa. 8. payovṛdh, dadhyañc. 11. madacyut. 12. suṣṭhu, tapat. 15. madintama. 16. viṣṭambha. [9 verses, 14 words +M].
109. 1. svādu. 8. yāhīndra. 15. √śrī. 17. mṛjāna, √śrī. 22. √śṛī. [5 verses, 6 words].
110. 2. pavamāna. 3. pavamāna, raṁhamāṇa. 5. śarya. 6 vāra (time). 9. pavamāna, niṣṭhā. 10. avyaya, pavamāna, śatavāja. 11. svādu, varivovid, vājasani. 12. √sidh. [8 verses, 14 words].
111. 1. hariṇī, rucaḥ. 3. jaitra. [2 verses, 3 words +C +M].
112. 1. ruta. 2. hiraṇyavat. 3. tatá. 4. √mantri, maṇḍūka, śepa. 12. karmāra. [5 verses, 7 words +M].
113. 3. g andharva. 4. pariṣkṛta. 5. rasina. 6. pavamāna, √nand, √mahīya. 7. pavamāna, loka. 8. amū, vívasvat (name), yahvatī. 9. loka. 10. tṛpti, prasādhana, viṣṭap. 11. mud, pramud, √nand, āpta. [9 verses, 19 words +C +M].
114. 1. pavamāna, akramīt. 2. kaśyapa. 4. √āmi, canāmamad. [3 verses, 5 words +C +M].
114/114 hymns, 658 verses, 966 words + 61 C + 7 M.
BOOK X.
1. 4. pitubhṛta. 5. pratyardhi. 18. abhiceru. [3 verses, 3 words +C].
2. 1. piprīhi. 2. mandhātar. 3. √klp. 4. √klp. 5. pākatra, ṛtuśas. 7. pravidvam. [6 verses, 7 words +C].
3. 1. raudra, cikit, ruśatī. 2. enī. 3. supraketa, sacamāna. 4. vagnu. 5. krīḷu. 7. rabhasvat, gamyā. [6 verses, 10 words +C].
4. 3. sácanas. 5. dhūmaketu, √gup. 6. vanargu, tanūtyaja, śucayat. [3 verses, 6 words +C].
5. 3. mitrā (pl.), māyinī. 4. adhīvāsam. 6. visarga. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
6. 1. ṛṣu. 4. raghupatvan. 6. saptīvanta, khadira. 7. khadira. 8. khadira. 9. khadira. 10. khadira. [7 verses, 8 words +C].
7. 2. bhoga. 4. √sidh, sanutrī. 5. prayoga. 6. apracetas. 7. vayaskṛt. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
8. 1. udānaṭ. 2. kakud, asreman. 8. āptya, triśīrṣan. [3 verses, 5 words].
9. 1. dadhātana. 2. śivatama. 3. janayathā. 5. √yāc. 8. abhidudroha, utānvṛtam, mayi, śepa. [5 verses, 8 words].
10. 2. dhartāra. 4. gandharva. 7. yama, yami. 9. rātri, yama, yami. 11. √nāth. 12. √klp, pramud. 13. kakṣya, yama. 14. subhadra, yami, saṁvid. [8 verses, 15 words +C].
11. 1. dohas. 2. svarvatī, gandharva. 3. so (tad), yaśasvatī. 6. √taviṣa. 8. samiti. 9. dravitnu. [6 verses, 8 words].
12. 2. dhūmaketu. 3. enī, yajus. 4. purogā. 6. yama. 9. dravitnu. [5 verses, 6 words].
13. 3. catuṣpadī. 4. yama. [2 verses, 2 words].
14. 1. saṅgamana, yama, vívasvat. 2. yama. 3. mātalī, kavya, yama. 4. yama. 5. yama, vívasvat, virūpa (name). 6. atharvan. 7. prehi, yama. 8. hitvāya, yama, suvarcas. 9. loka, yama, ahas. 10. śabala, caturakṣa, yama, sārameya. 11. caturakṣa, yama. 12. udumbala, asutṛp, yama. 13. yama. 14. yama. 15. yama. 16. gāyatrī, triṣṭubh. [16 verses, 34 words +C].
15. 2. abhayaṁkara. 3. vikramaṇam. 7. āsīna. 8. somapītha, yama, pratikāmam. 9. hotravid, kadrū. 11. dadhātana. 12. kṛtvī. 13. vettha. 14. √klp. [9 verses, 12 words +C].
16. 6. agadam, śvāpada, viśvād, sarpa. 7. sam, √aṅkh, net, dadhŕṣ, pīvas. 9. ripra, itara, kravya, yama. 10. itara, kravya. 11. kravya. 13. dūrvā. 14. √śya=śīt, maṇḍūka. [7 verses, 19 words +C].
17. 1. yama, vívasvat. 2. kṛtvī, vívasvat. 3. svastidā. 5. āśā. 10. ripra. 11. √skand. 12. √skand, bāhu-. 13. √skand. 14. māmaka. [9 verses, 12 words +C +M].
18. 1. itara. 2. āpyāyamāna, saraṇyū, drāgh. 3. drāgh. 5. √klp, anupūrvam. 6. mṛkṣa, anupūrvam. 7. āñjana. 8. janitva, loka. 9. dhanus, dádāna. 10. ūrṇamradā. 11. sica, sūpāyana. 13. logam, sthūṇa, yama. [11 verses, 20 words +C +M].
19. 4. āvartana, parāyaṇa, niyānam. 5. āvartana, parāyaṇa, udānaṭ. [2 verses, 6 words +C].
20. 2. enī, saparyanta. 3. dat. 6. vāśīmat. 8. vardhat. 10. vimada. [5 verses, 6 words +C].
21. 1. stīrṇabarhis. 2. upasecana, aśvarādhasa, ṛjīti. 3. dharmán. 5. yama, atharvan. 7. cetiṣṭha. 8. krandat. [6 verses, 9 words +C +M].
22. 2. stave, ṛcīṣama. 3. bhartā. 4. virukmata. 6. jagmathu, gmas. 7. √yāc, brahmodyatam. 8. anyavrata, amantu. 10. kṛpāṇa. 11. sayāvan. 12. māku. 14. ahasta, śiśnatha, apada. 15. vasavāna. [11 verses, 17 words +C +M].
23. 1. vivrata, vajradakṣiṇam. 3. dīrghaśravas. 4. so (tad), yūthya. 5. aśiva. 6. vimada. 7. vimada. [6 verses, 8 words +C].
24. 3. māyāvin. 4. vimada., amanthata. 6. parāyāṇa. [3 verses, 4 words +C +M]
25. 5. śákti. 7. √sidh. 8. kṣetravid, jāgṛhi. 9. vṛtrahantama. [4 verses, 5 words +C].
26. 2. suṣṭhu, vātāpya. 3. suṣṭhu. 5. aśvahaya, pratyardhi. [3 verses, 5 words +C].
27. 1. ābhu. 2. yudhaye. 3. apūpa, ṛghāvat. 4. ābhu. 5. √manasya. 6. ghṛṣu, bāhu-. 7. pavasta. 9. ayukta, yavaṣād. 10. strī, yuddha. 11. anakṣā. 12. vadhūyu, pariprīta. 13. upás, āsīna. 14. palāśa. 15. udāyana. 16. √tuṣ, kapila. 17. bṛhatī (meter), dīvi, meṣa, pavitravat. 18. pakṣa. 20. yukti, √sidh. 21. vṛtta. 23. kṛntatra, udāyana. 24. etādṛk, jīvātu. [21 verses, 34 words +C].
28. 1. √jakṣ, mamed. 2. roruvat. 4. lopāśa, varāha, tatsāra. 6. aśatru. 7. √vam. 8. sudruva, kṛpīta. 9. logam, kṣura. 10. niruddha, paripada, godhā. 11. godhā, sim. 12. √hinv, suśamī. [10 verses, 19 words +C].
29. 1. kṣapāvat. 2. triśoka. 4. bhṛti. 6. sumitā, svādman. [4 verses, 5 words +C].
30. 1. yukti. 5. kalyāṇa. 7. nabhoja, devamādana. 9. madacyut, vicarat. 11. devayajyā. 14. dhattana, jīvadhanyā. 15. devayajyā. [7 verses, 10 words].
31. 1. suṣakhi. 2. śreyāṁsa. 7. niṣṭatakṣa. 9. ajyamāna. 10. ajyamāna. 11. kaṇva, ādatta, nṛṣad, śyāvá (name), kṛṣṇa (name). [6 verses, 10 words].
32. 1. gmas, dhiyasāna. 2. vagvana, arādhas. 3. pariṣkṛta, vagnu, jāna, vapuṣṭama. 6. cacakṣa, tenāham, śiṣṭa, dhīyamāna. 7. kṣetravid, anuśāsana, śiṣṭa. 9. kuru. [6 verses, 16 words].
33. 1. prayuj, śāsus. 3. ādhya, mūṣa. 4. kuru, trāsadasyava. 5. sādhuyā. 6. ūcase. 7. mitrātithi. 8. īśīya. 9. śatātman. [8 verses, 11 words].
34. 1. iriṇa, mūjavat. 2. anuvrata. 3. √nāth, bhoga, jarat. 4. vedana, baddham. 7. sampṛkta, aṅkuśa. 8. vrāta, satyadharma. 9. ahasta, iriṇa, √śyai=sīt, upari, aṅgāra. 10. bibhyat, ṛṇāvā. 11. dṛṣṭvāya, strī. 12. vrāta. 13. kṛṣi. [11 verses, 23 words].
35. 2. śaryaṇāvat. 4. durvidatra, sudevī. 6. āyukṣātām. 9. adveṣas. 12. nṛpāyya. 14. trāyadhva, gopītha. [6 verses, 8 words].
36. 2. durvidatra. 4. atriṇam, √sidh, duṣvapnya. 5. supraketa. 7. mārutaṁ-gaṇam, avasāya. 8. adhvaraśrī, jīvadhanyā. 9. sanitva. 10. jaitra. 13. dadhātana. [8 verses, 12 words].
37. 1. ketave, devajāta. 3. √rathasya. 4. duṣvapnya, apāmivam. 6. jīvat. 8. bhāsvat. 11. dadhātana. 12. √ducchunāya. [7 verses, 9 words +C].
38. 1. pṛtsuti, goṣāti, nṛsāhya, dhṛṣita. 2. śravāyya, medin. 3. saṁgama, yudhaye, suṣaha. 4. nṛsāhya, varivovid. 5. radhracodana, muṣka. [5 verses, 13 words].
39. 3. rutá, anāśu. 4. taugrya. 6. anāpi. 7. vandanaḥ, purumitra, vimada. 8. kali, viṣpalā , ṛśya, kṛtha, etave. 9. rebha, saptavadhri, ṛbīsa, mamṛvas, óman. 11. puroratha, rudravartani. 12. javīyas. 13. grasitā, vartikā. [9 verses, 22 words].
40. 4. śubhas-patī. 5. ghoṣā. 6. makṣā. 7. śiñjara, vaśa, rarāvan. 9. kanīnaka. 12. śubhas-patī, hṛtsu. 13. śubhas-patī, patheṣṭhām. 14. śubhas-patī. 15. śubhas-patī. [9 verses, 13 words].
41. 1. parijmāna. 2. madhuvāhana, yajvarī, prātaryuj. 3. suhastya, dhṛtadakṣa. [3 verses, 6 words].
42. 1. laya. 2. dóha. 3. apnasvatī. 4. nāsunvatā. 7. yavamat. 11. sakhā-sakhibhyah. [6 verses, 6 words +C].
43. 2. tvadrik. 3. pravaṇa. 4. camūṣad, palāśa. 5. saṁvarga. 6. avacākaśat. 8. kruddha. 9. purāṇavat. 11. sakhā-sakhibhyah. [8 verses, 9 words +C].
44. 1. pravakṣa. 2. mimyakṣa. 3. pravakṣa. 7. āyuyujre. 8. pītvā, √kup=kop, samīcīna, skabhāyat. 9. aṅkuśa, śaphāruj. 11. sakhā-sakhibhyah. [7 verses, 11 words +C].
45. 4. krandat, samañjat. 5. udārá. 8. durmaṛṣa, dṛśāná. 9. apūpa. 10. janitva. 12. adveṣa. [6 verses, 8 words +C].
46. 2. catantam. 4. darman. 5. vaṁsu, jayantam, hiriśmaśru. 7. aritra, śvātra. 8. cetas, śucayat. [5 verses, 9 words +C].
47. 3. śrutaṛṣi, subrahman. 4. pūrbhidam, vipravīra, dasyuhan, sanadvāja. 5. vrāta, vipravīra. 6. saptagu. [4 verses, 9 words +C].
48. 2. atharvan. 3. mayi. 4. purīṣin, gavyaya. 5. caritra, √yāc. 6. yudhaye, √śvas, hanmana, namasyu. 7. niṣṣāt, khala, parṣa. 8. parṇaya, karañja, guṅgu. 9. eṣe. 10. yuyutsat. 11. astṛta. [10 verses, 19 words].
49. 2. vivrata, gmas. 3. śiśnatha, hátha, śnathitṛ. 4. ādhṛṣe. 5. śrutarvan. 6. bṛhadratha. 7. hátha. 8. √vrādh. 9. dravitnu. 10. śvātra. [9 verses, 12 words].
50. 3. √hinv. 6. brahmodyatam. [2 verses. 2 words].
51. 1. bahudhā, ulba. 2. bahudhā, devayānī. 3. bahudhā, atiruc, yama. 4. bahudhā, net, bibhyat. 5. sumanasyamāna. 7. sumanasyamāna. 8. ūrjasvat. 9. ūrjasvat. [8 verses, 14 words].
52. 1. bhāgadheyam. 3. ūhe, yama. 4. trivṛt, kṛcchra, √klp, saptatantu. [3 verses, 7 words].
53. 2. hánta, ājya. 6. jogū, ulbaṇa. [2 verses, 4 verses].
54. 1. bhīta. 2. prabruvāṇa, yuddha. 3. janayathā. 6. adadhā, bṛhaduktha. [4 verses, 6 words +C].
55. 1. bhīta, parācá, titviṣāṇa. 2. bhavya. 3. vivrata, ṛtuśas. 4. didṛkṣeṇya. 5. hyas, √drā. 6. mogha. 8. aśastihan, viśvamanas. [7 verses, 12 words +C].
56. 2. ahruta. 7. adadhā, bṛhaduktha. [2 verse, 3 words +C].
57. 2. prasādhana. 3. nārāśaṁsa. 5, vrāta. [3 verses, 3 words +C].
58. 1. dūraka, yama, vívasvat. 2. dūraka. 3. dūraka. 4. dūraka. 5. dūraka. 6. dūraka, marīci. 7. dūraka. 8. dūraka. 9. dūraka. 10. dūraka. 11. dūraka. 12. bhavya, dūraka. [12 verses, 16 words +C].
59. 1. sthātāva. 5. jīvātu. 6. bhoga, prāṇa, anumati. 8. kṣamā, canāmamad, subandhu. 9. kṣamā, canāmamad. 10. kṣamā, canāmamad, uśīnarāṇi, anaḍvāha. [6 verses, 14 words +C +M].
60. 3. pavīrava. 4. ikṣvāku. 5. proṣṭha. 6. arādhas. 7. jīvātu, subandhu. 8. jīvātu, ariṣṭatāti, varatra. 9. jīvātu, ariṣṭatāti. 10. jīvātu, ariṣṭatāti, yama, vívasvat, subandhu. 11. nīcīna, nyak. 12. viśvabheṣaja. [10 verses, 19 words +C +M].
61. 1. raudra, krāṇā, smṛta. 2. dabhya. 3. ādiśa, śarya. 5. kanā. 7. saṁjagmāna. 8. dabhracetas, phena, pṛśana. 9. yavīyudh, upabdi. 10. gopa, yukti, kanā. 11. kanā. 13. nārṣad, grathita. 14. bhargas, triṣadhasthá. 15. hitaprayas, raudra, gūrti. 16. raghudru, svasetu. 17. vitaraṇa. asū. 18. kati (kim), venat, nābhānediṣṭha. 20. dán. 21. sudraviṇas, śvānta, kanā, aśvaghna. 23. saraṇyu. 24. saraṇyu. [19 verses. 38 words +C].
62. 2. vatsara, dīrghāyu. 4. subrahman, valgu. 8. tokman. 9. ārabham. 10. goparīṇas. 11. sahasradā, grāmaṇī. [6 verses, 9 words +C].
63. 1. yayāti, nahuṣyá. 4. varṣmāṇa, arhaṇā, jyotīratha, nimiṣat. 5. āyayu, aparihvṛta, atūrta. 6. sthana. 7. iddhāgni. 10. suśarmāṇam, rathaspati, trāman. 11. trāyadhva, abhihruta. 12. durvidatra, yuyotana, apāmivām. 14. svarvatī. 15. dadhātana, kṛtha. 16. so (tad). 17. gaya (name). [12 verses, 24 words +C].
64. 2. hṛtsu, vena. 3. yama, candramas. sūryamāsā. 5. atūrta, saptahotā. 6. medhasāti. 8. tiṣya. 10. rathaspati. 13. jāmitva. 14. bharīman. 15. panīyas. 16. gaya (name). 17. gaya (name). [11 verses, 15 words +C].
65. 3. citrarādhas, sumitra. 4. manuṣa, surāti. 5. √yucch. 6. prabruvāṇa. 9. parjanyavāta, purīṣin. 12. vimada, viṣṇāpu, viśvaka, śyāva. 13. pavīrava. [7 verses, 13 words +C].
66. 1. bṛhacchravas, jyotiṣkṛt. 2. śiṣṭa, marudgaṇa. 5. sarasvat. 6. haviṣkṛta, stubh. 7. devayajyā. 8. hinvat. 9. vanína. 10. dhartāra. 12. sādhuyā. 13. sādhuyā. 14. pitṛvat, jñāti. [11 verses, 15 words +C].
67. 3. vāvadat, aśmanmaya. 4. tiṣṭhat. 6. sveda. 7. sveda, varāha. [4 verses, 6 words].
68. 1. vāvadat. 3. suvarṇā. 4. bibheda. 5. śīpāla. 6. dat, agnitapa. 7. bhittvā, āṇḍa, svari. 9. majjan, uṣām. 10. sūryamāsā. 11. rātri. [9 verses, 13 words].
69. 1. vāmī, sumitra, vadhryaśva. 2. sumitra, vadhryaśva. 3. sumitra. 4. stipā, vadhryaśva. 5. sumitra, vadhryaśva. 7. mṛjyamāna, sumitra. 8. sumitra. 9. ajaya, tvāvṛdha, vadhryaśva. 10. √vrādh. 11. √vrādh, vadhryaśva. 12. sanakāt, vadhryaśva. [11 verses, 21 words].
70. 1. devayajyā. 4. drāgh. 6. √śilp. 9. draviṇodā. [4 verses, 4 words].
71. 2. lakṣmī. 5. adhenu, apuṣpā, aphalā. 6. alakam. 7. hradā. 9. tantra. 10. kilbiṣa, √nand, āgata. 11. vidyā, gāyatra, śakvarī. [7 verses, 13 words].
72. 1. jāna. 2. karmāra. 3. āśā. 4. āśā. [4 verses, 4 words +C].
73. 2. pṛśana. 3. sālāvṛka. 6. hṛdya, pratiṣṭhā . 7. √makhasya, vimāya. 8. upari. 9. adadhā, niṣatta. 11. dhvānta, priyamedha, nidhayā. [7 verses, 12 words].
74. 1. vanu. 2. niṁs, vārá. 3. kṛpaṇa. 5. bhartā, anānata. 6. prasāha. [5 verses, 7 words].
75. 2. yātave. 3. upari. 4. yudhvan, sica, roruvat. 6. yātave. 7. ṛjīti, enī, ruśatī. 8. ūrṇāvat. 9. √panasya. [7 verses, 11 words +C].
76. 1. udbhid. 2. hastayata. 4. √sidh, skabhāyat, bhaṅgura. 6. sotva, divitmat, ghoṣayat. 7. upasecana, rathirāsa. [5 verses, 10 words +C].
77. 2. etā. 3. √panasya, riśādas. 4. abhidyu. 5. pravá, riśādas, prayuj. 6. vahadhva. 7. gopītha. [6 verses, 9 words].
78. 1. arepasa. 2. sadyaūti, suśarmāṇam. 3. virokin, surāti, jigatnava. 4. abhidyu, ara, sanābhi, stubh. 5. jigatnava. 6. krīḷi, ādardira. 7. adhvaraśrī, viśvit. [7 verses, 15 words].
79. 1. bapsat. 2. atra (insatiable). 5. ājya. 6. dat, avidvas, parvaśas. 7. ṛjīti. 8. así. [6 verses, 8 words].
80. 1. vājambhara, samañjat. 3. nṛmedha. [2 verses, 3 words].
81. 2. adhiṣṭhāna, ārambhaṇa, viśvakarmā. 3. viśvatomukha. 4. niṣṭatakṣa. 5. viśvakarmā. 6. viśvakarmā. 7. viśvakarmā. [6 verses, 8 words].
82. 2. vimanas, vidhātā, viśvakarmā, saptaṛṣi. 3. vidhātā. 4. bhūmán. 7. viśvakarmā, prāvṛta, jalpi. [4 verses, 9 words].
83. 1. sahaskṛta. 3. amitrahan, dasyuhan. 4. svayambhū, sahāvān. 7. prehi, upāṁśu. [4 verses, 7 words].
84. 1. dhṛṣita, saṁśiśāna. 2. hatvāya, hūta. 3. prehi, pramṛṇat. 4. vijaya, yudhaye. 6. mahādhana, medin. [5 verses, 10 words].
85. 4. rakṣita, √gup. 5. ākṛti, samā. 6. pariṣkṛta, gātha, nārāśaṁsa. 7. abhyañjana, upabarhaṇa. 8. kurīra. 9. vadhūyu. 10. anaḍvāha, chadis. 11. ṛkṣāman, abhihita, śrotra, carācara. 12. amutas, vyāná. 19. candramas. 20. loka. 21. viśvāvasu, pitṛṣad. 22. viśvāvasu. 23. jāspatya. 24. loka. 26. gṛhapatnī, hastagṛhya. 27. gārhapatya, jāgṛhi. 28. jñāti, lohita, bandhá. 29. bhūtvī, padvatī. 30. ruśatī. 31. āgata, yakṣma. 32. √drā. 33. maṅgala. 34. kaṭuka. 35. śasana. 36. saubhagatva, gārhapatya, mayā. 37. ūru, śepa, bīja. 39. dīrghāyu. 40. gandharva. 41. gandharva. 42. modamāna. 43. loka. 44. ghoracakṣ, suvarcas. 46. samrājñī. [34 verses, 56 words].
86. 2. anyatra. 4. varāha. 5. kapi, duṣkŕt. 6. saktha, bhasad, strī. 7. ambā, saktha, bhasad. 8. śūrapatnī, subāhu. 9. indrapatnī, marutsakhā, √vīri. 10. indrapatnī, √mahīya, √vīri. 11. indrāṇī. 12. indrāṇī. 15. roruvat. 16. saktha, √ramb, kapṛth, romaśa. 17. saktha, √ramb, kapṛth, romaśa. 18. caru, así, edha, ācitam. 19. vicākaśat, vicinvat. 20. kṛntatra, nediyas, kati (kim). 21. √klp. 22. pulu. 23. bhala, mānavī, √āmi, udara, parśu (name). [19 verses, 45 words +M].
87. 1. práth. 2. kravya, mūradeva, ayodaṁṣṭra, rabhasvat, yātudhāna. 3. utantarikṣa, ubhayāvin, yātudhāna. 4. śalya, yātudhāna. 5. kravya, yātudhāna. 6. tiṣṭhat. 7. √labh, enī, yātudhāna. 8. rabhasvat, yātudhāna. 9. tīkṣṇa. 10. mūla, yātudhāna, pṛṣṭi. 11. samakṣa, yātudhāna. 12. atharvan, yātudhāna, śaphāruj. 13. śaravya, yātudhāna. 14. mūradeva, asutṛp, yātudhāna. 15. śapatha, yātudhāna. 16. kravya, kṣīra, yātudhāna. 17. vatsara, yātudhāna. 18. yātudhāna. 19. kravya, yātudhāna. 20. śośucat. 22. bhaṅgura. 23. bhaṅgura. 24. yātudhāna. 25. yātudhāna. [24 verses, 48 words].
88. 1. pānta. 4. ājya. 5. vivyāca. 9. √ṛjūya. 10. śákti. 13. adhyakṣa. 14. acchāvad. 16. śīrṣa. 18. kati (kim). 19. suparṇī, niṣīdat. [10 verses, 11 words].
89. 2. atiṣṭhat. 5. tṛpala, prabharman, -manyu. 7. kumbha, bibheda. 9. prārya. 12. śośucat, asinvam. 14. aghasya, śasana. 15. √vrādh. 16. āghoṣat. [8 verses, 13 words].
90. 1. sahasrākṣa, vṛtvā. 2. bhavya. 5. virāṭ. 6. vasanta, grīṣma, ājya. 7. sādhya. 8. ājya. 9. yajus. 10. sahasrapād. 11. √klp, ūru, kati (kim). 12. vaiśya, śūdra, rājanya, ūru. 13. candramas, prāṇa. 14. √klp, loka, śrotra. 16. sādhya. [13 verses, 24 words +C].
91. 1. suṣakhi. 2. takvan, viśya. 5. varṣya. 7. śárdhas. 8. prasādhana. 10. śāstra. 11. haviṣkṛti. 13. navīyasī. 14. kīlāla, somapṛṣṭha, meṣa. 15. vājasani. [10 verses, 13 words].
92. 1. hariṇī. 2. niṁs, dharmán. 3. vayā (refr.), baṭ. 4. panīyas, pūtadakṣasaḥ. 5. pariyat. 6. krāṇā. 7. arhaṇā. 8. √śvas. 9. kṣayadvīra. 10. atharvan. 11. yama. 12. vicarat, sūryāmāsā. 15. vananvat. [13 verses, 17 words].
93. 1. sahyas. 2. dīrghaśruttamam. 5. sūryāmāsā, vṛṣaṇvasu. 6. śubhas-patī. 7. rathaspati. 8. jūjuvāna. 10. aiṣu, turvaṇe. 12. dyutadyāman, saṁvanana. 14. yuktvāya, vena, rāma. 15. pṛthi, māyava, tānva. [10 verses, 17 words +M].
94. 2. śatavat. 3. āmiṣi, bapsata. 4. upabdi, ghoṣayat. 5. kṛṣṇa. 6. √śvas. 7. kakṣya. 8. yantra. 9, niṁs, duhát. 10. raivata, sthana. 11. sthāman, tṛṣita, tṛṣṇaj, pīvas. 13. upabdi, bapsat, bīja, vápat. 14. krīḷi. [12 verses, 22 words].
95. 2. tavāham, purūravas. 3. urā, asanā, iṣudhi, √mā, goṣā. 4. śnathita. 5. purūravas. 6. granthin(ī). 7. purūravas, dasyuhatyā. 9. krīḷi. 10. patantī. 11. viduṣī, purūravas, gopītha. 12. aśru. 13. ādhya, aśru, krandat. 14. gantavai, sudeva. 15. purūravas, sālāvṛka, aśiva, strī. 16. rātri. 18. aiḷa, mṛtyubandhu. [15 verses, 30 words].
96. 2. hinvat. 3. -manyu. 5. ahar-. 6. haryatā, stomya. 9. hariṇī, pītvā. 12. prayuj. [6 verses, 7 words +C].
97. 2. ambā, agadam. 5. aśvattha, niṣadanam. 6. samiti. 7. ariṣṭatāti. 9. sthana, √āmi, kṛtha. 11. yakṣma. 12. yakṣma. 13. cāṣa, dhrāji, yakṣma. 15. apuṣpā, aphalā. 16. paḍbiśa, yama, kilbiṣa, śapatha. 17. patantī. 18. bahvī. 20. ātura. 21. āgata, saṁgatyām. [14 verses, 25 words +C].
98. 1. śaṁtanu. 3. śaṁtanu. 4. adhīratha. 5. niṣīdat, ṛṣṭiseṇa, varṣya. 6. ṛṣṭiseṇa, nivṛta. 7. kṛpay, devaśrut, śaṁtanu. 8. ṛṣṭiseṇa, vṛṣṭimat. 9. adhīratha. 10. adhīratha. 11. ṛtuśas. 12. √sidh, bhūmán. [11 verses, 18 words +C].
99. 3. śatadura. 4. arathā. 5. abhītya. 6. dán, varāha, triśīrṣan. 8. √udanya, dasyuhatyā. 9. kṛpaṇa, √vrādh. 10. kani=kanīna, araru. 11. auśija (name). [8 verses, 13 words].
100. 1. dṛhya. 2. krandat. 3. √ṛjūya. 5. pratarītā. 7. āviṣṭya. 8. nyak, apāmivām. 11. sikta. 12. duvasyu. [8 verses, 9 words].
101. 3. śīra, nedīyas, bīja, sabharas. 5. varatra, dadhātana. 6. varatra. 8. √sidh. 10. kakṣya. 11. -jani, √pibd. 12. √khud, kapṛth, dadhātana. [7 verses, 14 words +C].
102. 1. śravāyya. 2. mudgala, adhiratha. 4. muṣka, √tṛṁha. 5. mudgala, pradhana, śatavat. 6. mudgala. 7. vaṁsaga, kakud. 8. varatra. 9. mudgala, drughaṇa, śatavat. 10. tṛṇa. 11. maṅgala. [10 verses, 17 words +C].
103. 3. niṣaṅgin, bāhu-. 5. govid, sahojā. 6. jayantam, govid, pramṇrat, √vīri. 7. -manyu. 8. jayantī. 10. māmaka. 12. gṛhāṇa, prehi, hṛtsu, śoka (√suc), √lubh. 13. yathāsatha. [8 verses, 17 words +C].
104. 1. vipravīra. 2. ukthavāha. 3. prayai. 5. suṣumna. 7, sahasravāja. [5 verses, 5 words +C].
105. 1. vātāpya. 2. dán, śepa, vivrata. 3. apa. 4. vivrata. 5. jaitra, śipriṇī. 10. upasecana, darvi. 11. dasyuhatyā. [7 verses, 11 words].
106. 1. √arthi, yātave. 2. śvātra. śāsus. 3. pakṣa, yajus, parijmāna. 4. bhuji, rucaḥ. 5. mitrā (pl.), vaṁsaga, meṣa. 6. jarāyu, nitoṣa. 7. khara, pajra, kṣadman. 9. pratiṣṭhā, śāsus. 10. bāra, nīcīna, sveda, sāragha. [9 verses, 23 words +C].
107. 2. aśvadā. 3. devayajyā. 4. śatadhāra, saṁgama, saptamātā. 5. hūta, grāmaṇī. 10. pariṣkṛta, puṣkara. 11. suṣṭhu. [6 verses, 10 words].
108. 1. parācá, kathám, icchantī. 2. icchantī, √skand. 4. dabhya. 5. patantī. 7. alakam. 8. ayāsya, somaśita, √vam. 10. bhrātṛtva. 11. nigūḷha. [8 verses, 13 words].
109. 1. kilbiṣa, akūpāra. 2. hṛṇīyamāna. 3. grāhi, √gup. 4. hastagṛya, saptaṛṣi, upanīta. 5. viṣa (servant), -cārin. 7. bhaktvāya, kilbiṣa, kṛtvī. [6 verses, 13 words +C].
110. 2. ṛndhat, samañjat. 3. vandya. 6. surukmā. 7. pracodayat, pṛtsuti. 10. samañjat. 11. purogā. [6 verses, 8 words].
111. 6. bāhu-. [1 verse, 1 word +C].
112. 1. pūrvāpīti, pratikāman, prātaḥśāva. 2. javīyas. 7. hitaprayas. 8. vedana, satīná, -manyu. 9. vipratama. 10. bodhi. [6 verses, 10 words +C].
113. 2. dadhanvas (√dhan), sayāvan. 3. yudhaye. 5. dhṛṣita. 7. dhvānta. 8. āvaya, hanman. 9. anukāma. [6 verses, 8 words +C].
114. 1. trivṛt, juṣṭi. 3. bhāgadheyam. 4. √āmi. 5. graha, bahudhā, √klp. 6. √klp, ṛkṣāman, vimāya. [5 verses, 10 words +C].
115. 1. dhātave (dhe). 2. dán, dat, bhasman. 3. druṣad. 4. yuyudhi, satvaná, jrayasāna. 5. kaṇva, taruṣa, parasyāntara. 6. sahyas, mahinaḥ, vājintama. 8. upastuta (name), drāgh. 9. upastuta (name), tvāgni. [8 verses, 18 words +C].
116. 2. svastidā. 3. sūyata. 4. kheda. 8. pacatá. 9. udbhid. [5 verses, 5 words].
117. 2. cakamāna, upajigmivas. 3. ātap, aparī, yāmahūti. 4. sacamāna. 5. drāgh. 6. mogha, apracetas. 7. phāla, caritra, vanīyas. 8. tiṣṭhamāna, paṅkti. 9. jñāti. [8 verses, 15 words].
118. 1. atriṇam. 8. urukṣaya, yātudhāna. 9. urukṣaya, mānuṣe-jane. [3 verses, 5 words +C].
119. 3. √mantri. 6. akṣipat. 7. pakṣa. 9. hánta. 11. pakṣa. 12. mahāmaha. [6 verses, 6 words].
120. 2. anat. 3. svādu, svādīyas. 4. made-made, jayantam, yātudhāna. 6. āptya, ṛbhvam. 9. atharvan. [5 verses, 9 words +C].
121. 2. baladā, praśis. 3. anat, nimiṣat. 4. himá. 6. tastabhāna. 8. vātāpi. 9. satyadharma. [6 verses, 8 words].
122. 1. adviṣeṇya. 3. māmahasva, pariyat. 6. duhát, pariyat. 7. ājya. [4 verses, 6 words +C].
123. 1. jarāyu, vena, saṁgama. 2. vena, viṣṭap, nabhoja. 4. gandharva. 5. apsaras, pakṣa, vena. 6. pakṣa, yama. 7. gandharva. [6 verses, 13 words].
124. 1. trivṛt, saptatantu. 2. aśiva. 4. bahvī, prakāśa. 5. ādhipatya. 7. kavitva. 8 bībhatsu. 9. bībhatsu, anuṣṭubh. [7 verses, 10 words].
125. 3. saṁgamana, rāṣṭṛ. 4. mayā, amantu. 6. hantavā, dhanus. 7. varṣmāṇa, amū. 8. ārabham. [5 verses, 9 words].
126. 2. mitrāryama. [1 verse, 1 word +M].
127. 1. rātri. 5. pakṣa. 8. rātri. [3 verses, 3 words].
128. 1. adhyakṣa. 3. mayi. 5. dviśat, √vīri. 6. nigut, prabudh. 9. upari, cettṛ. [5 verses, 8 words +C].
129. 1. gahana, ambhas. 2. rātri. 3. ābhu, tucchya, abhihita. 5. upari, prayati. 6. visarjana. 7. adhyakṣa. [6 verses, 10 words].
130. 1. āyayu, āyata. 3. ājya, praüga, pratimā. 4. anuṣṭubh, uṣṇih, gāyatrī, sayuj. 5, triṣṭubh, √klp, virāṭ. 6. √klp. 7. √labh. [6 verses, 14 words +C].
131. 2. yavamat, anupūrvam. 3. saṁgama, sthūri, yātá. 4. śubhas-patī, āsura. 6. trāman. 7. trāman. [5 verses, 9 words].
132. 2. suṣumna, krāṇā , dhārāyatkṣiti. 4. asau, sūyata, antaka. 7. kāṇuka, nṛmedhas, sumedhas. [3 verses, 9 words +C +M].
133. 1. anyaka, puroratha, nabhantām, ulokakṛt. 2. anyaka, nabhantām. 3. anyaka, nabhantām. 4. anyaka, adhaspada, nabhantām. 5. anyaka, sanābhi, niṣṭya, nabhantām. 6. anyaka, nabhantām. [6 verses, 17 words +M].
134. 2. durhaṇā, adhaspada. 3. amitrahan, viśvaścandra. 5. sveda, dūrvā. 6. aṅkuṣa, śákti. 7. pakṣa. [5 verses, 9 words +C +M].
135. 1. palāśa, yama. 7. yama, nāḷī , pariṣkṛta. [2 verses, 5 words +C].
136. 2. mala, dhrāji. 4. avacākaśat. 6. gandharva, apsaras, svādu. 7. madintama, pinaṣṭi. [4 verses, 8 words].
137. 1. avahita. 3. viśvabheṣaja. 4. ariṣṭatāti, saṁtāti, yakṣma. [3 verses, 5 words].
138. 1. ahī, manvāna. 2. √śvañc, dhṛṣita. 4. ayāsya, anādhṛṣṭa, virukmata. 5. vibhindat, yuddha, tujyā. 6. adadhā, vibhinna. [5 verses, 12 words].
139. 2 āpaprivas. 3. satyadharma, saṁgamana. 4. gandharva, viśvāvasu. 5. gandharva, viśvāvasu. 6. gandharva, ahī. [5 verses, 9 words +C].
140. 1. bṛhadbhānu. 2. vicarat. 5. iṣkartā. 6. viśvadarśata, śrutkarṇa, saprathastama. [4 verses, 6 words +M].
141. 1. acchāvad. 4. saṁgatyām. [2 verses, 2 words].
142. 3. bapsat, vṛṇakṣi. 4. bapsat. 5. marmṛjāna, niyānam. 8. puṇdarīka, parāyaṇa, dūrvā , hradā. [4 verses, 9 words].
143. 1. yātave. 2. atnata, granthim. 3. daṁsiṣṭha. [3 verses, 4 words].
144. 3. ghṛṣu, ahīśū, kṛtvan. 4. ahī. 5. padābharat. [3 verses, 5 words +C +M].
145. 1. balavat. 5. bhūtvī. 6. sahīyas. [3 verses, 3 words +M].
146. 1. asau. 2. √mahīya. 3. śakaṭa, sāyam. 4. sāyam. 5. jagdhvāya. 6. gandha, āñjana. [6 verses, 8 words].
147. 3. aiṣu, medhasāti. 4. tvāvṛdha. [2 verses, 3 words +C].
148. 2. prasravaṇa. 5. vena, pṛthī. [2 verses, 3 words +C].
149. 1. atūrta, yantra. 2. skabhita. 3. garutmat, bhūmán. [3 verses, 5 words].
150. 2. upāgahi. 3. priya-. 5. gaviṣṭhira, kaṇva. [3 verses, 4 words].
151. 5. nimruc. [1 verse, 1 word +C].
152. 2. vṛṣendra, svastidā. 5. dviśat. [2 verses, 3 words +C].
153. 1. apasyu, īṅkhayantī. [1 verse, 2 words].
154. 3. pradhana, tanūtyaja. 4. yama. 5. yama. [3 verses, 4 words +C].
155. 1. vikaṭa, kāṇa. 2. tīkṣṇa, cattā, bhrūṇa, amutas. 3. √plu, rabhasvat, durhaṇā. 4. uras, budbuda. [4 verses, 11 words].
156. 2. √hinv, maghatti, senayāgni. [1 verse, 3 words].
157. 2. √klp. 4. hatvāya. [2 verses 2 words +C].
158. 2. patantī. 4. khyai. [2 verses, 2 words].
159. 1. asau, māmaka. 2. mamed, sehāna. 3. saṁjaya, virāṭ . 4. asapatna, kṛtvī. 5. asapatna, sapatnahan, jayantī. 6. -jāni. [5 verses, 12 words].
160. 2. sotva, śvātra. 4. aratni. 5. ābhūṣat, gantavai. [3 verses, 5 words].
161. 1. grāhi, yakṣma. jīvana. 2. antika, śataśārada. 3. vasanta, sahasrākṣa. 4. hemanta. [4 verses, 8 words].
162. 1. durṇāman. 2. durṇāman, kravya. 4. ūru. 5. bhūtvā. [4 verses, 5 words].
163. 1. yakṣma, chubuka, mastiṣka, śirṣaṇya. 2. yakṣma, uṣṇih, kīkasā, anūpa. 3. yakṣma, matasma, vaniṣṭhu, gudā. 4. yakṣma, ūru, pārṣṇī, bhasad, bhaṁsas, prapad. 5. yakṣma, loma. 6. yakṣma. [6 verses, 21 words +C].
164. 1. bahudhā, jīvat. 2. vívasvat, jīvat. 3. svapat. 4. dviśat. 5. √klp, bhūmán. [5 verses, 8 words +M].
165. 1. kapota. 2. kapota, pakṣa. 3. kapota, pakṣa. 4. kapota, mogha, yama, ulūka. 5. kapota, hitvā. [5 verses, 11 words].
166. 1. virāṭ. 2. kṣata, sapatnahan. 3. √sidh, ārtnī. 4. samiti, viśvakarmā. 5. maṇḍūka, adhaspada, yogakṣema. [5 verses, 10 words +C +M].
167. 1. ajaya. 2. jayantam. 3. abhakṣi, vidhātā, tavāham, anumati. 4. jamadagni, caru. [4 verses, 8 words].
168. 2. sam, sayuj. 3. īyamāna. [2 verses, 3 words +C].
169. 1. √āriś, avasāya, ūrjasvat, pīvas. 2. jīvadhanyā, íṣṭi. [2 verses, 6 words].
170. 1. amitrahan, avihruta, yajñapati. 2. dasyuhan, sapatnahan. 4. vibhrājat, viśvakarmā. [3 verses, 7 words +C +M].
171. 2. √makhasya. 3. √manasya, vena. [2 verses, 3 words].
172. 2. jārayat. 3. pitubhṛta. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
173. 1. √vañch, √cal. 2. √cal. [2 verses, 3 words].
174. 4. asapatna, kṛtvī. 5. asapatna, abhirāṣṭra, sapatnahan. 6. -jāni. [3 verses, 6 words +C].
175. 2. √sidh. 3. √mahīya. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
176. 3. ghṛṇi, yor. 4. jīvātu, sahīyas. [2 verses, 4 words].
177. 1. marīci. 2. gandharva, svari. 3. padyamāna. [3 verses, 4 words].
178. 1. tārkṣya, ariṣṭanemi. 2. śarya. [2 verses, 3 words].
179. 2. kula. 3. dadhan. [2 verses, 2 words +C].
180. 2. kucara, sṛka, ajayathā, giriṣṭhā. 3. amitrayantam. [2 verses, 5 words].
181. 1. anuṣṭubh, rathaṁtara. 3. √skand, yajus. [2 verses, 4 words].
182. 3. hantavā. 5. √plu. [2 verses, 2 words].
183. 1. vibhūta. 3. adadhā, aparī. [2 verses, 3 words].
184. 1. √klp. 2. sinīvālī, puṣkara. [2 verses, 3 words].
185. 1. mitrasyāryama, dūradharṣam. [1 verse, 2 words].
186. 2. jīvātu. [1 verse, 1 word +C].
187. 2. atiruc. [1 verse, 1 word].
188. 2. vipravīra. 3. rucaḥ. [1 verse, 2 words +C].
189. 2. anat, prāṇa. 3. dhīyate. [2 verses, 3 words].
190. 1. rātri, abhīddha. 2. vatsara, ahas. 3. candramas, √ klp, yathāpūrva. [3 verses, 7 words].
191. 2. saṁjānānā. 3. samiti. [2 verses, 2 words].
191/191 hymns, 1124 verses, 1922 words + 89 C + 19 M.
TOTAL SUMMARY:
1. Old Rigveda Books 2,3,4,6,7: 0/280 Hymns, 0/2368 verses, 0 words. +0 C + 0 M.
2. Redacted Hymns in Old Books 2,3,4,6,7: 61/62 Hymns, 470/873 verses, 724 words. +1 C + 6 M.
3. New Rigveda Books 1,5,8,9,10: 684/686 Hymns, 4256/7311 verses, 6828 words. +300 C + 96 M.
Note the sharp contrast:
1. The Old Rigveda with 280 hymns and 2368 verses, does not have a single one of the above new words, or new composer names or meters. The New Rigveda with 686 hymns and 7311 verses has: 6828 words, 300 hymns with new composer names and 96 hymns with new meters.
2. The Old Rigveda with 280 hymns and 2368 verses, does not have a single one of the above new words, or new composer names or meters. The Redacted Hymns in these same five Books, with 62 hymns and 873 verses, have: 724 words and 1 hymn with a new composer name (only in 1 verse) and 6 hymns with new meters.
3. The Old Rigveda with 280 hymns and 2368 verses, does not have a single one of the above new words. But even some single hymns in the New Rigveda are loaded with new words: for example, I.112, 116 and 117 have 43, 49 and 48 words respectively. VIII.1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 have 44, 35, 28, 39 and 38 words respectively. IX.86, 96 and 97 have 71, 30 and 59 words respectively. And X.61, 85, 86, 87 have 38, 56, 45 and 48 words respectively.
But all this overwhelming data above is just the tip of the iceberg.
SECTION IV. WHY THIS IS JUST THE TIP OF THE ICEBERG.
As we saw, there is a massive chronological gulf between the Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda. But there is much more data which would emphasize this gulf even more starkly. Apart from some words that may inadvertently have been missed out in our above lists and references, there are also entire sections of words and their references, not taken in the lists above, which would add significant volumes to the above mass.
IV A. Double prefixes:
In our earlier article (The Chronological Gulf Between the Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda), we had included words with new double prefixes within the lists. Here we have removed them from the lists, but here (just for the record) are those references.
The use of verbs with double prefixes is much more common in the New Rigveda (and the later Samhitas) than in the Old Rigveda: and the only use of a triple prefix in the Rigveda, upa-pra-ā, is in the New Rigveda (there are five such combinations in the later Samhitas). The following are the combinations of double prefixes found only in the New Rigveda: adhi-ni, adhi-nir, adhi-vi, adhi-sam, adhi-ā , anu-pra, apa-parā, apa-pra, apa-sam, abhi-pra, abhi-sam, ava-sam, ava-ā, ā-sam, ud-ā, upa-ni, upa-parā, upa-sam, upa-ava, nir-ā, ni-ava, ni-ā, pari-vi, prati-ni, pra-ava, pra-ud, vi-pra, vi-ati, vi-ud, sam-pra.
They are found as follows:
REDACTED HYMNS:
IV. 30.13; 58.1.
VI. 46.10.
VII. 33.1; 55.7.
NEW RIGVEDA:
V. 19.1; 31.3; 41.7; 54.2.
I. 52.15; 56.1 (2 words); 72.10; 73.4; 113.6; 142.11; 152.4; 168.4; 188.6.
VIII .3.7; 12.13,23; 21.16; 23.4; 41.10; 45.35; 51.8; 81.1,6; 84.2.
IX. 7.3; 16.14; 22.5; 67.9; 73.4; 79.3; 86.42; 97.56; 100.4; 103.6; 107.19.
X. 25.4; 46.10; 56.5; 61.8; 67.4; 75.1; 84.7; 85.35; 87.3; 110.10; 115.2; 117.4; 119.2; 124.6; 129.4; 172.4.
IV B. Many Prefix+Root Combinations:
There is a staggering number of combinations of prefix+root which are wholly found only in the New Rigveda and Redacted Hymns. Listing them all would be a big task. I give below just two forms, pointed out by Hopkins, as examples:
ā+√rabh:
III. 53.2.
I. 24.5; 34.2; 57.4; 116.5; 168.3; 182.6,7.
V. 34.5.
VIII. 45.20.
IX. 73.1,3.
X. 8.3; 62.9; 81.2; 87.2,8; 125.8; 133.6; 155.3.
vi+√aś:
I. 54.9; 73.5,9; 89.8; 93.3.
VIII. 12.19,20,21; 31.8; 45.22; 82.6.
IX. 22.3,5; 66.27; 86.15.
X. 64.15; 85.42.
IV C. Verbal Forms:
We have not counted verbal forms in our above lists (unless any has crept in inadvertently), except Nominal Verbs (past passive participles, gerunds, infinitives and gerundives) which are found in more than one verse in the New Rigveda.
However, if we consider verbal forms found only in the New Rigveda and the Redacted Hymns, we get a massive flood of words. A few examples:
1. Forms of √sṛj ("surge") meaning "have surged" and beginning with asṛk- and asṛg- (asṛkṣata, asṛgran, asṛgram, asasṛgran, asasṛgram):
V. 52.6.
I. 9.4; 135.6.
VIII. 52.9; 63.7.
IX. 7.1; 12.1; 13.6; 16.5; 17.1; 23.1; 46.1,2; 62.1,7,22; 63.4,25,26,27; 64.4,7,16; 66.10,11,25; 67.17,18; 86.2,4,22; 88.6; 96.22; 97.29,30,31; 106.14; 107.25.
X. 31.3.
2. The imperative "sing", gāyata, urging the singers to sing the praises of the Gods:
VI. 45.4.
VII. 31.3; 102.1.
V. 68.1.
I. 4.10; 5.1,4; 21.2; 37.1,4.
VIII. 15.1; 32.13,17,27; 45.21; 89.1; 92.1; 98.1; 101.5; 103.8.
IX. 13.2; 60.1; 65.7; 86.44; 104.1; 105.1.
3. The form uśmasi "we desire", invoking favors from the Gods. [a different form śmasi is found in a Middle Book: II.31.6]:
V. 74.3.
I. 21.1; 22.6; 30.12; 86.10; 94.3; 129.4; 154.6.
VIII. 45.20; 66.14.
IX. 31.6; 66.14.
X. 38.2; 39.2; 40.11; 74.6.
4. The form ajāyata "was born", referring to the birth (usually) of Agni:
III. 29.14.
VI. 48.12.
I. 11.4; 128.4.
VIII. 6.28; 89.6.
X. 11.4; 72.2,3,4; 90.5,9,12,13; 135.6; 187.5; 190.1,2.
5. The form akrata "(they) have made" referring to creations of the Gods:
VII. 103.8.
V. 21.3.
I. 20.4; 64.5; 92.1.
VIII. 6.3; 23.18; 65.12.
IX. 21.7.
X. 1.3; 62.7; 66.14; 71.2; 155.5.
6. The form māmahantām "let…grant to us", found in the formulaic refrain in the last line of several hymns:
I. 94.16; 95.11; 96.9; 98.3; 100.19; 101.11; 102.11; 103.8; 105.19; 106.7; 107.3; 108.13; 109.8; 110.9; 111.5; 112.25; 113.20; 114.11; 115.6.
IX. 97.58.
IV D. Hidden New Words:
Finally, a category of New Words that we cannot count as New Words! In this study, we are going strictly by the list of Redacted Hymns consisting of the list of "unordered hymns" listed by Oldenberg, Witzel, etc., plus the six hymns in Book 3 which are directly and clearly testified as Late Hymns in the Aitareya Brahmana. Other Indologists (Hopkins, Arnold, etc.) have suggested some more hymns to be included in the list — the most recent "metrical Rigveda" by Van Nooten cites VI.28 and VII.50 as belonging to this category. However that would make the whole study messy, arbitrary and shifty, so we are going strictly by the list of Redacted Hymns cited in Section I.
Nevertheless we may note in passing that there are many more important words which, although we are not including them in our above lists of New Words and references, are actually New Words. They cannot be included because they have seeped into a few Old Hymns. After the near completion of the text of the Rigveda (around 2000 BCE) but before the Rigveda was given its final form (around 1500 BCE or so), some minor changes seem to have been effected in the text in which some stray but very important New Words seeped even into a few Old Hymns. A few examples follow, of which the first one, of words and forms derived from the root √gā / gai "sing" ( a root which produced important Vedic words like gāthā, gāyatrī, and very important later and present-day words like saṅgīt, gīt, gītā, gāyan, gān, gāyak/gāyikā), which is also central to the common Vedic-Avestan vocabulary, is a prime case. The odd Old Hymn in which the following new words appear are given in brackets immediately after the word — other than these bracketed aberrations, each of such words are found only in the New Rigveda and Redacted Hymns:
√gā/gai (sing): [VI. 40.1; 69.2].
II. 43.1, 2(2).
VI. 45.4,22.
VII. 31.1; 96.1; 102.1.
V. 44.5; 68.1.
I. 4.10; 5.4; 7.1; 10.1(2); 12.11; 21.2(2); 27.4; 37.1,4; 38.14(2); 43.4; 79.7; 97.2; 120.6; 142.12; 164.23,24,25; 167.6(2); 173.1; 188.11; 190.1.
VIII. 1.7(2),8,10; 2.14(2),38(2); 5.34; 15.1; 16.9; 19.22; 27.2; 32.1,17,27; 33.4; 38.6,10; 45.21; 46.17; 61.8; 66.1; 71.14; 81.5(2); 89.1; 92.1,2,25; 98.1,9; 101.5(2); 103.8.
IX. 11.1,4; 13.2; 60.1; 65.7; 86.44; 96.23; 97.4; 99.4; 104.1.
X. 14.16; 67.3; 71.11(2); 85.6; 107.6; 130.4.
mṛtyu (death): [III. 2.9].
VI. 48.12; 75.18.
VII. 59.12.
VIII. 18.22.
IX. 70.3.
X. 13.4; 18.1,2,4; 48.5; 59.4; 60.8,9,10; 72.9; 94.11; 95.18; 117.1; 121.2; 129.2; 161.2; 165.4.
varman (armour): [VI. 27.6].
VI. 75.1,18,19.
VII. 31.6.
I. 31.15; 114.5; 140.10.
VIII. 47.8.
IX. 67.14; 98.2; 108.6.
X. 16.7; 78.3; 101.8; 107.7.
stotra (song of praise): [VI. 34.5; 35.1].
III. 31.4.
VI. 52.11.
I. 30.5; 91.6; 101.11; 102.1; 124.10; 138.1.
V. 55.9.
VIII. 45.21; 50.4; 60.6; 101.5.
IX. 12.7; 20.7; 21.2; 40.5; 45.6; 62.30; 66.27; 67.19; 72.8,9; 97.6.
X. 78.8; 105.1; 156.5.
sāman (Vedic chant): [IV. 2.10; 5.3].
II. 43.1.
III. 30.9.
VII. 33.14.
V. 22,1; 54.14.
I. 53.11; 62.2; 107.2; 147.1; 164.24; 173.1,9.
VIII. 16.9; 29.10; 81.5; 89.7; 98.1.
IX. 96.22; 111.2.
X. 36.5; 53.4; 59.2; 78.5; 85.11; 93.8; 99.2; 107.6.
brāhmaṇa (priest): [II.36.5].
VI. 75.10.
VII. 103.1,7,8.
I. 15.1; 164.45.
VIII. 58.1.
X. 16.6; 71.8,9; 88.19; 90.12; 97.22; 109.4.
mihas (mist): [II. 30.3].
III. 31.20.
V. 32.4.
I. 32.13; 37.11; 38.7; 64.6; 79.2; 141.13.
VIII. 7.4.
X. 31.9; 73.5.
rasa (juice): [VI. 63.8].
III. 48.1.
VI. 44,21; 47.1.
VII. 104.10.
V. 43.4; 44.13.
I. 23.23; 37.5; 71.5; 105.2; 164.8; 187.4,5; 191.16.
VIII. 1.26; 3.1,20; 49.2; 53.3.
IX. 6.6; 14.3; 16.1; 23.5; 62.6; 63.13; 64.24; 65.15; 67.31,32; 79.5; 85.1; 97.1,12,14,57; 109.11,20; 113.3,5.
X. 9.2,9; 76.7.
parīṇas (abundance): [III. 24.5].
IV. 31.12.
V. 10.1.
I. 56.2; 129.9; 133.7; 166.14.
VIII. 21.7; 45.24; 77.9; 84.7; 97.6.
IX. 97.9.
X. 62.10.
rava (sound): [VII.79.4].
III. 31.6.
IV. 50.1,4,5.
VII. 33.4.
V. 63.3.
I. 62.4; 71.2; 94.10.
IX. 72.3; 97.36.
X. 67.6; 68.8; 94.12; 111.2.
ananta (endless): [IV. 1.7].
VI. 61.8.
VII. 104.17.
V. 47.2.
I. 64.11; 113.3; 115.5; 121.9; 130.3.
X. 75.3.
pumaṁs (male): [IV. 3.10].
III. 29.13.
VI. 75.14.
VII. 104.24.
V. 61.8.
X. 130.2.
jāyā (wife): [IV. 18.13].
III. 53.6.
I. 82.5; 105.2; 116.1; 117.20.
X. 17.1; 32.3; 34.2,3,4,10,11,13; 85.22,29,38; 109.2,4,5.6.7; 149.4.
dampati (householder couple): [II. 39.2]:
V. 3.2; 22.4.
I. 127.8.
VIII. 31.5; 69.16; 84.7.
X. 10.5; 68.2; 85.32; 95.12; 162.4.
varuṇāni (wife of Varuṇa): [VII. 34.2].
II. 32.8.
V. 46.8.
I. 22.12.
nirṛti (dissolution, or Goddess of): [VII. 37.6; 58.2].
VI. 74.2.
VII. 104.9.
V. 41.17.
I. 24.9; 38.6; 117.5; 119.7; 164.32.
VIII. 24.24.
X. 10.10; 18.10; 36.2,4; 59.1,2,3,4; 76.4; 95.14; 114.2; 161.2; 164.1; 165.1.
bhiṣaj (remedy, healer): [II. 33.4].
VI. 50.7.
I. 24.9; 116.16; 157.6.
VIII. 18.8; 86.1.
X. 39.3,4.
datta (given and adopted): [II. 33.2; 38.11].
III. 53.15.
V. 29.2; 54.13.
I. 32.3; 34.6; 116.13; 117.7,8,24; 118.9; 126.3; 139.7; 145.3; 163.2.
VIII. 26.12; 45.42; 47.6; 59.6; 92.18; 96.1.
X. 16.2; 31.11; 51.8; 84.7; 85.3; 97.19,21; 107.1.
śuddha (pure, purified): [VI. 28.7].
I. 164.40.
VIII. 95.7,8,9.
IX. 78.1.
X. 18.2.
tīrtha (sacred ford]: [IV. 29.3].
I. 46.8; 169.6; 173.11.
VIII. 47.11; 72.7.
IX. 97.3.
X. 31.3; 40.13; 114.7.
dugdha (milk): [III. 55.16; VII.98.1].
III. 36.4.
IV. 50.3.
VI. 48.22.
VII. 32.22; 74.3.
V. 19.4; 36.1; 58.4.
I. 54.9; 158.4.
IX. 96.15; 97.11; 107.9.
X. 94.9.
viṣa (poison): [VII. 21.7; 50.3].
VI. 61.3.
I. 117.16; 191.10,11,12,13,14,15,16.
X. 85.34; 87.18,23; 136.1,7.
sanīḷa (of common nest=of common origin, companions): [VII. 56.1].
I. 34.9; 62.7,10; 69.6; 71.1; 100.5; 165.1.
IX. 72.2.
X. 31.6; 99.2; 101.1; 123.3.
dyumnin (brilliant): [III.37.2].
I. 36.8; 91.2; 127.9; 138.2; 175.5.
VIII. 19.6; 74.9; 87.1; 89.2; 92.16; 93.8; 103.9.
IX. 109.7.
X. 69.5; 96.3; 159.4; 174.4.
Many of the Old Hymns above in which these and other such words appear are noted for containing words and elements not found in other Old Hymns. We have of course not counted any of these words and references in our list of New Words. [Technically, when the stray Old Hymns, into which these New Words have seeped, are found only in Books II and IV, the words can be classified in the list of Middle Words].
Two similar examples of hidden verbal forms:
dhīmahi (may we attain): [II.11.12].
III. 30.19; 62.10.
VII. 15.7; 66.9.
V. 21.1; 82.1,6.
I. 17.6; 44.11; 127.5; 131.2; 141.10.
VIII. 7.18; 22.18; 103.5.
X. 35.4; 36.5,7; 66.2; 87.22.
anūṣata (have called out): [IV.1.16].
III. 51.1.
VI. 60.7.
V. 5.4.
I. 6.6; 7.1; 11.8; 144.2; 151.6.
VIII. 3.3; 9.19; 52.9; 69.11.
IX. 12.2; 17.6; 26.2; 32.5; 33.5; 39.6; 45.5; 68.8; 86.17,31; 99.4; 101.8; 104.4; 110.6.
X. 43.1; 123.2.
There is a very large number of such words, and of the hymns and verses covered by them.
It is not only new words: there are even new meters which cannot be counted in our lists as New Meters because they have seeped into one Old Hymn (unless that "old hymn" is actually an unrecognized Redacted Hymn):
The meters known as pragātha are found in only one Old Hymn, III.16. Otherwise they are found exclusively in the New Rigveda and the Redacted Hymns:
VI. 46, 48 (2 hymns).
VII. 16, 32, 59, 66, 74, 81, 96 (7 hymns).
I. 39, 40, 44, 47, 48, 84 (6 hymns).
VIII. 1, 3, 4, 10, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 27, 46. 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 60, 61, 66, 70, 71, 77, 87, 88, 89, 90, 99, 101 (29 hymns).
IX. 107, 108 (2 hymns).
X. 33, 62 (2 hymns).
As all this should make clear, the massive data of New Words and Other New Elements in the Rigveda given in this article is an understatement of the actual gulf between the Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda. Hence, anyone discussing or analyzing Indo-Aryan, Indo-Iranian or Indo-European history in future must not make the mistake of overlooking or ignoring the importance of this chronological distinction in arriving at their conclusions.
We will end by repeating for good measure the total summary, given earlier (in Section III), of the distribution of New Words and New Elements in the Rigveda:
TOTAL SUMMARY:
1. Old Rigveda Books 2,3,4,6,7: 0/280 Hymns, 0/2368 verses, 0 words. +0 C + 0 M.
2. Redacted Hymns in Old Books 2,3,4,6,7: 61/62 Hymns, 470/873 verses, 724 words. +1 C + 6 M.
3. New Rigveda Books 1,5,8,9,10: 684/686 Hymns, 4256/7311 verses, 6828 words. +300 C + 96 M.
V. THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS CHRONOLOGICAL DIVISION.
A brief look at why this chronological gulf between the Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda as shown by the New Words is so important for historical study:
1. The first and most important point is that the Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda clearly represent two different eras. The New Rigveda, as we saw, shares a vast common cultural heritage with two different textual streams found outside India: the Avesta and the Mitanni inscriptions. Name types, as I elaborated in TALAGERI 2008:4-5, constitute a very basic indicator of the chronological era and heritage and ethos of any culture, and these three distinct data-bases (the New Rigveda, the Avesta and the Mitanni inscriptions) from three distinct areas (northwestern India, Afghanistan-Central Asia, and West Asia respectively), share a very large common heritage of name types which covers the names of the composers of 300 of the 686 hymns in the New Rigveda, most of the most prominent names in the Avesta, and most of the Indo-Aryan Mitanni king names in the carbon-dated records of West Asia (and Egypt) going back beyond 1500 BCE.
The Old Rigveda (geographically located to the east of the New Rigveda) stands completely aloof from this common heritage (found not only in the composer names in the New Rigveda, but also in multiple references within the hymns of the New Rigveda, and which continues in post-Rigvedic texts), and very clearly represents a very much earlier, and eastern, era and phase of the Rigveda. Exactly how much earlier can only be gauged from the fact that this heritage must have developed in full in the area of the New Rigveda (stretching out from westernmost U.P. within North India to Afghanistan) before being taken out by emigrants all the way into West Asia, where, centuries after their arrival there, it was represented in the names of the Mitanni kings recorded from 1500 BCE and in the proto-Mitanni-influenced Kassites in 1750 BCE!
[The Mitanni heritage, recorded after 1500 BCE, is described by Mallory as "little more than the residue of a dead language in Hurrian, and that the symbiosis that produced the Mitanni may have taken place centuries earlier" (MALLORY 1989:42), and by Witzel as as the "remnants" of Indo-Aryan in the Hurrite language of the Mitanni (WITZEL 2005:361)].
2. The second important point is the marked western geographical expanse of the New Rigveda as compared to the Old Rigveda. And it must be noted that the western expanse of the New Rigveda is not shared by the Redacted Hymns, which are as bereft of western geographical references as the main Old Rigveda itself. And even Book 5, the oldest Book of the New Rigveda, is very largely bereft of these western references, showing that the full fledged western expansion took place only in the period of the Non-family Books (1,8,9,10).
The only western references before the Non-family Books are the references to sheep (avi) in IV.2.5, and the references to the western rivers Sindhu (IV.30.12; 4.6; 55.3; V.53.9), Sarayu (IV.30.18; V.53.9), Rasā (IV.43.6; V.41.15; 53.9), and Kubhā , Krumu and Anitabhā (all in V.53.9).
Book 4, it must be remembered represents the period of Sudās' descendant Sahadeva's expansion into the northwest beyond the Sindhu and the battle with the proto-Iranians on the Sarayu in Afghanistan. And about the composer of V.41 and 53, Śyāvāśva Ātreya, Witzel concedes that these river names only indicate that the particular poet is widely traveled, and not necessarily that he (i.e. the Vedic people) actually occupied the areas of the rivers named: "all these geographical notes belonging to diverse hymns are attributed to one and the same poet, Śyāvāśva, which is indicative of the poet’s travels" (WITZEL 1995b:317). [The same poet also names the Punjab river Paruṣṇī in V.52.9, and the eastern river Yamunā in V.52.17].
The New Rigveda, on the other hand, shows a wide acquaintance with the northwest. Apart from the words already cited (avi, Sindhu, Sarayu, Rasā, Kubhā , Krumu and Anitabhā, all of which, except the last, are found profusely in the New Rigveda), we have the following additional western rivers, Gaurī, Ārjīkīyā, Suṣomā, Vitastā, Marudvṛdhā, Gomatī, Mehatnu, Śvetyā, Suvāstu, Susartu, Tṛṣṭāmā; the western lake, Śaryaṇāvatī; the western mountains, Ārjīk, Suṣom, Mūjavat; the western place, Gandhāri; and western-northwestern animals uṣṭra, mathra, chāga, meṣa, vṛṣṇi, urā, varāha/varāhu (many of these with common names in the Avesta: uštra, maēša, varšni, ura, varāza), gardabha, rāsabha.
3. There is clearly a very great change in the technical, cultural and civilizational atmosphere in the New Rigveda as compared to that of the Old Rigveda:
a) To begin with, there is a major and revolutionary technological advancement in transport exemplified by the appearance of spoked wheel chariots. So we get new words ara (spoke), āṇi (axle-pin), and a huge number of names and words beginning or ending with ratha (cart/chariot) and aśva (horse/equid) signifying the importance of this new development.
b) An extremely significant aspect of the New Rigveda is the spurt in trade and commerce, evidenced by countless references to different trades, occupations and professions, and the root word √vaṇij. One single word which puts the whole picture in a nutshell is the word maṇi (bead, ornament):
bi) It is found just twice in the New Rigveda, 78 times in the Atharvaveda, and countless times throughout the subsequent Vedic and Sanskrit literature; and is an extremely common and popular word in all modern Indo-Aryan languages, and in all non-IE languages influenced by Sanskrit.
bii) It is found in the Avesta, and is the only known common Sanskrit word recorded in the Mitanni records (outside the well-known list of personal names, Gods, numbers and horce-racing-related words).
biii) Bead-making was one of the most prolific of industries in the Mature-Harappan=New-Rigvedic civilization, and the evidence of trade-relations between the Mature Harappan civilization and the Babylonian civilization is also prolific.
biv) And the New Rigveda records two Babylonian words (manā, a unit of measure, and bekanāṭa, money-lender) connected with trade and commerce.
c) Likewise, there is a spurt in new words representing different fields (sometimes different new fields):
organized agriculture: bīja (seed), phala (fruit), kṛṣi (ploughed field), sītā (furrow), sīra, śunāsīra, lāṅgala, phāla (all meaning plough/ploughshare). [Also many names of sacred grasses and trees, woods used in making objects, herbs used in medicine, etc., e.g. darbha, dūrvā, muñja, aśvattha, pippala, khadira, kiṁśuka, parṇa, urvāruka, etc., etc.].
musical instruments: gargara, karkarī, godhā, dundubhī, veṇu (though the last is not yet precisely a musical instrument in the Rigveda).
astronomy (constellations): saptaṛṣi, ṛkṣa, tiṣya.
organized political society: kula (clan, family, community), samiti (assembly), abhirāṣṭra (kingship), praśāsana (government, official command), adhyakṣa (president, overseer), adhipatya (overlordship), rājaka (subordinate king).
social divisions: vaiśya, śūdra, rājanya [brāhmaṇa, as we saw, is a hidden New Word, or a Middle Word]. [A special note on the varṇa system later].
d) There are new words showing (often for the first time) greater awareness and organization of internal aspects of Vedic composition and religion:
names of meters: anuṣṭubh, triṣṭubh, pankti, gāyatrī, śakvarī.
words representing later Samhitās: yajus, atharvan [sāman, as we saw, is a hidden New Word, or a Middle Word].
e) There seems to be a new emphasis on the feminine element:
Names referring to the wives of the main Gods appear: indrāṇī, indrapatnī, agnāyī, devapatnī [varuṇānī, as we saw, is a hidden New Word].
Also we have the Goddesses of the phases of the moon (sinīvālī , rākā, guṅgū); words which in later times would be important names of the Mother Goddess (ambā, girijā, kalyāṇī, bhagavatī, lakṣmī); personified Goddesses of speech (vāk), night (rātri), faith (śraddhā), and forests and open spaces (araṇyānī); and the names of the mother (saraṇyū) and sister (yamī) of Yama.
Besides new names or words for woman (strī, abalā, sudevī), we have words for women in special roles: the housewife (gṛhapatnī, viśpatnī), queen (rāṣṭrī, samrājñī), scholar (vidūṣī), expectant mother (garbhiṇī), hero's wife (vīrapatnī, śūrapatnī), and names of women aided by the Aśvins (ghoṣā, viṣpalā).
Only a person studying Vedic and Sanskrit vocabulary will understand the great transformations taking place in Vedic/Sanskrit vocabulary with the addition of masses of new words in every era. Blinkered armchair bigots or traditionalists will balk at the idea of "old" and "new" words and a changing language, but it is a hard fact. Those acquainted with the rich vocabulary of Classical Sanskrit would be amazed at the total absence, in chronologically different stages of the Vedic literature, of what would be thought to be very basic, typical and common Sanskrit words.
The New Rigveda brings in for the first time, sometimes in its latest parts, new words which would be thought to be most basic to the language (to give just a handful of examples: kāla, mūla, rātri, kalyāṇa, maṅgala, karuṇa, māṁsa, bāṇa. Also numerous very fruitful roots which produced words very important and common in later times: e.g. √labh, √gup, √kḷp). The Atharvaveda brings in masses of new words totally absent in the whole of the Rigveda. And so on. And Classical Sanskrit, which later spread out to be the intellectual lingua franca of the whole of India and beyond, not only evolved huge and rich new streams of vocabulary, but also (like all lingua francas) borrowed, adapted and often "Sanskritized"words from other languages which became "Sanskrit" words for all later generations. It is a vast and fascinating field of study. Here we are only concerned with the New Words in the New Rigveda (and Redacted Hymns), bacuse they are vital to the study of the most ancient Vedic, "Indo-Aryan", "Indo-Iranian" and Indo-European history.
The Rigvedic vocabulary often ranges over all three "stages" that linguists have postulated for Indo-Aryan vocabulary: Indo-European, "Indo-Iranian", and "Indo-Aryan". Thus nakt- (night) is an "Indo-European" word, common to all the 12 branches of IE languages; kṣap (night) is an "Indo-Iranian" word found only in the Iranian and Indo-Aryan branches; and rātri (night) is a new purely "Indo-Aryan" word. All the three stages evolved within India, from where the other branches emigrated towards their historical habitats at various recorded periods of Indian history, as shown in detail in our books and blogs.
V. THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS CHRONOLOGICAL DIVISION.
A brief look at why this chronological gulf between the Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda as shown by the New Words is so important for historical study:
1. The first and most important point is that the Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda clearly represent two different eras. The New Rigveda, as we saw, shares a vast common cultural heritage with two different textual streams found outside India: the Avesta and the Mitanni inscriptions. Name types, as I elaborated in TALAGERI 2008:4-5, constitute a very basic indicator of the chronological era and heritage and ethos of any culture, and these three distinct data-bases (the New Rigveda, the Avesta and the Mitanni inscriptions) from three distinct areas (northwestern India, Afghanistan-Central Asia, and West Asia respectively), share a very large common heritage of name types which covers the names of the composers of 300 of the 686 hymns in the New Rigveda, most of the most prominent names in the Avesta, and most of the Indo-Aryan Mitanni king names in the carbon-dated records of West Asia (and Egypt) going back beyond 1500 BCE.
The Old Rigveda (geographically located to the east of the New Rigveda) stands completely aloof from this common heritage (found not only in the composer names in the New Rigveda, but also in multiple references within the hymns of the New Rigveda, and which continues in post-Rigvedic texts), and very clearly represents a very much earlier, and eastern, era and phase of the Rigveda. Exactly how much earlier can only be gauged from the fact that this heritage must have developed in full in the area of the New Rigveda (stretching out from westernmost U.P. within North India to Afghanistan) before being taken out by emigrants all the way into West Asia, where, centuries after their arrival there, it was represented in the names of the Mitanni kings recorded from 1500 BCE and in the proto-Mitanni-influenced Kassites in 1750 BCE!
[The Mitanni heritage, recorded after 1500 BCE, is described by Mallory as "little more than the residue of a dead language in Hurrian, and that the symbiosis that produced the Mitanni may have taken place centuries earlier" (MALLORY 1989:42), and by Witzel as as the "remnants" of Indo-Aryan in the Hurrite language of the Mitanni (WITZEL 2005:361)].
2. The second important point is the marked western geographical expanse of the New Rigveda as compared to the Old Rigveda. And it must be noted that the western expanse of the New Rigveda is not shared by the Redacted Hymns, which are as bereft of western geographical references as the main Old Rigveda itself. And even Book 5, the oldest Book of the New Rigveda, is very largely bereft of these western references, showing that the full fledged western expansion took place only in the period of the Non-family Books (1,8,9,10).
The only western references before the Non-family Books are the references to sheep (avi) in IV.2.5, and the references to the western rivers Sindhu (IV.30.12; 4.6; 55.3; V.53.9), Sarayu (IV.30.18; V.53.9), Rasā (IV.43.6; V.41.15; 53.9), and Kubhā , Krumu and Anitabhā (all in V.53.9).
Book 4, it must be remembered represents the period of Sudās' descendant Sahadeva's expansion into the northwest beyond the Sindhu and the battle with the proto-Iranians on the Sarayu in Afghanistan. And about the composer of V.41 and 53, Śyāvāśva Ātreya, Witzel concedes that these river names only indicate that the particular poet is widely traveled, and not necessarily that he (i.e. the Vedic people) actually occupied the areas of the rivers named: "all these geographical notes belonging to diverse hymns are attributed to one and the same poet, Śyāvāśva, which is indicative of the poet’s travels" (WITZEL 1995b:317). [The same poet also names the Punjab river Paruṣṇī in V.52.9, and the eastern river Yamunā in V.52.17].
The New Rigveda, on the other hand, shows a wide acquaintance with the northwest. Apart from the words already cited (avi, Sindhu, Sarayu, Rasā, Kubhā , Krumu and Anitabhā, all of which, except the last, are found profusely in the New Rigveda), we have the following additional western rivers, Gaurī, Ārjīkīyā, Suṣomā, Vitastā, Marudvṛdhā, Gomatī, Mehatnu, Śvetyā, Suvāstu, Susartu, Tṛṣṭāmā; the western lake, Śaryaṇāvatī; the western mountains, Ārjīk, Suṣom, Mūjavat; the western place, Gandhāri; and western-northwestern animals uṣṭra, mathra, chāga, meṣa, vṛṣṇi, urā, varāha/varāhu (many of these with common names in the Avesta: uštra, maēša, varšni, ura, varāza), gardabha, rāsabha.
3. There is clearly a very great change in the technical, cultural and civilizational atmosphere in the New Rigveda as compared to that of the Old Rigveda:
a) To begin with, there is a major and revolutionary technological advancement in transport exemplified by the appearance of spoked wheel chariots. So we get new words ara (spoke), āṇi (axle-pin), and a huge number of names and words beginning or ending with ratha (cart/chariot) and aśva (horse/equid) signifying the importance of this new development.
b) An extremely significant aspect of the New Rigveda is the spurt in trade and commerce, evidenced by countless references to different trades, occupations and professions, and the root word √vaṇij. One single word which puts the whole picture in a nutshell is the word maṇi (bead, ornament):
bi) It is found just twice in the New Rigveda, 78 times in the Atharvaveda, and countless times throughout the subsequent Vedic and Sanskrit literature; and is an extremely common and popular word in all modern Indo-Aryan languages, and in all non-IE languages influenced by Sanskrit.
bii) It is found in the Avesta, and is the only known common Sanskrit word recorded in the Mitanni records (outside the well-known list of personal names, Gods, numbers and horce-racing-related words).
biii) Bead-making was one of the most prolific of industries in the Mature-Harappan=New-Rigvedic civilization, and the evidence of trade-relations between the Mature Harappan civilization and the Babylonian civilization is also prolific.
biv) And the New Rigveda records two Babylonian words (manā, a unit of measure, and bekanāṭa, money-lender) connected with trade and commerce.
c) Likewise, there is a spurt in new words representing different fields (sometimes different new fields):
organized agriculture: bīja (seed), phala (fruit), kṛṣi (ploughed field), sītā (furrow), sīra, śunāsīra, lāṅgala, phāla (all meaning plough/ploughshare). [Also many names of sacred grasses and trees, woods used in making objects, herbs used in medicine, etc., e.g. darbha, dūrvā, muñja, aśvattha, pippala, khadira, kiṁśuka, parṇa, urvāruka, etc., etc.].
musical instruments: gargara, karkarī, godhā, dundubhī, veṇu (though the last is not yet precisely a musical instrument in the Rigveda).
astronomy (constellations): saptaṛṣi, ṛkṣa, tiṣya.
organized political society: kula (clan, family, community), samiti (assembly), abhirāṣṭra (kingship), praśāsana (government, official command), adhyakṣa (president, overseer), adhipatya (overlordship), rājaka (subordinate king).
social divisions: vaiśya, śūdra, rājanya [brāhmaṇa, as we saw, is a hidden New Word, or a Middle Word]. [A special note on the varṇa system later].
d) There are new words showing (often for the first time) greater awareness and organization of internal aspects of Vedic composition and religion:
names of meters: anuṣṭubh, triṣṭubh, pankti, gāyatrī, śakvarī.
words representing later Samhitās: yajus, atharvan [sāman, as we saw, is a hidden New Word, or a Middle Word].
e) There seems to be a new emphasis on the feminine element:
Names referring to the wives of the main Gods appear: indrāṇī, indrapatnī, agnāyī, devapatnī [varuṇānī, as we saw, is a hidden New Word].
Also we have the Goddesses of the phases of the moon (sinīvālī , rākā, guṅgū); words which in later times would be important names of the Mother Goddess (ambā, girijā, kalyāṇī, bhagavatī, lakṣmī); personified Goddesses of speech (vāk), night (rātri), faith (śraddhā), and forests and open spaces (araṇyānī); and the names of the mother (saraṇyū) and sister (yamī) of Yama.
Besides new names or words for woman (strī, abalā, sudevī), we have words for women in special roles: the housewife (gṛhapatnī, viśpatnī), queen (rāṣṭrī, samrājñī), scholar (vidūṣī), expectant mother (garbhiṇī), hero's wife (vīrapatnī, śūrapatnī), and names of women aided by the Aśvins (ghoṣā, viṣpalā).
Only a person studying Vedic and Sanskrit vocabulary will understand the great transformations taking place in Vedic/Sanskrit vocabulary with the addition of masses of new words in every era. Blinkered armchair bigots or traditionalists will balk at the idea of "old" and "new" words and a changing language, but it is a hard fact. Those acquainted with the rich vocabulary of Classical Sanskrit would be amazed at the total absence, in chronologically different stages of the Vedic literature, of what would be thought to be very basic, typical and common Sanskrit words.
The New Rigveda brings in for the first time, sometimes in its latest parts, new words which would be thought to be most basic to the language (to give just a handful of examples: kāla, mūla, rātri, kalyāṇa, maṅgala, karuṇa, māṁsa, bāṇa. Also numerous very fruitful roots which produced words very important and common in later times: e.g. √labh, √gup, √kḷp). The Atharvaveda brings in masses of new words totally absent in the whole of the Rigveda. And so on. And Classical Sanskrit, which later spread out to be the intellectual lingua franca of the whole of India and beyond, not only evolved huge and rich new streams of vocabulary, but also (like all lingua francas) borrowed, adapted and often "Sanskritized"words from other languages which became "Sanskrit" words for all later generations. It is a vast and fascinating field of study. Here we are only concerned with the New Words in the New Rigveda (and Redacted Hymns), bacuse they are vital to the study of the most ancient Vedic, "Indo-Aryan", "Indo-Iranian" and Indo-European history.
The Rigvedic vocabulary often ranges over all three "stages" that linguists have postulated for Indo-Aryan vocabulary: Indo-European, "Indo-Iranian", and "Indo-Aryan". Thus nakt- (night) is an "Indo-European" word, common to all the 12 branches of IE languages; kṣap (night) is an "Indo-Iranian" word found only in the Iranian and Indo-Aryan branches; and rātri (night) is a new purely "Indo-Aryan" word. All the three stages evolved within India, from where the other branches emigrated towards their historical habitats at various recorded periods of Indian history, as shown in detail in our books and blogs.
VI. THE MIDDLE PERIOD WORDS IN THE RIGVEDA.
In this article I will only give a list of the Middle (Period) Words in the Rigveda — a tentative list, because I have not conducted as diligent a study of the Middle Words as of the New Words — and not the list of hymn-and-verse references containing those words. In my earlier article ("The Chronological Gulf Between the Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda"), I had given (much shorter) lists of both Old Words and Middle Words, along with the lists of references containing those words.
But I felt later that although an important exercise in the study of the Rigvedic vocabulary, it, in a way, diluted the impact of the historically important chronological gulf between the Old Rigveda and the New Rigveda by introducing an additional angle of references (important for internal Rigvedic history, and because it shows that even within the Old Rigveda, there are two distinct eras; but not important for IE and OIT history) containing words found in the Middle Books (4,2) and the New Rigveda and Redacted Hymns, but not found in the Old Hymns of the three Oldest Books (6,3,7). This is a distinction which cut across the chronological gulf. So I decided to defer the list of references, but give the new expanded (but which could certainly be expanded even more) list of Middle Words as a basis for further study (not necessarily by myself).
As already pointed out, some of these words could be what I called hidden New Words since they are spread out over the New Rigveda and Redacted Hymns, and are only found once or twice, as errant references in older hymns. But because they are so found, they could not be included in our lists of New Words above. So, where the errant references are only in Books 2 and 4, they can be classified as Middle Words. Note that many of these words are very important words in the Vedic vocabulary and in Vedic ritual and religion:
aṁsatra, agohya, abhikhyā, apturā, aṁhu, ananta, avi/avya/avyaya, arśasāna, amājur, apasphura, aṣṭāpadī, anapacyuta, abhinakṣa, aruṇī, apihita, anuvāti, abhra, adhama, aśmānam, anavabhra, aṅgirasvát, adhivaktā, apagūḷham, aporṇuvat, abhinaṭ, abhinakṣat, apīvṛta, aśvayu, aśvāyat, áśan, asamaṣṭa, asmāt (idam),
ātithyam, āpāna, ārdra, āyana (from √e), āvitha, ārohat, āśayāna, ārita, āpaprivas, āyajiṣṭha, āvahantī, ārodhana, āśás, āśayāna, āhanas, āhavá,
√iyakṣa, indhāna, itthādhī, indravat, indravāha,
ījāna, īḷāvat,
upāgahi, ulkā, urucakra, uruśaṁsa, udrin, ubdham, ukṣita, urvaśī,
ṛtāvajasra, ṛṇayā,
√edh
aurṇavābha,
kakṣa, kaniṣṭha, kaśā, kakṣīvat, kathā (kim), kanikradat,
√kāś, kāminam,
kitava, kiraṇa, kila, kiyātyā,
kīrti,
kumāra, kukṣi,
kūcit (kim),
kṛdhu, kṛśānu,
krivi, kṣoṇi, √kruś/√kluś, kṣumanta, kramasva, √krīḷ,
gaṇapati, gacchat, gabhastipūta,
gṛṣṭi, √gṝ (to swallow), gṛdhra,
grīvā,
gohya, gotama, gojit, gomantam,
caratha, cetathas, cikiddhi, coditṛ,
chāyā.
jaṅghanat, jariman, jagrasāna, janya,
jāyā, jānát,
jihma,
jīri, jivri,
jujuṣvas, jujurvas,
jñāt-, jyā, jyeṣṭharājan,
taḷ/taḍ, tanūpā, tatakṣu, tatṛdāna, tadapas, tapta,
tigmajambha,
tīrtha,
turvīti, turváṇi, turayan, turīya,
trita, trikadruka, trādhvam, tvad,
daṁsu, daṁṣṭra, dakṣiṇa (right), datta, dampati, dákṣas, dadāśvas, davidhvat, dambhana,
dānu/dānava, dātāram,
diviṣṭi, divaspṛthivyor, divispṛśa, ditsat, diti,
dīrghāyu,
devajuṣṭa, devabhaktam, devanida,
doṣāvastar, dodhuvat,
draviṇodā, dvipād, dveṣoyut,
dhanu, dhṛṣṇvojas, dhūrṣad, dhṛṣṇvojas,
√dhvṛ,
√nas, navedas,
nikta, nimeghamāna, nivacana, nimna,
nṛvāha,
nemi, neṣṭṛ, néma, nediṣṭha,
paḍ, pataṁga, patara, paraspā, pastyāvat,
pāpa, pādagṛhya, pākyā,
piśaṅga, pipyuṣī,
pīyūṣa, √pīy,
puṣpa, pumaṁs, puruspṛh,
pṛthubudhna, √pṛtanya
potṛ,
pratara, pruṣitapsu, pravṛddha, prajāpati, prāndha, pragardhina, prayāṇa, prātaryāvan, pruṣitapsu, praticakṣya, psaras,
badhira, budhyamāna,
brāhmaṇa,
bṛhaddiva,
bhiṣaj, bhṛgavāṇa, bhurijor, bhūridāva, bharibhrad, bhindat,
makha, manā, maryādā, mahīva, mahitvana,
mārtāṇḍa, māyāvin, māmateya,
mihas,
√mud, muṣka, mumugdhi,
mṛgaya, mṛṇ-, mṛjyamāna,
menā.
yantra, yayi, yuṣmāka, yatasruc, yathāvaśam, yaśastama,
radhracoda, rākā, rādhodeya, ratnadhā, rasā, √raṁh, raśanā, rakṣaṇa, raghuṣyada,
rājaputra, rādhya,
rukmavakṣa,
rauhiṇa,
√lakṣ.
-vardhana (compounds), vartamāna, vastra, vasudā, vasiṣṭa, vayya, vadhiṣṭa,
vāṇá, -vāka (compounds), vāśra, vājambhara,
viśvakṛṣṭi, viduṣṭura, viśvasmā, viśvatas, viṣṭhita, vitata, vinaya, vimame, viṣṭira, visras, vibhajat, vimocana, vidvāṁsa, vívasvat, vidyuti, vihāyas,
vīrudham,
vrā,
śakuna, śatagvina, śakman, śaciṣṭha,
śāstra,
śimī,
śmaśrū, śramiṣma, śvaghnīva, śrānta, śroṇa,
sahasradhārā, sarpis, sadhryak, sahasvat, satyaśuṣma, saramā, saptaraśmi, sadhastuti, sarūpa, sacābhū, satrājit, sanutas, satsi, satrāsāha,
sāyaka, sāman, sānavi, sādhvī,
suṣvāṇa, suparṇa, suvāna, subhṛta, suścandra, sumṛḷīka,
svāhākṛt, svarājyam, svarjit, svarmīḷha, √stubh, √stan, svādiṣṭha, svavasva,
haras, hanū,
hima, hiyāna,
hṛdispṛś,
hotrn,
hradā.
Again, I welcome anyone pointing out errors in this list.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
HOPKINS 1896a: Prāgāthikāni. Hopkins, Edward W. pp. 23-92 in JAOS (Journal of the American Oriental Society), Vol. 17.
MALLORY 1989: In Search of the Indo-Europeans: Language, Archaeology and Myth. Mallory J.P. Thames and Hudson Ltd., London 1989.
PROFERES 1999: The Formation of Vedic Liturgies. Proferes, Theodore. Harvard Thesis, April 1999.
PROFERES 2003: Remarks on the Transition from Rgvedic Composition to Srauta Compilation. Proferes, Theodore. In "Indo-Iranian Language and Peoples", Oxford University Press, Proceedings of the British Academy.
TALAGERI 2000: The Rigveda: A Historical Analysis. Talageri, Shrikant G. Aditya Prakashan (New Delhi), 2000.
TALAGERI 2008: The Rigveda and the Avesta―The Final Evidence. Talageri, Shrikant G. Aditya Prakashan, New Delhi, 2008.
WITZEL 1995a: Early Indian History: Linguistic and Textual Parameters. Witzel. Michael. pp. 85-125 in “The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia”, ed. by George Erdosy. Walter de Gruyter. Berlin, 1995.
WITZEL 1995b: Rgvedic History: Poets, Chieftains and Politics. Witzel, Michael. pp. 307-352 in "The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia", ed. by George Erdosy. Walter de Gruyter. Berlin.
WITZEL 1997b: The Development of the Vedic Canon and Its Schools: The Social and Political Milieu. Witzel, Michael. in “Inside the Texts, Beyond the Texts”, ed. by M.Witzel, Cambridge 1997 (being the proceedings of the International Vedic Workshop, Harvard univ., June 1989).
WITZEL 1999a: Early Sources for South Asian Substrate Languages. Witzel, Michael. in MOTHER TONGUE, Special Issue, 1999.
WITZEL 2000a: The Languages of Harappa. Witzel, Michael. Feb. 17, 2000.
WITZEL 2005: Indocentrism: autochthonous visions of ancient India. Witzel, Michael. pp.341-404, in “The Indo-Aryan Controversy — Evidence and Inference in Indian history”, ed.Edwin F. Bryant and Laurie L. Patton, Routledge, London & New York, 2005.
WITZEL 2006: Central Asian Roots and Acculturation in South Asia: Linguistic and Archaelogical Evidence from Western Central Asia, the Hindukush and Northwestern South Asia for Early Indo-Aryan Language and Religion. in “Indus Civilization: Text and Context”, edited by Toshiki Osada, Manohar Publications, New Delhi, 2006.
Talageri, I really want you to see this: Asko Parpola wrote a paper on the horse chariot of Sinauli. https://journal.fi/store/article/view/9803
ReplyDeleteHe agrees this to be Indo European but in that it is a evidence of migration from the Sintashta culture of Pre Rg Vedic Aryans.